Chapter 15: Speaking in Community Settings 15.1 Multiple Choice 1. Special occasion speeches are sensitive to a. community needs and expectations. b. persuading an audience. c. the speaker's expectations. d. creating cognitive dissonance. Answer: a. community needs and expectations. Rationale: Special occasion speeches are meant to be relevant and meaningful to the specific audience and occasion. Therefore, they need to be sensitive to the needs and expectations of the community being addressed. 2. The purpose of the speech of introduction is to a. motivate the audience to like and respect the speaker. b. express a sentiment of gratitude. c. create an aura of good feeling in the audience. d. express a sentiment of hospitality. Answer: a. motivate the audience to like and respect the speaker. Rationale: The primary objective of a speech of introduction is to create a positive impression of the speaker, motivating the audience to like and respect them even before they start speaking. 3. The scope of a speech of introduction is to a. indicate for whom you are speaking. b. extend a public greeting. c. evaluate the proposed solution. d. define the problem. Answer: a. indicate for whom you are speaking. Rationale: The scope of a speech of introduction is to clearly and concisely introduce the speaker, indicating who they are and why they are speaking. 4. The more respected the speaker, the __________ the speech of introduction. a. more detailed b. longer c. shorter d. more creative Answer: c. shorter Rationale: The more respected the speaker, the less need there is to elaborate in the introduction. A brief, respectful introduction is sufficient. 5. The less well-known the speaker, the __________ the speech of introduction. a. more creative b. less creative c. shorter d. longer Answer: a. more creative Rationale: For a less well-known speaker, a more creative introduction can help engage the audience and generate interest in the speaker's presentation. 6. The __________ speech is designed to introduce a speaker. a. courtesy b. awards c. introduction d. toast Answer: c. introduction Rationale: The introduction speech is specifically designed to introduce a speaker to an audience. 7. Cynthia has been asked to prepare and deliver a speech of introduction for the keynote speaker of the local Speech Association's conference. What is Cynthia's main objective in the speech? a. to create in others a desire to hear the speaker that is being introduced b. to thank the group for being at the conference c. to welcome the group membership d. to pay tribute to the speaker Answer: a. to create in others a desire to hear the speaker that is being introduced Rationale: Cynthia's main objective in the speech of introduction is to generate interest and excitement about the keynote speaker, encouraging the audience to pay attention and listen attentively. 8. A(n) __________ speech arouses curiosity about the speaker and the subject and motivates the audience to like and respect the speaker. a. after-dinner b. introduction c. greeting d. toast Answer: b. introduction Rationale: An introduction speech is meant to pique the audience's interest in the speaker and their topic, as well as establish a positive perception of the speaker. 9. Which of the following is NOT a guideline for a speech of introduction? a. be brief b. use humor if it suits the occasion c. verbalize your own views on the subject of the speaker's message d. talk about the speaker Answer: c. verbalize your own views on the subject of the speaker's message Rationale: A speech of introduction should focus on the speaker and their accomplishments, not the views of the person giving the introduction. 10. The one thing that speeches of introduction, speeches of courtesy, and speeches to entertain must use is a. appropriateness. b. logical appeal. c. definitions. d. solutions. Answer: a. appropriateness. Rationale: Regardless of the type of speech, it is essential that the content and tone are appropriate for the occasion and audience. 11. All of the following are speeches of courtesy EXCEPT a. objections. b. welcomes. c. responses. d. acceptances. Answer: a. objections. Rationale: Speeches of courtesy are meant to express respect, esteem, or admiration. Objections, on the other hand, are expressions of disagreement or disapproval, which do not align with the purpose of courtesy speeches. 12. The four virtues of a speech of introduction are brevity, sincerity, enthusiasm, and a. confidence. b. cohesiveness. c. tact. d. motivation. Answer: c. tact. Rationale: Tact is important in a speech of introduction to ensure that the introduction is respectful and appropriate for the occasion and the speaker. 13. When you give a speech in which your job is to extend a public greeting, what type of speech are you giving? a. response b. welcome c. acceptance d. toast Answer: b. welcome Rationale: A welcome speech is delivered to greet and welcome an audience, typically at the beginning of an event or gathering. 14. Which of the following is an example of a speech of courtesy? a. a basketball coach's half-time speech b. a eulogy at a funeral c. a mayor's state of the city address d. a community leader acknowledging the honor of receiving an award Answer: d. a community leader acknowledging the honor of receiving an award Rationale: A speech acknowledging the honor of receiving an award is an example of a speech of courtesy, as it expresses respect and gratitude. 