Preview Extract
Chapter 6
Question 1
Medication errors have been on the rise over the past decade. A national initiative to
minimize or eliminate the errors can be supported through which of the following responses?
1. Electronic medical administration records are generated weekly and compared to the
clients' physician orders.
2. The client's medication administration record is compared to the client's identification
bracelet before the medication is given.
3. The bar codes of the nurse, client's identification bracelet, and prescription medication are
scanned and compared.
4. The client's medication administration record bar code is compared to the clients'
prescription medications.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
Scanning bar codes at the point of care decreases the probability of the nurse making
medication errors. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the right
medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right client. Bar
coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, for medications with sound-alike
names, for maximum dosages, and dosage discrepancies. All the other examples are
insufficient or are performed away from the clients themselves.
Rationale 2:
Scanning bar codes at the point of care decreases the probability of the nurse making
medication errors. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the right
medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right client. Bar
coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, for medications with sound-alike
names, for maximum dosages, and dosage discrepancies. All the other examples are
insufficient or are performed away from the clients themselves.
Rationale 3:
Scanning bar codes at the point of care decreases the probability of the nurse making
medication errors. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the right
medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right client. Bar
coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, for medications with sound-alike
names, for maximum dosages, and dosage discrepancies. All the other examples are
insufficient or are performed away from the clients themselves.
Rationale 4:
Scanning bar codes at the point of care decreases the probability of the nurse making
medication errors. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the right
medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right client. Bar
coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, for medications with sound-alike
names, for maximum dosages, and dosage discrepancies. All the other examples are
insufficient or are performed away from the clients themselves.
Question 2
Which of the following is the best example of a monitoring system?
1. Manual blood pressure of 132/82 is entered into the vital sign section of the graphic sheet.
2. The automatic blood pressure machine takes one reading of 164/104 and is turned off.
3. Blood glucose readings of 162 for 7:30 a.m. and 198 for 11:30 a.m. are obtained and
entered into the computer system.
4. A temperature probe is connected to the pulmonary artery catheter to continuously monitor
core temperature.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1:
Monitoring systems are devices that automatically monitor biometric measurements. The best
monitoring systems, such as the temperature probe, obtain data electronically and transmit the
data to be stored in the client's electronic medical record. Manual inputs are possible but are
not the best way to record data.
Rationale 2:
Monitoring systems are devices that automatically monitor biometric measurements. The best
monitoring systems, such as the temperature probe, obtain data electronically and transmit the
data to be stored in the client's electronic medical record. Manual inputs are possible but are
not the best way to record data.
Rationale 3:
Monitoring systems are devices that automatically monitor biometric measurements. The best
monitoring systems, such as the temperature probe, obtain data electronically and transmit the
data to be stored in the client's electronic medical record. Manual inputs are possible but are
not the best way to record data.
Rationale 4:
Monitoring systems are devices that automatically monitor biometric measurements. The best
monitoring systems, such as the temperature probe, obtain data electronically and transmit the
data to be stored in the client's electronic medical record. Manual inputs are possible but are
not the best way to record data.
Question 3
Which of the following supports the automation of nursing documentation?
1. The use of standardized nursing languages (SNLs) accepted by the American Nurses
Association
2. The use of a SOAP note in narrative form to support assessment of client cardiopulmonary
system
3. The use of interventions such as "turn, cough, and deep breathe" as determined by the
Nursing Interventions Classifications (NIC)
4. The use of client-specific charting by exception, addressing only exceptions to normal
5. The use of nursing diagnoses such as "Alteration of Comfort" as defined by the North
American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA)
Correct Answer: 1,3,5
Rationale 1:
Standardized nursing languages, including NANDA and NIC (also Nursing Outcomes
Classification, (NOC)), support automation of nursing documentation so that comparisons
among data may be made. These remove the ambiguity of meaning found in other
documentation systems. The SOAP note and the charting by exception choices are not
standardized and do not support the automation of nursing documentation.
Rationale 2:
Standardized nursing languages, including NANDA and NIC (also Nursing Outcomes
Classification, (NOC)), support automation of nursing documentation so that comparisons
among data may be made. These remove the ambiguity of meaning found in other
documentation systems. The SOAP note and the charting by exception choices are not
standardized and do not support the automation of nursing documentation.
