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Chapter 13 Multiple Choice Questions 1. What constitutes the base of Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs? a. physiological needs b. love/belonging needs c. self-esteem d. self-actualization Answer: a. physiological needs Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is structured such that physiological needs form the base, as they are fundamental for survival and include necessities such as food, water, shelter, and sleep. Without fulfilling physiological needs, higher-level needs cannot be adequately addressed. 2. What constitutes the peak of Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs? a. physiological needs b. love/belonging needs c. self-esteem d. self-actualization Answer: d. self-actualization Rationale: Self-actualization represents the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy, encompassing the realization of one's full potential, personal growth, and fulfillment. It signifies achieving one's aspirations and goals, indicating the culmination of psychological development. 3. Approximately how many times per year do the Nukak move to a different campsite? a. never b. twenty times c. seventy times d. more than two hundred times Answer: c. seventy times Rationale: The question refers to the nomadic lifestyle of the Nukak people. Option c correctly identifies that the Nukak move approximately seventy times per year, reflecting their nomadic existence as hunter-gatherers in the Amazon rainforest. 4. Which of the following made it possible for humans to abandon nomadic lifestyles? a. agriculture b. domestication of large animals c. a and b d. none of the above Answer: c. a and b Rationale: Both agriculture and the domestication of large animals contributed to the shift from nomadic lifestyles to settled communities. Agriculture provided a reliable food source, while domesticated animals facilitated transportation, labor, and food production, enabling the establishment of permanent settlements. 5. Historically, in most human cultures marriages have been a. based upon love. b. arranged by friends. c. arranged by siblings. d. arranged by parents. Answer: d. arranged by parents. Rationale: Throughout history, arranged marriages arranged by parents have been prevalent in many cultures, with considerations such as family alliances, social status, and economic factors often outweighing romantic love. 6. Prior to the industrial revolution most Americans lived a. on farms. b. in the suburbs. c. in cities.. d. by oceans. Answer: a. on farms. Rationale: Before the industrial revolution, the majority of Americans lived in rural areas and worked in agriculture, as farming was the primary means of sustenance and livelihood. 7. Which developmental stage was proposed after the industrial revolution? a. childhood b. adolescence c. emerging adulthood d. adulthood Answer: b. adolescence Rationale: The concept of adolescence as a distinct developmental stage emerged after the industrial revolution, as societal changes, such as increased education and delayed entry into the workforce, prolonged the transition from childhood to adulthood. 8. Which developmental stage was proposed after the increased need for advanced education? a. childhood b. adolescence c. emerging adulthood d. adulthood Answer: c. emerging adulthood Rationale: Emerging adulthood is a developmental stage proposed to describe the period of exploration and identity formation between adolescence and full adulthood. It emerged as advanced education and prolonged career preparation became more common, delaying traditional markers of adulthood. 9. Research has indicated that improving self-esteem _____ school performance and improving school performance _____ self-esteem. a. improves; improves b. improves; has no effect on c. has no effect on; improves d. has no effect on; has no effect on Answer: c. has no effect on; improves Rationale: Research suggests that improving self-esteem does not necessarily lead to improved school performance, but improved school performance can positively impact self-esteem by providing a sense of competence and achievement. 10. Compared with traditional cultures, technologically advanced cultures are able to dedicate much more time to a. the peak of Maslow’s pyramid. b. the base of Maslow’s pyramid. c. all of Maslow’s pyramid. d. sleep. Answer: a. the peak of Maslow’s pyramid. Rationale: Technologically advanced cultures often have more resources and stability, allowing individuals to focus on higher-level needs such as self-actualization, creativity, and personal growth, which are represented at the peak of Maslow's hierarchy. 11. According to Friedman, the “world is becoming flat” as the result of a. natural disasters. b. technology. c. bridges. d. language. Answer: b. technology. Rationale: Thomas Friedman's concept of the "world is becoming flat" refers to the leveling of the global economic playing field due to advancements in technology, particularly in communication and information exchange. These advancements have facilitated globalization and increased interconnectedness among individuals and nations. Test Bank for Adaptive Learning and the Human Condition Jeffrey C. Levy 9780205950775