15. Which of the following is an example of a speech of courtesy? a. welcome b. objection c. persuasion d. explanation Answer: a. welcome Rationale: A welcome speech is a form of courtesy that expresses respect and hospitality towards the audience or guests. 16. When a speaker acknowledges the importance of the activity being recognized, it is called a(n) a. welcome speech. b. toast. c. acceptance speech. d. response speech. Answer: c. acceptance speech. Rationale: An acceptance speech is delivered to acknowledge and accept an award or recognition, often by acknowledging the importance of the activity or organization presenting the award. 17. The scope and content of a speech of courtesy is to a. be brief. b. stress the appropriateness of the subject. c. illustrate; don't argue. d. use tact. Answer: c. illustrate; don't argue. Rationale: A speech of courtesy should focus on illustrating respect, admiration, or gratitude, rather than trying to persuade or argue a point. 18. When Quinton gave a toast to his best friend, Kevin, at Kevin's wedding, he was giving a speech of a. courtesy. b. entertainment. c. introduction. d. persuasion. Answer: a. courtesy. Rationale: A toast is a gesture of goodwill and best wishes, often delivered to honor or celebrate someone, making it a form of courtesy speech. 19. When Mason, the basketball announcer, greeted the visiting basketball team, he was giving a speech of a. courtesy. b. entertainment. c. introduction. d. rebuttal. Answer: a. courtesy. Rationale: Greeting the visiting basketball team is an act of courtesy, expressing respect and sportsmanship. 20. Toasts can be also be considered speeches of a. welcome. b. acceptance. c. tribute. d. anticipation. Answer: c. tribute. Rationale: A toast is often a tribute or a form of honor, expressing admiration or respect for the person or occasion being toasted. 21. When Chauncey Billups was presented the Most Valuable Player award at the Piston's reception dinner, he gave a speech thanking the league for recognizing him. What kind of speech did Billups give? a. welcome b. acceptance c. introduction d. toast Answer: b. acceptance Rationale: Billups gave an acceptance speech, which is a speech given in response to receiving an award or recognition, typically expressing gratitude and acknowledgment. 22. You have been told that you are going to receive an award at a banquet. As you contemplate the speech, what is the best advice that you can be given? a. You will want to be brief and acknowledge the importance of the activity. b. You will want to speak for 20 to 30 minutes on your political views. c. You should simply say "Thank you" and return to your seat. d. You should try your skills as an impromptu speaker. Answer: a. You will want to be brief and acknowledge the importance of the activity. Rationale: When receiving an award, it is important to give a brief speech that acknowledges the significance of the award and expresses gratitude, rather than speaking at length or avoiding a speech altogether. 23. After-dinner speeches are speeches whose purpose is to a. persuade. b. inform. c. entertain. d. welcome. Answer: c. entertain. Rationale: After-dinner speeches are meant to entertain the audience, often with humor or engaging stories, rather than to persuade, inform, or welcome. 24. Speeches to entertain usually work a. as slapstick comedy. b. when paying tribute. c. within a cultural framework. d. when a pun is used. Answer: c. within a cultural framework. Rationale: Speeches to entertain are most effective when they are culturally relevant and resonate with the audience's cultural background and experiences. 25. In order for an after-dinner speech to be effective, it must be a. serious. b. impromptu. c. enjoyable. d. condescending. Answer: c. enjoyable. Rationale: After-dinner speeches are meant to be enjoyable and entertaining for the audience, rather than serious or condescending. 26. A speech to entertain is a(n) a. comic monologue. b. humorous speech without a point of view. c. humorous speech with a point of view. d. speech to commemorate. Answer: c. humorous speech with a point of view. Rationale: A speech to entertain is typically a humorous speech that also conveys a particular perspective or message, making it more engaging for the audience. 27. In the __________ speech the main purpose is to entertain, however, they are also serious in their force or demand on audiences. a. introduction b. welcome c. persuasive d. after-dinner Answer: d. after-dinner Rationale: After-dinner speeches are primarily meant to entertain, but they can also have a serious impact on the audience by engaging them emotionally or intellectually. 28. The scope of the speech to entertain is to a. relate a story or anecdote. b. indicated for whom you are speaking. c. illustrate; don't argue. d. talk about the speaker. Answer: a. relate a story or anecdote. Rationale: The main purpose of a speech to entertain is to engage the audience with a story, anecdote, or other form of narrative that is engaging and enjoyable. 