Preview Extract
Chapter 19 – The Renaissance through The Baroque Multiple Choice 1. Whose David was the first life-size nude sculpture since antiquity? a) Michelangelo’s b) Donatello’s c) Raphael’s d) Leonardo da Vinci’s Answer: b 2. Sandro Botticelli’s paintings, such as The Birth of Venus, reflect his interest in a philosophy called a) Neoplatonism. b) Enlightenment. c) Neoclassicism. d) Romanticism. Answer: a 3. Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is thought to have had appeal to the Renaissance imagination in part because the portrait reveals a) subtractive color mixing. b) the personality of the sitter. c) Neoplatonist influence. d) perfect linear perspective. Answer: b 4. In School of Athens, Raphael represents the two significant schools of philosophy, signified by the portrayal of what two figures in the center of the composition? a) Christ and Michelangelo b) Socrates and Euripides c) Plato and Aristotle d) Descartes and Hippocrates Answer: c 5. In Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Peacocks painting by Yin Hong, from the late fifteenth to early sixteenth century, the peacock symbolizes a) the non-Chinese invading army. b) the reality inside the mind. c) the dichotomy of the northern and southern schools of Chinese painting. d) the Chinese emperor. Answer: d 6. The sculptor Gianlorenzo Bernini created Ecstasy of St. Theresa, a centerpiece of a chapel in Rome. It is typical of which style? a) Baroque b) Renaissance c) Rococo d) Mannerist Answer: a 7. The style of Burial of Count Orgaz is highly eclectic and individual. The artist is a) Michelangelo. b) El Greco. c) Bronzino. d) Albrecht Dürer. Answer: b 8. Which of the following is an example of High Renaissance painting? a) The Limbourg Brothers’ October b) Masaccio’s The Tribute Money c) Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus d) Raphael’s School of Athens Answer: c 9. Which of these is an example of Baroque painting? a) Masaccio’s The Tribute Money b) Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus c) Raphael’s School of Athens d) Caravaggio’s The Calling of St. Matthew Answer: d 10. The Baroque can be characterized as/by: a) highly didactic Christian art. b) developing in the 15th century and promoting the ideas and aesthetics of classical antiquity. c) developing in 18th century France and promoting civic responsibility and sacrifice. d) 17th century theatrical compositions rendered in very high contrast. Answer: d 11. Coatlicue is a deity from which culture? a) Mayan b) Aztec c) Olmec d) African Answer: b 12. The Limbourg Brothers’ manuscript Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry signified the return of what, lost in art since antiquity? a) “cast shadows” b) chiaroscuro c) human figures d) images of architecture Answer: a 13. In the 1330s, Petrarch conceived of a philosophy that emphasized the value of the individual and the pursuit and study of classical languages, literature, history, and philosophy. Today we call these disciplines the a) divine arts. b) fine arts. c) temporal arts. d) humanities. Answer: d 14. Florence became a cultural center of the Renaissance in a large part due to a) the number of painters living there. b) its location on a major shipping route. c) the Medici family. d) the size of the city. Answer: c 15. What sets northern European artists apart from most artists of the Italian Renaissance is their interest in a) the size and scale of their paintings. b) rendering believable space in realistic detail. c) a denial of aerial or scientific perspective. d) portraiture. Answer: b 16. Michelangelo’s painting, The Last Judgment, for the Sistine Chapel, typifies a style that came to be known as a) Expressionism. b) Northern painting. c) Mannerism. d) Baroque. Answer: c 17. Early Renaissance architect Brunelleschi is best known for a) introducing complex narrative into painting and indicating a single, fixed light source that increased the overall naturalism of his compositions. b) developing linear perspective and designing the dome over the huge crossing in Florence Cathedral. c) reviving “sculpture-in-the-round” and reintroducing the nude figure. d) painting the 38 panels in the Arena Chapel that depict the life of Christ. Answer: b 18. The “Big 3” of the Italian High Renaissance were a) Brunelleschi, Donatelli, and Masaccio. b) Robert Campin, Roger van der Weyden, and Jan van Eyck. c) De Chirico, Dali, and Magritte. d) DaVinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael. Answer: d 19. Michelangelo is considered a Mannerist and High Renaissance artist. What is it about his paintings that characterize the Mannerist style? a) his turbulent compositions b) his calm, balanced compositions c) his use of mythological themes d) the didactic