CH-6 Oral Medications – Dosage Calculations: A Multi-Method Approach : Exam Guide

Chapter 6 1. The physician writes an order for Atacand 16 mg. Each tablet contains 8 mg. How many tablets would you administer? 1. 1/2 of a tablet 2. 5 tablets 3. 2 tablets 4. 1/5 of a tablet Answer: 3 Rationale: 8 mg per 1 tab; 16 mg per 2 tab. 2. The physician writes an order for furosemide (Lasix) 120 mg. Each table contains 40 mg. How many tablets would you administer? 1. 3 tablets 2. 4 tablets 3. 3 1/2 tablets 4. 5 tablets Answer: 1 Rationale: 40 mg per 1 tablet. 3. The physician writes an order for meclizine hydrochloride (Antivert) 25 mg. Each tablet contains 12.5 mg. How many tablets would you administer? 1. 1/2 tablet 2. 4 tablets 3. 2 tablets 4. 5 tablets Answer: 3 Rationale: 12.5 mg per 1 tablet. 4. The physician writes an order for levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid) 75 micrograms. Each table contains 0.025 mg. How many tablets would you administer? 1. 300 tablets 2. 3 1/3 tablets 3. 3 tablets 4. 30 tablets Answer: 3 Rationale: Convert 0.025 mg to 25 micrograms; 25 mcg per 1 tablet. 5. The physician writes an order for ziprasidone hydrochloride (Geodon) 80 mg. Each tablet contains 20 mg. How many tablets would you administer? 1. 16 tablets 2. 2 1/2 tablets 3. 4 tablets 4. 1/4 tablet Answer: 3 Rationale: 20 mg per 1 tablet. 6. The physician orders phenytoin (Dilantin) 85 mg. The suspension contains 125 mg in 5 mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 3.4 mL 2. 7 mL 3. 1 1/3 mL 4. 2 mL Answer: 1 Rationale: 125 mg per 5 mL. 7. The physician orders digoxin (Lanoxin) 125 micrograms. The elixir contains 0.25 mg per mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 0.002 mL 2. 0.5 mL 3. 0.02 mL 4. 2 mL Answer: 2 Rationale: Convert 0.25 mg to 250 micrograms. 250 mcg per 1mL. 8. The physician orders erythromycin ethylsuccinate 280 mg. The suspension contains 400 mg per 5mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 7 mL 2. 3 mL 3. 3.5 mL 4. 0.7 mL Answer: 3 Rationale: 400 mg per 5 mL 9. The physician orders 475 mg penicillin v potassium (Pen-VK). The suspension contains 250 mg per 5mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 0.956 mL 2. 23,750 mL 3. 9.5 mL 4. 1.9 mL Answer: 3 Rationale: 250 mg per 5 mL. 10. The physician orders methadone 7.5 mg p.o. q.4h. The methadone label reads 5 mg/5mL. How many milliliters would you administer? 1. 1.5 mL 2. 0.3 mL 3. 0.75 mL 4. 7.5 mL Answer: 4 Rationale: 5 mg per 5 mL. 11. The physician orders magnesium sulfate (epsom salt) 3.2 mEq. The solution contains 0.8 mEq per mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 0.4 mL 2. 40 mL 3. 4 mL 4. 2.5 mL Answer: 3 Rationale: 0.8mEq per 1 mL. 12. The physician orders potassium gluconate (Kaylixir) 45 mEq. The solution contains 20 mEq per 15 mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 60 mL 2. 2.4 mL 3. 33.75 mL 4. 24 mL Answer: 3 Rationale: 20 mEq per 15 mL. 13. The physician orders potassium chloride (Slow-K) 80 mEq. The solution contains 40 mEq per 15 ml. How many mL would you administer? 1. 30 mL 2. 213.3 mL 3. 