Chapter 17 – The Ancient World Multiple Choice Questions 1. The drawings from Ardèche Gorge are located in a) Chauvet cave. b) La Villedorphe. c) Lascaux cave. d) Nomadic cave. Answer: a 2. The figures from the Abu Temple represent worshippers from the complex society of a) Egypt. b) Sumer. c) Jericho. d) Çatal Hüyük. Answer: b 3. Nike of Samothrace is an outstanding example of a) Roman idealism. b) Hellenistic realism. c) the Minoan Snake Goddess. d) the Egyptian canon of proportions. Answer: b 4. Sanchi, India has one of the earliest surviving examples of a) a beehive tomb. b) a stupa. c) a dostraka. d) a ka. Answer: b 5. The She-Wolf, later adopted by Romans as a symbol of their civilization, was, until recently, thought to have been made by which culture? a) the Egyptians b) the Sumerians c) the Etruscans d) the Greeks Answer: c 6. The colossal head found in La Venta, Mexico was created by the which culture? a) the Olmecs b) the Mixtecs c) the Toltecs d) the Aztecs Answer: a 7. Like much of Egyptian art, the statue of King Khafre shows a) skewed proportions and scale. b) naturalistic tendencies. c) gods from their pantheon. d) rigorous geometry. Answer: d 8. The “Toreador” fresco was created by which culture? a) the Greeks b) the Romans c) the Minoans d) Neolithic Answer: c 9. Found in Austria, the Venus of Willendorf is most likely a a) fertility figure. b) representation of a ruler. c) hunting tool. d) doll. Answer: a 10. The word Neolithic means a) Old Stone Age. b) New Stone Age. c) Middle Stone Age. d) Nomadic. Answer: b 11. Egyptian culture was dedicated to providing a home for what? a) the ka b) the papyri c) the stele d) the emperor Answer: a 12. Neolithic culture developed quickly in the world’s fertile valleys. By 4000 BCE, urban societies had developed in a) Egypt and Mesopotamia. b) China and India. c) China and Japan. d) Egypt and China. Answer: a 13. Construction of the Acropolis in Athens began about 450 BCE under the leadership of a) Marcus Aurelius. b) Phidias. c) Hippocrates. d) Pericles. Answer: d 14. According to Buddhism, the release from worldly desires that ends the cycle of death and reincarnation and begins a state of permanent bliss is called a) nirvana. b) stupa. c) ka. d) Buddha. Answer: a 15. Stonehenge in England is an example of what type of monumental stone architecture? a) colosseum b) stupa c) megalith d) ziggurat Answer: c 16. The stele inscribed with the Law Code of Hammurabi was created by which Mesopotamian culture? a) the Hittites b) the Assyrians c) the Babylonians d) the Sumerians Answer: c 17. The Palette of King Narmer is historically important because it a) depicts an Assyrian king hunting. b) is the first written record in Ancient Mesopotamia. c) mixes depictions of gods with historical figures. d) probably represents the first unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. Answer: d 18. How was sculpture from the reign of Akhenaten in Egypt different from previous and subsequent sculpture? a) It was more abstract, bordering on non-objective. b) It was more naturalistic and informal. c) It was much more colorful. d) It was modeled clay instead of carved stone. Answer: b 19. Classical Greek sculpture can best be described as a) chaotic figurative art that reflected an uneasy time. b) relaxed poses that sought to depict ideal form. c) frontal art that was used as a receptacle for the ka. d) representing the history of Christianity. Answer: b 20. According to Roman tradition, when was Rome founded and by whom? a) in 313 C.E. by Constantine b) in 753 B.C.E. by Romulus and Remus c) in 338 B.C.E. by Alexander the Great d) in 20 B.C.E. by Augustus Answer: b 21. What was the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten famous for? a) having the Pyramids at Giza built b) continuing the traditional Egyptian style in sculpture c) changing the traditional Egyptian religion and art for the first time d) ending slavery in Egypt Answer: c 22. Architecture and art of the Roman Republic was heavily influenced by the building styles of which earlier culture? a) the Etruscans b) the Egyptians c) the Greeks d) the Sumerians Answer: c 23. The capitol of the Roman Empire moved in the 4th century, splitting the empire in two. What was the name of the new capital? a) Byzantium b) Rome c) Paris d) Constantinople Answer: a 24. The earliest known civilization in India, contemporary with the great civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt, is known as the a) Aryan civilization. b) Shang civilization. c) Harappan civilization. d) Sumerian civilization. Answer: c 25. The Great Stupa at Sanchi, India is a typical Buddhist structure. What purpose does it serve? a) It serves as Buddhist temples. b) It houses some of the ashes of the cremated Buddha and serves as a devotional site. c) It is a residence for Buddhist monks. d) It is a tomb for Indian royalty. Answer: b Short Answer and Essay Questions 26. An early Mesopotamian text refers to what as the bond between heaven and earth? Answer: An early Mesopotamian text refers to the "ziggurat" as the bond between heaven and earth. 27. In Buddhist art, Buddha’s hands are often shown set in symbolic gestures called what? Answer: In Buddhist art, Buddha’s hands are often shown set in symbolic gestures called "mudras." 28. The Mycenaeans buried their dead in tombs of what general shape? Answer: The Mycenaeans buried their dead in tombs of a general shape resembling "tholos" or beehive tombs. 29. What term, based on the words for “people” and “power,” was used to describe the Greek’s political system? Answer: The term used to describe the Greek's political system, based on the words for "people" and "power," was "democracy." 30. The Romans’ major architectural contributions were what two types of structures? Answer: The Romans' major architectural contributions were aqueducts and amphitheaters. 31. Using examples from this chapter, discuss the transition from Paleolithic to Neolithic cultures. Answer: The transition from Paleolithic to Neolithic cultures marked a shift from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled agricultural communities. In the Paleolithic era, art primarily consisted of cave paintings and small portable sculptures depicting animals and human figures, such as the Venus of Willendorf. However, with the advent of agriculture during the Neolithic era, societies became more sedentary, leading to the development of permanent settlements and the construction of megalithic structures like Stonehenge. Additionally, pottery became more sophisticated, as seen in the pottery vessels of the Vinča culture. This transition also brought about social and technological advancements, including the domestication of plants and animals, the establishment of social hierarchies, and the emergence of organized religion. 32. Describe the features and purposes of The Great Stupa. Answer: The Great Stupa is a monumental Buddhist structure located in Sanchi, India. It is characterized by a hemispherical dome mounted on a raised platform, surrounded by a railing and four gateways (toranas) adorned with intricate carvings depicting scenes from the life of Buddha. The purpose of The Great Stupa was to enshrine relics of Buddha and serve as a place of pilgrimage and worship for Buddhists. 33. Choose one artwork from the chapter and explain how it reflects cultural developments occurring at the time it was created. Answer: One example is the Lascaux Cave paintings, which reflect the cultural developments of Paleolithic societies. These paintings depict animals such as bison, horses, and deer, suggesting a close relationship between early humans and the natural world. The sophistication of the artwork indicates a high level of artistic skill and cultural significance, possibly tied to rituals or beliefs about hunting and the spiritual world. The creation of these paintings also signifies the emergence of symbolic thought and communication, marking an important milestone in human cultural evolution during the Paleolithic era. Test Bank for A World of Art Henry M. Sayre 9780205901340, 9780205887576, 9780134082349, 9780134081809, 9780205898879
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