Rationale 3:
Standardized nursing languages, including NANDA and NIC (also Nursing Outcomes
Classification, (NOC)), support automation of nursing documentation so that comparisons
among data may be made. These remove the ambiguity of meaning found in other
documentation systems. The SOAP note and the charting by exception choices are not
standardized and do not support the automation of nursing documentation.
Rationale 4:
Standardized nursing languages, including NANDA and NIC (also Nursing Outcomes
Classification, (NOC)), support automation of nursing documentation so that comparisons
among data may be made. These remove the ambiguity of meaning found in other
documentation systems. The SOAP note and the charting by exception choices are not
standardized and do not support the automation of nursing documentation.
Rationale 5:
Standardized nursing languages, including NANDA and NIC (also Nursing Outcomes
Classification, (NOC)), support automation of nursing documentation so that comparisons
among data may be made. These remove the ambiguity of meaning found in other
documentation systems. The SOAP note and the charting by exception choices are not
standardized and do not support the automation of nursing documentation.
Question 4
Which of these is an example of a decision support system (DSS)?
1. A system used to schedule client visits for follow up care after extensive abdominal surgery
2. A system used to register clients who are admitted to an acute health care facility for
surgery
3. A system used by emergency room administration to bill clients once their diagnoses are
verified
4. A system used by physicians to provide suggestions for diagnostic tests according to
selected admitting diagnoses
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1:
The correct answer is a system used by physicians to provide suggestions for diagnostic tests
according to selected admitting diagnoses. These suggestions may be followed or ignored,
depending on the health care provider. A DSS assists with and strengthens the selection of
viable options using the information of an organization or a field to facilitate decision making
and overall efficiency. Your choice is an example of an administrative information system
application.
Rationale 2:
The correct answer is a system used by physicians to provide suggestions for diagnostic tests
according to selected admitting diagnoses. These suggestions may be followed or ignored,
depending on the health care provider. A DSS assists with and strengthens the selection of
viable options using the information of an organization or a field to facilitate decision making
and overall efficiency. Your choice is an example of an administrative information system
application.
Rationale 3:
The correct answer is a system used by physicians to provide suggestions for diagnostic tests
according to selected admitting diagnoses. These suggestions may be followed or ignored,
depending on the health care provider. A DSS assists with and strengthens the selection of
viable options using the information of an organization or a field to facilitate decision making
and overall efficiency. Your choice is an example of an administrative information system
application.
Rationale 4:
A system used by physicians to provide suggestions for diagnostic tests according to selected
admitting diagnoses is indeed an example of a DSS. These suggestions may be followed or
ignored, depending on the health care provider. A DSS assists with and strengthens the
selection of viable options using the information of an organization or a field to facilitate
decision making and overall efficiency.
Question 5
Which statement indicates the nurse is correctly documenting according to a critical
pathway?
1. Nursing documentation is entered separately from that of other health care team members
2. Nursing documentation is entered in nursing diagnoses and outcome statements framework
3. Variances are identified if client outcomes are not as anticipated
4. Only one critical pathway is selected at a given time for a given client
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
When using the critical pathway or protocols approach to nursing documentation, the system
should identify variances to the anticipated outcomes as they are charted and provide
aggregate variance data for analysis by the providers. This information can be used to fine
tune and improve the critical pathways, thereby contributing to improved client outcomes.
Rationale 2:
When using the critical pathway or protocols approach to nursing documentation, the system
should identify variances to the anticipated outcomes as they are charted and provide
aggregate variance data for analysis by the providers. This information can be used to fine
tune and improve the critical pathways, thereby contributing to improved client outcomes.
Rationale 3:
When using the critical pathway or protocols approach to nursing documentation, the system
should identify variances to the anticipated outcomes as they are charted and provide
aggregate variance data for analysis by the providers. This information can be used to fine
tune and improve the critical pathways, thereby contributing to improved client outcomes.
Rationale 4:
When using the critical pathway or protocols approach to nursing documentation, the system
should identify variances to the anticipated outcomes as they are charted and provide
aggregate variance data for analysis by the providers. This information can be used to fine
tune and improve the critical pathways, thereby contributing to improved client outcomes.
Question 6
Which of these is an advantage of implementing a computerized order entry system?