29. All of the following are guidelines for speeches to entertain EXCEPT a. stating the main idea or point of view in the introduction. b. presenting complimentary facts about the person. c. relating a story or anecdote, presenting an illustration, or quoting an appropriate passage. d. closing with restatement of the central point you have developed. Answer: b. presenting complimentary facts about the person. Rationale: Speeches to entertain should focus on engaging the audience with stories, anecdotes, or humor, rather than presenting factual information about a person. 30. Group cohesiveness can be created through a. narratives. b. humor. c. questioning. d. courtesy. Answer: b. humor. Rationale: Humor has a unique ability to foster group cohesiveness by promoting positive emotions, reducing tension, and creating a sense of camaraderie among group members. Shared laughter and enjoyment can help strengthen social bonds and enhance communication within the group. Additionally, humor can serve as an icebreaker, easing interpersonal interactions and encouraging collaboration. Therefore, incorporating humor into group interactions can contribute significantly to building and maintaining group cohesiveness. While narratives (a), questioning (c), and courtesy (d) can also play roles in promoting group cohesion to some extent, humor stands out as a particularly effective tool for fostering a sense of unity and connection among group members. 15.2 True/False 1. A community is a group of people who think of themselves as a bonded group. Answer: True Rationale: A community is defined by the shared sense of identity and connection among its members, which is reflected in their perception of being bonded together. 2. A community is a group of people who think of themselves as bonded together. The phrase, who think of themselves, is the key phrase. Answer: True Rationale: The key aspect of a community is the perception of belonging and unity among its members, which is captured in the phrase "who think of themselves." 3. The goal of speeches of introduction is to arouse curiosity about the speaker and the subject in the minds of the listeners. Answer: True Rationale: Speeches of introduction are meant to generate interest and curiosity about the speaker and their topic, setting the stage for the main presentation. 4. The better known or more respected a speaker is, the shorter your introduction needs to be. Answer: True Rationale: A shorter introduction is sufficient for a well-known or respected speaker, as the audience is already familiar with them and their credentials. 5. One scope of a speech of introduction is to illustrate; don't argue. Answer: False Rationale: The scope of a speech of introduction is to introduce the speaker, provide context for their presentation, and generate interest in their topic. It is not about illustrating or arguing a point. 6. The purpose of the speech of introduction is to welcome all visitors. Answer: False Rationale: While a welcome may be part of a speech of introduction, the main purpose is to introduce the speaker to the audience and create a positive impression of them. 7. If you are invited to give a speech of introduction, your main objective would be to create a desire in others to hear you. Answer: False Rationale: The main objective of a speech of introduction is to create a desire in others to hear the speaker being introduced, not the person giving the introduction. 8. The purpose of the speech of introduction is to introduce a speaker to the audience. Answer: True Rationale: The primary purpose of a speech of introduction is to introduce the speaker, providing the audience with information about who they are and why they are speaking. 9. Speeches of introduction emphasize the importance of the speaker. Answer: False Rationale: While speeches of introduction highlight the speaker's credentials and background, their primary focus is on creating a positive impression and generating interest in the speaker and their topic. 10. A speech presenting an award is a speech of introduction. Answer: False Rationale: A speech presenting an award is a different type of speech, focusing on acknowledging and honoring the recipient, rather than introducing a speaker. 11. The less well-known the speaker, the shorter the introduction should be. Answer: False Rationale: The less well-known the speaker, the longer the introduction should be, as more background information may be needed to establish their credibility and context. 12. The less well-known the speaker, the longer the introduction. Answer: True Rationale: For a less well-known speaker, a longer introduction may be necessary to provide the audience with sufficient information about the speaker's background and qualifications. 13. The four virtues of a speech of introduction are tact, brevity, sincerity, and enthusiasm. Answer: True Rationale: These virtues help ensure that the introduction is respectful, concise, genuine, and engaging, setting a positive tone for the speaker's presentation. 14. Speeches of courtesy explicitly acknowledge the presence or qualities of the audience or of a member of the audience. Answer: True Rationale: Speeches of courtesy are meant to show respect and consideration for the audience or specific individuals within the audience, often by acknowledging their presence or qualities. 15. In a speech of introduction, humor can be used if it suits the occasion. Answer: True Rationale: Humor can help engage the audience and create a positive atmosphere, but it should be used judiciously and in a way that is appropriate for the occasion. 