2.13 mL 4. 300 mL Answer: 1 Rationale: 40 mEq per 15 mL. 14. The physician orders potassium chloride 1.25 mEq for a pediatric client. The solution contains 45 mEq per 15 mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 3.75 mL 2. 0.42 mL 3. 0.38 mL 4. 0.41 mL Answer: 2 Rationale: 45 mEq per 15 mL. 15. The physician orders potassium chloride 25 mEq p.o. q.8h. for an adult with hypokalemia. If the recommended adult dose is 10 – 100 mEq/d p.o. in divided doses, is the prescribed dose in the safe range? ______ Answer: Yes Rationale: Q.8h. is three doses per day. (24 ÷ 8 = 3.) One dose is 25 mEq, given three times per day (25 × 3 = 75 mEq), which is within the recommended 10 – 100 mEq/d range. 16. Using a formula, estimate the body surface area of a person whose height is 24 inches and who weighs 12 pounds. 1. 0.09 m2 2. 0.3 m2 3. 288 m2 4. 16.9 m2 Answer: 2 Rationale: 24 × 12 ÷ 3131 = 0.09 and calculating the square root = 0.3 m2. 17. Using a formula, estimate the body surface area of a person whose height is 4 feet and who weighs 85 pounds. 1. 1.13 m2 2. 0.32 m2 3. 55.9 m2 4. 1.14 m2 Answer: 4 Rationale: 1 ft = 12 inches; 4 × 12 = 48 inches. 85 lbs × 48 inches ÷ 3131 = 1.3; the square root of 1.3 = 1.14 m2. 18. Using a formula, estimate the body surface area of a person whose height is 5 feet and who weighs 150 pounds. 1. 2.87 m2 2. 1.7 m2 3. 0.23 m2 4. 0.49 m2 Answer: 2 Rationale: 1 ft = 12 inches; 5 × 12 = 60 inches. 150 lbs × 60 inches ÷ 3131 = 2.87; the square root of 2.87 = 1.7 m2 19. Using a formula, estimate the body surface area of a person whose height is 165 centimeters and who weighs 57 kilograms. 1. 0.47 m2 2. 1.55 m2 3. 1.62 m2 4. 0.45 m2 Answer: 3 Rationale: 165 × 57 ÷ 3600 = 2.62; the square root is 1.62 m2. 20. Using a formula, estimate the body surface area of a person whose height is 5 feet, 2 inches and weighs 275 pounds. 1. 5.44 m2 2. 55.9 m2 3. 2.29 m2 4. 2.33 m2 Answer: 4 Rationale: 1 ft = 12 inches; 5 × 12 = 60 + 2 = 62 inches. 275 lbs × 62 inches ÷ 3131 = 5.45; the square root of 5.45 = 2.33 m2. 21. Using a formula, estimate the body surface area of a person whose height is 187 centimeters and who weighs 91 kilograms. 1. 2.17 m2 2. 55.9 m2 3. 2.14 m2 4. 4.79 m2 Answer: 1 Rationale: 187 × 91 ÷ 3600 = 4.73; the square root is 2.17 m2. 22. The physician writes an order for a loading dose of theophylline (Lanophyllin) 5 mg/kg. The client weighs 65 kg. The medication is supplied 150 mg/15 mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 1.3 mL 2. 32.5 mL 3. 3250 mL 4. 21.7 mL Answer: 2 Rationale: The correct dosage for a 65 kg client = 5 × 65 = 325 mg. 23. The physician orders palifermin (Kepivance) 60 mcg/kg to be administered daily. The client weighs 35 kg. The medication is supplied 5 mg/mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 0.42 mL 2. 30 mL 3. 36.5 mL 4. 33.6 mL Answer: 1 Rationale: The correct dose for a 35 kg. client = 35 × 60 = 2100 mcg; 2100 mcg = 2.1 mg. 24. A patient is to receive a drug at the rate of 10 mg/kg p.o. daily. The patient weighs 93 kg. The strength of the drug is 250 mg/mL. How many milliliters should the patient receive? 