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Chapter 13 – Sculpture Multiple Choice Questions 1. Maidens and Stewards, a Parthenon fragment of the Panathenaic Procession, illustrates what ancient sculptural convention? a) high-relief b) free-standing sculpture c) frieze d) statue in-the-round Answer: c 2. Ancient Egyptian stone funerary figures, such as King Menkaure, were carved to bear the spirit of the deceased into the eternity of the afterlife, known as the a) ka. b) kouros. c) santeros. d) Osiris. Answer: a 3. Case of Bottles by the California Funk artist Robert Arneson illustrates the modeling sculptural process in which medium? a) wax b) clay c) plastic d) cloth Answer: b 4. Contingent is a typical work by the artist a) Alice Aycock. b) Eva Hesse. c) Robert Smithson. d) Walter de Maria. Answer: b 5. The Tomb of Emperor Qin Shihuangdi shows an extraordinary grouping of what type of work? a) Stonework b) Clay Pottery c) Terra Cotta d) Ceramics Answer: d 6. Richard Serra’s The Matter of Time is a) a traditional monumental sculpture. b) a series of installations. c) a good example of modeling. d) a series of large, plastic sculptures. Answer: b 7. Which of these statements is NOT true about the Qing Dynasty masterpiece Yu the Great Taming the Waters? a) It is carved into the largest piece of marble ever quarried. b) It is a remarkable example of high-relief sculpture. c) Its subject matter is the story of a mythical emperor who tamed a catastrophic flood in the 2nd millennium BCE. d) Its subject matter is the story of the unification of China under Shih Huang-Ti in the 3rd century BCE. Answer: a 8. Which of these processes best describes the one used by Rodin in sculpting The Burghers of Calais? a) It was cast in one piece from a wax model. b) It was cast in several pieces and then welded together. c) It was modeled with clay. d) It was carved out a single block of marble. Answer: b 9. The Yoruba Display Piece produced for an oba, or king, is meant to reflect the king’s power and a) his wealth. b) the power of the community’s women. c) the history of the community. d) the events that led to his ascent. Answer: b 10. What do Robert Smithson’s Spiral Jetty and the Great Serpent Mound have in common? a) They were done in the same general time period. b) They are both examples of installation art. c) They are both earthworks. d) They were done by the same artist. Answer: c 11. The Egyptian limestone carving, Senwosret I led by Atum to Amun-Re, is an example of a) in-the round sculpture. b) high relief sculpture. c) low relief sculpture. d) installation sculpture. Answer: c 12. The Greek Kouros illustrates the idea of shifting or counter positioning weight around the axis of the spine in figurative sculpture. This pose is called a) chiaroscuro. b) perspective. c) contrapposto. d) pose tolerance. Answer: c 13. Auguste Rodin’s The Burghers of Calais is a remarkable example of which type of sculpture? a) in-the-round b) bas-relief c) assemblage d) high-relief Answer: a 14. Nancy Holt’s Sun Tunnels are generally referred to as a) assemblages. b) earthworks. c) constructions. d) new image art. Answer: b 15. In Sky Cathedral the artist Louise Nevelson has combined found materials to create a sculpture. What is this process called? a) eclectic borrowing b) relief sculpture c) assemblage d) trompe l’oeil Answer: c 16. Wood and stone carvings are examples of a) relief sculpture. b) subtractive sculpture. c) assemblage. d) additive sculpture. Answer: b 17. When a sculpture is created by building up the form with a material such as clay, the process is called a) relief sculpture. b) additive. c) cast sculpture. d) cire-perdue. Answer: b 18. One of the complex aspects of wood carving that a sculptor must pay attention to is a) the shape of the wood. b) the wood's additive qualities. c) the wood’s grain. d) the wood’s density. Answer: c 19. Allan Kaprow created “assemblages of events performed or perceived in more than one time and place.” He called these a) temporal phenomena. b) multiplicitous situations. c) happenings. d) installations. Answer: c 20. Pliable clay is made to hold its form permanently through the process of a) subjecting it to high pressure. b) casting it in bronze. c) firing it. d) soaking it. Answer: c 21. A sculptural space that you can actually enter is referred to as a) an environment. b) a tableau. c) an earthwork. d) an assemblage. Answer: a 22. How does “assemblage” primarily differ from other sculptural processes? a) It is more dynamic. b) It is an older process. c) It utilizes “found” objects. d) It utilizes the “lost-wax” technique. Answer: c 23. The sculptural material most commonly associated with “modeling” or additive processes is a) metal. b) clay. c) wood. d) found objects. Answer: b 24. The material most often associated with the process of “casting” is a) clay. b) steel. c) wood. d) bronze. Answer: d 25. Greek figurative sculpture was greatly influenced by Egyptian sculpture. What did the Greeks add? a) greater skill b) the representation of garments c) naturalism d) authenticity Answer: c 26. By the late fourteenth century, the African kingdom of Benin had developed tremendous refinement in the art of a) wood carving. b) iron casting. c) brass casting. d) stone carving. Answer: c Short Answer and Essay Questions 27. Naturalism in Greek sculpture was in part the result of what medical practices? Answer: Naturalism in Greek sculpture was in part the result of the observation and study of anatomy through medical practices such as dissection. 28. Why was Robert Smithson’s Spiral Jetty different from traditional landscapes? Answer: Robert Smithson’s Spiral Jetty was different from traditional landscapes because it was a large-scale earthwork sculpture created using natural materials (rocks and earth) to alter the environment, rather than simply depicting or representing the landscape. 29. According to the author, what are the three basic ways that we can experience sculpture? Answer: According to the author, the three basic ways that we can experience sculpture are visually, tactilely (through touch), and spatially (by moving around and through the sculpture). 30. An environment that is set up or situated indoors is often called what? Answer: An environment that is set up or situated indoors is often called an "installation." 31. Casting is an invention of which Age? Answer: Casting is an invention of the Bronze Age. 32. Because metal replaces wax during the casting process, many people refer to casting as what kind of method? Answer: Because metal replaces wax during the casting process, many people refer to casting as the "lost wax method" or "investment casting." 33. Like Christo and Jeanne-Claude’s Gates, Robert Smithson’s Spiral Jetty is experienced by most people only through what? Answer: Like Christo and Jeanne-Claude’s Gates, Robert Smithson’s Spiral Jetty is experienced by most people only through documentation such as photographs, videos, and written accounts, as it is located in a remote area and may not be easily accessible to the general public. 34. Nancy Holt’s Sun Tunnels in the Utah desert was discussed as an earthwork. How does the work go beyond the simple definition of earthworks to extend our concept of space? Answer: Nancy Holt’s Sun Tunnels in the Utah desert goes beyond the simple definition of earthworks by incorporating elements of celestial observation and interaction with the environment. The alignment of the tunnels with the sunrise and sunset during the solstices and equinoxes creates a dynamic relationship between the sculpture and the changing light and shadows throughout the day, expanding our perception of space beyond the physical structure into the vastness of the natural landscape and the cosmos. 35. Discuss the art of assemblage, using the work of Eva Hesse from this chapter. Answer: Assemblage is an artistic technique that involves arranging and assembling found objects or materials to create a composition. In Eva Hesse’s work, such as her sculpture "Hang Up," she used everyday materials like rubber tubing, fiberglass, and wire to create abstract and organic forms that challenge traditional notions of sculpture. By incorporating disparate materials and exploring the relationships between them, Hesse’s assemblages evoke a sense of ambiguity, instability, and transformation, inviting viewers to reconsider the boundaries between art and everyday life. 36. Choose an earthwork from the chapter and explain how it shows both additive and subtractive processes. Answer: An example of an earthwork that shows both additive and subtractive processes is Michael Heizer’s "Double Negative." In this work, Heizer created two large trenches by excavating and removing massive amounts of earth, which represents the subtractive process. However, the negative spaces created by digging the trenches are then perceived as solid forms when viewed from certain angles, demonstrating the additive process as well. Through this interplay of positive and negative spaces, Heizer transforms the landscape and challenges our perception of space and form. Test Bank for A World of Art Henry M. Sayre 9780205901340, 9780205887576, 9780134082349, 9780134081809, 9780205898879