16. The speeches of courtesy should present complimentary facts about the person or persons to whom you are extending the courtesy. Answer: True Rationale: Speeches of courtesy often include complimentary remarks about the person or persons being acknowledged, highlighting their positive qualities or achievements. 17. Speeches of courtesy have a double purpose. Answer: True Rationale: Speeches of courtesy not only acknowledge and honor individuals or groups but also help strengthen relationships and foster goodwill among those involved. 18. Speeches of courtesy should indicate for whom you're speaking. Answer: True Rationale: It is important to clarify on whose behalf you are speaking in a speech of courtesy, as this helps establish the context and purpose of the speech. 19. The purpose of an acceptance speech is to thank a group for an award. Answer: True Rationale: An acceptance speech is typically given to express gratitude and appreciation for an award or recognition received from a group or organization. 20. Toasts are the same as a welcome speech. Answer: False Rationale: While both toasts and welcome speeches can be used to greet and acknowledge others, a toast is typically a brief expression of goodwill or best wishes, often accompanied by a drink, while a welcome speech is more formal and may include additional remarks or information. 21. One of the principles of speeches of courtesy is to illustrate and argue. Answer: False Rationale: The principle of speeches of courtesy is to illustrate; don't argue. These speeches are meant to show respect and appreciation, rather than engage in argumentation. 22. The scope and content of a speech of courtesy is to illustrate; don't argue. Answer: True Rationale: The main purpose of a speech of courtesy is to illustrate respect, admiration, or gratitude, rather than to argue a point or persuade the audience. 23. A speech accepting an award is an example of a speech to entertain. Answer: False Rationale: A speech accepting an award is not typically meant to entertain, but rather to express gratitude and acknowledgment for the award received. 24. An after-dinner speech's purpose is to inform. Answer: False Rationale: The purpose of an after-dinner speech is to entertain, often with humor or engaging stories, rather than to inform or educate. 25. The supporting materials that are used in an after-dinner speech should be selected for the purpose of persuading. Answer: False Rationale: In an after-dinner speech, supporting materials are selected to entertain and engage the audience, not to persuade them. 26. An after-dinner speech is the same as a persuasive speech. Answer: False Rationale: An after-dinner speech is meant to entertain, while a persuasive speech is meant to persuade or convince the audience to take a certain action or adopt a particular viewpoint. 27. Humor with a specific point is an important aspect of a speech to entertain. Answer: True Rationale: Humor with a specific point can make a speech more engaging and memorable, helping to entertain the audience. 28. An after-dinner speech can be given as an impromptu speech. Answer: False Rationale: While an after-dinner speech can be informal, it is typically prepared in advance to ensure that it is entertaining and engaging. 29. A speech to entertain is a comic monologue. Answer: False Rationale: A speech to entertain can take many forms, including humorous stories, anecdotes, or presentations, not just a comic monologue. 30. Group cohesiveness can be created through humor. Answer: True Rationale: Humor has been shown to be an effective tool for building group cohesiveness. When individuals share laughter and enjoy humorous interactions, it fosters positive emotions, reduces tension, and strengthens social bonds among group members. Humor can serve as an icebreaker, promoting open communication and creating a sense of camaraderie within the group. Additionally, humor can help alleviate stress and conflicts, leading to a more cohesive and cooperative group dynamic. Therefore, the statement is true as humor plays a significant role in enhancing group cohesiveness. 15.3 Short Answer 1. What is the purpose of special occasion speeches? Answer: The purpose of a special occasion speech is to recognize and reflect community or group interests. 2. Define the word "community". Answer: Community is a group of people who think of themselves as bonded together—whether by blood, locale, nationality, race, occupation, gender, or other shared attributes. 3. What are the four types of speeches? Answer: Speeches of introduction, speeches of courtesy, speeches to entertain, and speeches to stimulate. 4. What are the two goals of speeches of introduction? Answer: (1) to arouse curiosity about the speaker and the subject in the minds of the listeners so that it will be easier to capture their attention, and (2) to motivate the audience to like and respect the speaker so audience members will tend to respond favorably to the information or proposal. 5. Explain the design of speeches of introduction. Answer: Speeches of introduction are designed to prepare the community (the audience) to accept the featured speaker and his/her message. 6. What guidelines should you consider when making a speech of introduction? Answer: The guidelines that you should consider when making a speech of introduction are: be brief, talk about the speaker, emphasize the importance of the speaker's subject, stress the appropriateness of the subject or the speaker, and use humor if it is appropriate. 