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Chapter 5 – Space Multiple Choice Questions 1. Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper is based on what specific type of perspective? a) isometric perspective b) trimetric perspective c) one-point linear perspective d) two-point linear perspective Answer: c 2. Gustave Caillebotte’s Place de l’Europe on a Rainy Day is based on what specific type of perspective? a) isometric perspective b) trimetric perspective c) one-point linear perspective d) two-point linear perspective Answer: d 3. In Harmony in Red (The Red Room), Henri Matisse deliberately intended to violate the laws of perspective. Why? a) He did not understand perspective. b) He preferred flat space and disliked shading. c) His interests were in things other than pure verisimilitude. d) He was more comfortable with the two-dimensional plane. Answer: c 4. Paul Cézanne’s Madame Cézanne in a Red Armchair illustrates that the artist was more interested in: a) Design b) Subject Matter c) Color d) Composition Answer: a 5. What is the metaphorical significance of the carved sculpture, Feast Making Spoon, from the Ivory Coast? a) It represents the battle between good and evil. b) It represents the power of the imagination to transform an everyday object into a symbolically charged container of social good. c) It gives a sense of the duality of light and dark, plenty and scarcity. d) It represents the seasonal harvest of grain. Answer: b 6. Where is the negative space in the Rubin vase? a) in the white area b) in the dark area c) on the edges between the white and dark areas d) in both, depending on how you look at it Answer: d 7. Where is the vanishing point in Duccio’s Perspective Analysis of Annunciation of the Death of the Virgin, from the Maestá Altarpiece? a) at the virgin’s hands b) just above and to the left of the virgin’s head c) at several points in the composition d) at the angels head Answer: c 8. In Steve DiBenedetto’s Deliverance, the artist uses what to create a sense of space? a) overlapping images b) line c) linear perspective d) atmospheric perspective Answer: a 9. What is the most obvious visual element in Matisse’s Harmony in Red (The Red Room)? a) its lack of special depth b) the deep, atmospheric space c) the overall cool composition d) it is highly textured Answer: a 10. Where is the vanishing point in The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci? a) in the upper-left corner b) at Jesus’ head c) at the head of the figure just to Jesus’ left d) in the landscape seen through the window on the left Answer: b 11. As is common in Japanese art, the Kumano mandala creates the illusion of space by utilizing: a) oblique projection. b) monocular projection. c) linear perspective. d) foreshortening. Answer: a 12. In The Dead Christ, Andrea Mantegna utilizes what technique in order to adjust the distortion created by the point of view? a) chiaroscuro b) isometric projection c) oblique projection d) foreshortening Answer: d 13. In the Rubin vase illustration, the black shape can be seen alternately as a foreground object resembling a vase, or as a background space between two white profiled faces. What is this relationship called? a) linear perspective b) atmospheric perspective c) scientific perspective d) figure–ground reversal Answer: d 14. Although created for different purposes, Barbara Hepworth’s Two Figures and the African feast-making spoon share a similar trait. What is it? a) They are both based on the animal form. b) They are both positive forms that contain negative space. c) They are both constructed from clay. d) They are both functional artworks. Answer: b 15. A picture drawn in perspective that employs a single point of vision is called a) binocular vision. b) one-point perspective. c) pyramidal vision. d) monocular vision. Answer: d 16. Why is the stereoscope such an effective means of describing “real” space? a) It works with a computer. b) It mimics one-point perspective. c) It exists in real space. d) It mimics binocular vision. Answer: d 17. On axonometric projection, all lines indicating height, width, and depth remain a) perpendicular. b) parallel. c) diagonal. d) horizontal. Answer: b 18. According to Sayre, our notion of space has changed abruptly and even become “fluid” since the beginning of the twentieth century due to: a) the exploration of the oceans. b) the advent of perspective. c) new discoveries in astronomy. d) Einstein’s theories. Answer: d 19. There is a contradiction in the appearance of Martin Puryear’s Self. What is it? a) It is much heavier than it looks because of the materials the artist used. b) The value of the paint is much lighter than it appears in the photograph. c) It is much lighter than it appears, because it is hollow. d) It is actually just two-dimensional. Answer: c 20. As in Suney, Olafur Eliasson is known for mainly using what “materials” in his work? a) bronze b) oil paint c) found objects d) light Answer: d 21. When and where was linear perspective first codified (studied, organized, and written down)? a) in the late 18th century United States b) in the 12th century on the Iberian peninsula c) during the Renaissance in Italy d) during the classical period in Greece Answer: c 22. Paul Strand’s Abstraction, Porch Shadows reflects a 20th century effort to challenge the viewer’ perspective with a) traditional compositions. b) high contrast images. c) patterns of light and dark. d) odd or distorted perspective. Answer: d 23. In the 15th century in Italy there was a profound redefinition of space with the codification and usage of linear perspective. Some see the same thing happening today with a) increased urbanization. b) the increased usage and manipulation of cyberspace and virtual realities. c) the ubiquity of television. d) new technology like the printing press. Answer: b Short Answer and Essay Questions 24. List three different techniques artists have used to convey the illusion of deep space on a flat, two-dimensional surface. Answer: Three techniques artists have used to convey the illusion of deep space are atmospheric perspective (using color and value to suggest depth), linear perspective (using converging lines to create depth), and overlapping (placing objects in front of others to imply distance). 25. What are the three types of axonometric projection? Answer: The three types of axonometric projection are isometric projection, dimetric projection, and trimetric projection. 26. During what period was true scientific perspective perfected? Answer: True scientific perspective was perfected during the Renaissance period. 27. In linear perspective systems, where is the vanishing point located? Answer: In linear perspective systems, the vanishing point is typically located at the viewer's eye level on the horizon line. 28. What is created the instant a shape is placed onto a ground? Answer: The instant a shape is placed onto a ground, it creates a figure-ground relationship, distinguishing the shape (figure) from the background (ground). 29. What do Umbo’s Weird Street and Matisse’s Harmony in Red (The Red Room) have in common? Answer: Umbo’s Weird Street and Matisse’s Harmony in Red (The Red Room) both exhibit the use of strong color contrasts and bold shapes, creating dynamic compositions. 30. Discuss how Renaissance artists interpreted the use of scientific perspective systems. Answer: Renaissance artists utilized scientific perspective systems to create the illusion of depth and space in their artworks, allowing for more realistic representations of three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface. They studied mathematical principles of linear perspective and incorporated techniques such as vanishing points, horizon lines, and orthogonal lines to achieve spatial accuracy and depth in their paintings. 31. What is the difference between one-point and two-point linear perspective? Answer: One-point linear perspective involves a single vanishing point on the horizon line, typically used for scenes viewed directly from the front. Two-point linear perspective utilizes two vanishing points on the horizon line, often used for scenes viewed at an angle, creating the illusion of depth along two different axes. 32. Use examples from the chapter to explain the difference between shape and mass. Answer: In visual arts, shape refers to the two-dimensional outline or form of an object, such as a circle or square, while mass refers to the three-dimensional volume or bulk of an object, such as a sphere or cube. For example, a flat shape of a square drawn on paper represents shape, whereas a sculpted cube made of clay represents mass. 33. Discuss how new technologies are redefining our sense of space. Answer: New technologies such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are redefining our sense of space by allowing users to interact with and experience simulated environments in three dimensions. These technologies offer immersive experiences that blur the lines between physical and digital spaces, enabling users to explore and navigate virtual worlds with a heightened sense of presence and spatial awareness. Test Bank for A World of Art Henry M. Sayre 9780205901340, 9780205887576, 9780134082349, 9780134081809, 9780205898879