1. 0.27 mL 2. 2.7 3. 37.2 mL 4. 3.7 mL Answer: 4 Rationale: The correct dosage for a 93 kg. client = 93 × 10 = 930 mg. 250 mg/1 mL = 930mg/x; cross multiply yielding 250x = 930; x = 930 ÷ 250 = 3.72 mL 25. The physician orders paclitaxel (Taxol) 135 mg/m2 to be administered over 24 hours. The client’s body surface area is 1.62 m2. The medication is supplied 6 mg/mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 1312.2 mL 2. 13.9 mL 3. 36.5 mL 4. 0.14 mL Answer: 3 Rationale: The correct dose for a client with a body surface area of 1.62 m2 = 135 × 1.62 = 218.7 mg. 26. The physician orders pemetrexed (Alimta) 500 mg/m2. The client’s body surface area is 2.14 m2. The medication is supplied 25 mg/mL. How many mL would you administer? 1. 300,000 mL 2. 42.8 mL 3. 9.3 mL 4. 5.8 mL Answer: 2 Rationale: The correct dose for a client with a body surface area of 2.14 m2 = 500 × 2.14 = 1070 mg. 27. A patient is to receive a drug at the rate of 30 mg/m2 p.o. daily. The patient has a BSA of 1.51 m2. The strength of the drug is 125 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters should the patient receive? 1. 1.8 mL 2. 0.8 mL 3. 1,132.5 mL 4. 2.76 mL Answer: 1 Rationale: The correct dose for a client with a body surface area of 1.51 m2 = 30 × 1.51 = 45.3 mg. 28. The safe dosage range for acetazolamide (Diamox) is 8 – 30 mg/kg daily in four equally divided dosages. The client weighs 93 kg. How many mg may you safely administer? 1. 744 – 2790 mg 2. 2976 – 11,160 mg 3. 74.4 – 279 mg 4. 186 – 697.5 mg Answer: 4 Rationale: 8 × 93 = 744; 30 × 93 = 2790 yielding safe daily range of 744 – 2790; in four equally divided doses 744 ÷ 4 = 186; 2790 ÷ 4 = 697.5 yielding safe range for each dose of 186 – 697.5 mg. 29. The safe-dosage range for acetaminophen (Tylenol) is 650 – 3250 mg per day. The client is taking 650 mg as needed for pain every four hours. What is the maximum number of dosages per day the client can take safely? 1. Three doses 2. Five doses 3. Six doses 4. Two doses Answer: 2 Rationale: Maximum daily dose = 3250. Each dose is 650. 3250 ÷ 650 = 5. 30. The safe dose range of digoxin (Lanoxin) for preterm neonates is 15 – 25 mcg/kg. What would the safe dosage range be for a neonate who weighs 1.6 kg? 1. 24 – 40 mcg 2. 25 mcg 3. 40 mcg 4. 9.4 – 15.6 mcg Answer: 1 Rationale: 15 × 1.6 = 24; 25 × 1.6 = 40, safe range 24 – 40 mcg. 31. The pediatric client is ordered procainamide hydrochloride (Pronestyl) 3 – 6 mg/kg to a maximum of 100 mg/dose. What would be a safe dosage for the client who weighs 35 kg? 1. 105 – 210 mg 2. 100 mg 3. 5.8 – 11.67 mg 4. 8.6 – 17.14 mg Answer: 2 Rationale: The maximum safe dose is 100 mg. 32. As a maintenance dose for an adult leukemia patient with BSA of 1.55 m2, the prescriber orders Folex (methotrexate) 50 mg p.o. twice a week. If the recommended maintenance dose is 20 – 30 mg/m2 p.o. twice a week, is the prescribed order safe? ______ Answer: No Rationale: 1.55 m2 × 30 mg/m2 = 46.5 mg (maximum). Test Bank for Dosage Calculations: A Multi-Method Approach Anthony Patrick Giangrasso, Dolores M. Shrimpton 9780132158626