1. Physicians argue for the option to continue traditional methods for ordering
2. Each department is notified simultaneously as orders are processed through the system
3. Increased system access or response time is available to the health care provider
4. Clinicians readily accept the new system, related to work process changes
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
The correct answer is the simultaneous notification of orders is a benefit of computerized
order entry. Departments receive notification of new orders more quickly than in a paperbased system. Other benefits include direct entry of orders by the provider (e.g., physician,
nurse practitioner, physical therapist) that eliminates issues related to illegible handwriting
and transcription errors, checking orders for accuracy and completeness, and speeding the
implementation of ordered diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. Computerized order
entry also enhances staff productivity, saves money, promotes safety, and improves outcomes
when used in conjunction with evidence-based practices.
Rationale 2:
The simultaneous notification of orders is an advantage of computerized order entry.
Departments receive notification of new orders more quickly than in a paper-based system.
Other benefits include direct entry of orders by the provider (e.g., physician, nurse
practitioner, physical therapist) that eliminates issues related to illegible handwriting and
transcription errors, checking orders for accuracy and completeness, and speeding the
implementation of ordered diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. Computerized order
entry also enhances staff productivity, saves money, promotes safety, and improves outcomes
when used in conjunction with evidence-based practices.
Rationale 3:
The correct answer is the simultaneous notification of orders is a benefit of computerized
order entry. Departments receive notification of new orders more quickly than in a paperbased system. Other benefits include direct entry of orders by the provider (e.g., physician,
nurse practitioner, physical therapist) that eliminates issues related to illegible handwriting
and transcription errors, checking orders for accuracy and completeness, and speeding the
implementation of ordered diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. Computerized order
entry also enhances staff productivity, saves money, promotes safety, and improves outcomes
when used in conjunction with evidence-based practices.
Rationale 4:
The correct answer is the simultaneous notification of orders is a benefit of computerized
order entry. Departments receive notification of new orders more quickly than in a paperbased system. Other benefits include direct entry of orders by the provider (e.g., physician,
nurse practitioner, physical therapist) that eliminates issues related to illegible handwriting
and transcription errors, checking orders for accuracy and completeness, and speeding the
implementation of ordered diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. Computerized order
entry also enhances staff productivity, saves money, promotes safety, and improves outcomes
when used in conjunction with evidence-based practices.
Question 7
Which of the following is characteristic of an automated radiology information system (RIS)?
1. Once a test is completed, the film is scanned to an optical imaging disc.
2. As each test is ordered, the user is prompted to answer questions such as the purpose of the
test.
3. Images may be faxed to other institutions for timely consultations.
4. As soon as the test is performed, the system interprets the results and sends an electronic
report.
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
Automated radiology information systems create specific questionnaires to ensure
reimbursement and individualize client care. Your answer is incorrect because physicians
must still review the film and interpret the images; and images are digitally created and stored
automatically.
Rationale 2:
Automated RIS creates specific questionnaires to ensure reimbursement and individualized
client care. Physicians must still review the film and interpret the images, and images are
digitally created and stored automatically.
Rationale 3:
Automated radiology information systems create specific questionnaires to ensure
reimbursement and individualized client care. Your answer is incorrect because physicians
must still review the film and interpret the images, and images are digitally created and stored
automatically. Only the report can be faxed.
Rationale 4:
Automated radiology information systems create specific questionnaires to ensure
reimbursement and individualize client care. Your answer is incorrect because physicians
must still review the film and interpret the images, and images are digitally created and stored
automatically.
Question 8
Which of the following are true about using automated pharmacy systems?
1. An automated system pulls in laboratory results and client information from the HIS more
quickly to identify allergy and interaction problems.
2. Costs for operating automated pharmacy systems are not as important as the improved
communication among departments.
3. Expenses used in starting up an automated pharmacy system are considerable, including
personnel training.
4. The use of these systems is limited only to pharmacists.
5. Individual client data is integrated and provides the pharmacist with up-to-date
information.
Correct Answer: 1,5
Rationale 1:
Automated systems can pull in laboratory results and client information from the HIS more
quickly and accurately identifying allergy and interaction problems.
Rationale 2:
Automation of previously manual processes can result in significant cost savings; however,
the organization must consider the initial cost when selecting the software. Pharmacy systems
offer many benefits that promote cost containment, improve the quality of care, and decrease
medication errors.