7. Name four types of speeches of courtesy. Answer: (1) welcomes, (2) responses, (3) acceptances, and (4) toasts. 8. What are speeches of courtesy? Give an example. Answer: Speeches of courtesy acknowledge the presence of an audience or an audience member. The answers may vary, however, the answer can include examples of speeches of welcome, accepting an award, or commemorative speeches. An example of a courtesy speech is if a speaker is welcoming elementary school students to the Institute of Arts. 9. Explain what is meant by the principle, "Illustrate; don't argue." Answer: Illustrate; don't argue means to make sure that the information that is being given is factual and paints a clear picture of the significance of the occasion. Keep in mind that this is not a time for you to voice your disagreement or your viewpoint on the topic. Your goal is to try to reinforce the thoughts that are already in the minds of the listeners. 10. If you are giving a speech of acceptance, what concept should you keep in mind? Answer: If you are giving a speech of acceptance, plan a brief speech based on acknowledging the audience and the importance of the activity being recognized. 11. What are the three principles for giving a courtesy speech? Answer: (1) inform the audience for whom you're speaking, (2) provide complimentary facts about the person(s) to whom you are extending the courtesy, and (3) illustrate; don't argue. 12. List the four ways that a speaker should formulate the content for a speech to entertain. Answer: (1) Relate a story or anecdote, present an illustration, or quote an appropriate passage; (2) State the main idea or point of view implied by your opening; (3) Follow with a series of additional stories, anecdotes, quips, or illustrations that amplify or illuminate your central idea; arrange those supporting materials so they’re thematically connected; (4) Close with restatement of the central point you have developed. 13. What type of speech is an after-dinner speech? Answer: An after-dinner speech is a speech to entertain. 14. Explain the difference between a comic monologue and an after-dinner speech. Answer: A comic monologue is a speech whose primary purpose is to use humor. Comic monologues can be used to make fun of a person or a situation. The after-dinner speech uses humor to make a serious point. The humor in an after-dinner speech is relevant to the central theme being presented, whereas the comic monologue may have several themes that are not relevant to each other. 15. Explain how humor can be used to create group cohesiveness in political settings. Answer: Using humorous stories about the opposition when campaigning can make one's party feel more cohesive. It is the humor about the opposition that makes the party feel as if they are the "better" party. 15.4 Essay Questions 1. Summarize the chapter on Speaking in Community Settings. Answer: There are five areas to be summarized for the chapter: (1) Special occasions often call for speeches that reflect community or group interests; (2) Speeches of introduction prepare an audience by arousing their curiosity and motivating listeners to respond positively to the speaker and the message; (3) Speeches of courtesy acknowledge the presence of qualities of special individuals or audiences, such as welcoming visitors, responding to greetings, accepting awards, or offering toasts; (4) While challenging, speeches to entertain can range from speeches that are merely funny to speeches that generate greater audience cohesion; (5) the last category is speeches to stimulate. 2. You are asked to give a speech of introduction for the mayor of your city who will address your community group. Write a brief speech of introduction. Answer: The exact wording may vary, however, the student should include the information from the textbook regarding formulating the content for a speech of introduction (tact, brevity, sincerity, and enthusiasm). 3. Name and explain the principles for formulating speeches of courtesy. Answer: (1) Indicate for whom you're speaking. This means to speak on behalf of the entire group, not just yourself. (2) Present complimentary facts about the person(s) to whom you are extending the courtesy. This means to review or summarize the accolades of the person or group you're greeting or whose gift or welcome you're acknowledging. (3) Illustrate; don't argue. The idea behind this principle is to be brief about the facts. Avoid your opinion or view on the topic, person, or event. Remember that you are trying to reinforce the ideas that the audience already has about the situation. 4. What is the difference between a speech of acceptance and offering a toast? Answer: Although the speech of acceptance and offering a toast fall in the category of speeches of courtesy, the speech of acceptance is a speech in which a person is speaking on behalf of the individual or a group thanking the audience for the award received. The toasts are seen as acts of tribute. They generally recognizes the achievements of an individual and expresses the hope that the person will continue to achieve distinction. Test Bank for Principles of Public Speaking Kathleen M. German, Bruce E. Gronbeck, Douglas Ehninger, Alan H. Monroe 9780205857548, 9780205843893
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