nature of his paintings Answer: a 20. What did the early-Renaissance sculptor Donatello do that hadn’t been done since Classical Antiquity? a) he developed linear perspective b) he made paintings with complex narratives c) he used mythological themes d) he sculpted nude figures Answer: d 21. Leonardo was known in his time for his work as an artist and as a(n) a) military engineer and weapons-designer b) architect c) ambassador d) patron of the arts Answer: a 22. Florentine Renaissance art prioritized disegno, drawing and delineation of forms, while Venetian Renaissance art prioritized a) abstract forms. b) the same as the Florentines, disegno. c) the sensuousness of light and color. d) spontaneity and experimentation. Answer: c 23. Teotihuacan was an important cultural center for which Mesoamerican culture? a) Aztec b) Olmec c) Maya d) It is not known which culture used it. Answer: d 24. Machu Picchu was a “getaway” for which culture’s rules? a) Aztec b) Inca c) Maya d) Olmec Answer: b 25. Who was the most influential artist of the Baroque period in Europe? a) Michelangelo b) Durer c) Caravaggio d) Bernini e) Leonardo Answer: c Short Answer and Essay Questions 26. Name the three leading innovators of the arts in early fifteenth-century Florence. Answer: The three leading innovators of the arts in early fifteenth-century Florence were Filippo Brunelleschi, Donatello, and Masaccio. 27. Filippo Brunelleschi is credited with having developed what artistic tool? Answer: Filippo Brunelleschi is credited with having developed linear perspective in painting, an artistic tool that revolutionized the depiction of space and depth on a two-dimensional surface. 28. Until the nineteenth century, most Westerners based their concepts of China upon whose travel accounts? Answer: Until the nineteenth century, most Westerners based their concepts of China upon the travel accounts of Marco Polo. 29. Renaissance painters in the north had the benefit of a new painting medium. What was it and what were its benefits? Answer: Renaissance painters in the north had the benefit of oil paint as a new painting medium. Oil paint allowed for greater control, blending, and layering of colors, resulting in richer, more detailed, and luminous artworks compared to the previous tempera method. It also dried more slowly, giving artists more time to work and achieve subtle transitions and textures. 30. How did “spirituality” find its way into nonreligious subject matter in Baroque painting? Cite one or two examples that support your answer. Answer: In Baroque painting, "spirituality" found its way into nonreligious subject matter through the infusion of dramatic lighting, emotive expressions, and dynamic compositions that conveyed intense emotional and psychological experiences. One example is Caravaggio's "The Calling of Saint Matthew," where the use of chiaroscuro and dramatic gestures imbue the mundane scene with spiritual significance. Another example is Artemisia Gentileschi's "Judith Slaying Holofernes," which depicts a biblical narrative with visceral intensity, reflecting the artist's own struggles and resilience. 31. Using examples from the chapter, discuss the significance of the Renaissance. Answer: The Renaissance was a transformative period in European history marked by a revival of interest in classical antiquity, humanism, and the arts. It led to groundbreaking achievements in literature, philosophy, science, and the visual arts, shaping the course of Western civilization. Examples such as Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa" and Michelangelo's "David" epitomize the Renaissance emphasis on individualism, naturalism, and the idealization of human form. Additionally, innovations in perspective, anatomy, and technique pioneered by artists like Brunelleschi, Donatello, and Masaccio laid the foundation for the artistic advancements of the era. 32. Compare and contrast a painting from the High Renaissance and one that displays the Mannerist style. Answer: A painting from the High Renaissance, such as Leonardo da Vinci's "The Last Supper," typically features harmonious compositions, balanced proportions, and idealized figures infused with emotional depth and realism. In contrast, a painting displaying the Mannerist style, such as Parmigianino's "Madonna with the Long Neck," exhibits elongated proportions, exaggerated poses, and distorted spatial relationships, conveying a sense of artificiality and ambiguity. While High Renaissance art emphasizes clarity, balance, and naturalism, Mannerist art often seeks to challenge conventions, evoke emotional intensity, and explore complex visual effects. Test Bank for A World of Art Henry M. Sayre 9780205901340, 9780205887576, 9780134082349, 9780134081809, 9780205898879