Rationale 3:
Pharmacy systems offer many benefits that promote cost containment, improve the quality of
care, and decrease medication errors.
Rationale 4:
These systems can be used by a variety of health care professionals who perform activities
related to the ordering, dispensing, and administration of medications.
Rationale 5:
All information obtained related to an individual client is integrated and provides the
pharmacist with up-to-date information. This helps to provide accurate information and
promote client safety.
Question 9
___________________________ aid in and strengthen the selection of viable options using
the information of an organization or a field to facilitate decision making and overall
efficiency.
Correct Answer: Decision support systems
Rationale:
Decision support systems aid in and strengthen the selection of viable options using the
information of an organization or a field to facilitate decision making and overall efficiency.
Decision support software organizes information to fit new environments. It provides analysis
and advice to support a choice. The final decision rests with the practitioner.
Question 10
____________________________ are large, computerized database management systems
that support several types of activities that may include provider order entry, result retrieval,
documentation, and decision support across distributed locations.
Correct Answer: Clinical information systems
Rationale:
Clinical information systems (CISs) are large, computerized database management systems
that support several types of activities that may include provider order entry, result retrieval,
documentation, and decision support across distributed locations.
Question 11
A nursing information system should identify variances to the anticipated outcomes as they
are charted and provide aggregate variance data for analysis by the providers. This
information can be used to fine tune and improve _______________________________,
thereby contributing to improved client outcomes.
Correct Answer: critical pathways
Rationale :
The system should identify variances to the anticipated outcomes as they are charted and
provide aggregate variance data for analysis by the providers. This information can be used to
fine tune and improve the critical pathways, thereby contributing to improved client
outcomes. The critical pathway or protocol approach to nursing documentation is an
approach used in automated nursing information systems and it is often use in a
multidisciplinary manner, with many types of care providers accessing the system for
information and to document care.
Question 12
Which of the following describes home care information systems?
1. Supports the way that users function, and allows flexibility and improved access to
information and tools
2. Uses monitoring technology which, when integrated into information systems, provides a
way to care for the target population
3. Requires integration for the improvement of quality of care and business survival
4. Provides assistance to organizations to better manage their resources and improve
efficiency
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
Adoption of home care information systems makes use of monitoring technology which,
when integrated into information systems, provides a way to care for the target population.
Your choice describes nursing information systems.
Rationale 2:
Adoption of home care information systems makes use of monitoring technology which,
when integrated into information systems, provides a way to care for the target population.
Rationale 3:
Adoption of home care information systems makes use of monitoring technology which,
when integrated into information systems, provides a way to care for the target population.
Your choice describes long-term health information systems.
Rationale 4:
Adoption of home care information systems makes use of monitoring technology which,
when integrated into information systems, provides a way to care for the target population.
Your choice describes contract management systems.
Question 13
Which of the following systems supports the use and documentation of nursing processes and
activities, and provides tools for managing the delivery of nursing care?
1. Administrative information system
2. Nursing information system
3. Computerized provider order entry (CPOE)
4. Clinical information system
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
Administrative information systems support client care by managing financial and
demographic information and providing reporting capabilities. This category includes client
management, financial, payroll, and human resources, and quality assurance systems. Coding
systems use clinical information to generate charges for care.
Rationale 2:
Nursing information system supports the use and documentation of nursing processes and
activities, and provides tools for managing the delivery of nursing care.
Rationale 3:
CPOE is the electronic entry of patient orders directly into the system.
Rationale 4:
Clinical information systems (CISs) are large, computerized database management systems
that support several types of activities that may include provider order entry, result retrieval,
documentation, and decision support across distributed locations.
Question 14
The following answers are standardized languages used across the discipline of nursing that
allow nurses to describe nursing problems, treatments, and outcomes in a manner that is
understood by all nurses except which?
1. HIS
2. NANDA
3. NOC
4. NIC
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
HIS is an acronym for health information systems. Standardized nursing languages (SNLs)
accepted by the American Nurses Association include nursing diagnoses defined by the North
American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), Nursing Interventions Classification
(NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) and several other languages.
Rationale 2:
Standardized nursing languages (SNLs) accepted by the American Nurses Association
include nursing diagnoses defined by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association
(NANDA), Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification
(NOC) and several other languages.
Rationale 3:
Standardized nursing languages (SNLs) accepted by the American Nurses Association
include nursing diagnoses defined by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association
(NANDA), Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification
(NOC) and several other languages.
Rationale 4:
Standardized nursing languages (SNLs) accepted by the American Nurses Association
include nursing diagnoses defined by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association
(NANDA), Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification
(NOC) and several other languages.
Question 15
_____________and wireless technology can be used with CISs to allow information entry
and retrieval at the point of care or wherever it is needed by the health care professional.
Correct Answer: Mobile
Rationale:
Mobile technology can be used with CISs allow information entry and retrieval at the point of
care or wherever it is needed by the healthcare professional. This is best seen by the
healthcare professional who can view client lab results while walking or at the point of care
which enhances worker productivity because it eliminates the need to walk back to a central
location to view test results, and it improves client service because treatments can be ordered
and initiated in a more timely fashion.
Question 16
The client registration system is also known as which of the following?
1. Admission system
2. Admission/discharge/transfer system
3. Transfer system
4. Discharge system
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
The client registration system is critical to the effective operation of many other systems
within the health care setting. This system is used to collect and store client identification and
demographic data that are verified and updated at the time of each visit. For this reason, these
may also be known as admission/discharge/transfer (ADT) systems.
Rationale 2:
The client registration system is critical to the effective operation of many other systems
within the health care setting. This system is used to collect and store client identification and
demographic data that are verified and updated at the time of each visit. For this reason, these
may also be known as admission/discharge/transfer (ADT) systems.
Rationale 3:
The client registration system is critical to the effective operation of many other systems
within the health care setting. This system is used to collect and store client identification and
demographic data that are verified and updated at the time of each visit. For this reason, these
may also be known as admission/discharge/transfer (ADT) systems.
Rationale 4:
The client registration system is critical to the effective operation of many other systems
within the health care setting. This system is used to collect and store client identification and
demographic data that are verified and updated at the time of each visit. For this reason, these
may also be known as admission/discharge/transfer (ADT) systems.
Question 17
_________________________ systems use clinical information to generate charges for care.
Correct Answer: Coding
Rationale:
Administrative information systems support client care by managing financial and
demographic information and providing reporting capabilities. This category includes client
management, financial, payroll, and human resources, and quality assurance systems. Coding
systems use clinical information to generate charges for care.
Question 18
Which of the following can identify the client in all information systems across the
organization?
1. Client identification code
2. Billing system
3. Nursing information system
4. Administrative information systems
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
An important aspect of a registration system used in a multi-entity health system network is
the development of a unique client identifier. This number or identification code is used to
identify the client in all information systems across the organization and across all entities.
This enables accurate client identification, supporting the development of a longitudinal
client record that contains all clinical information available for the client.
Rationale 2:
An important aspect of a registration system used in a multi-entity health system network is
the development of a unique client identifier. This number or identification code is used to
identify the client in all information systems across the organization and across all entities.
This enables accurate client identification, supporting the development of a longitudinal
client record that contains all clinical information available for the client. The billing system
cannot be used unless there is a patient identification code.
Rationale 3:
A nursing information system using the nursing process approach should support the use and
documentation of nursing processes and provide tools for managing the delivery of nursing
care.
Rationale 4:
Administrative information systems support client care by managing financial and
demographic information and providing reporting capabilities. This category includes client
management, financial, payroll, and human resources, and quality assurance systems.
Question 19
____________________________ can be used to fine tune and improve critical pathways
thereby contributing to improved client outcomes.
Correct Answer: Variances
Rationale :
The nurse, or other care provider, can select one or more appropriate critical pathways for the
client. If more than one path is selected, the system should merge the paths to create one
“master” path or protocol. The system should identify variances to the anticipated outcomes
as they are charted and provide aggregate variance data for analysis by the providers. This
information can be used to fine tune and improve the critical pathways, thereby contributing
to improved client outcomes.
Question 20
Which of the following statements suggests that the use of mobile devices in the health care
setting can enhance patient care?
1. Personal access to patient's home address
2. Portable devices have a finite amount of space to receive instantaneous lab results.
3. The elimination of paper copies of lab reports
4. The elimination of a unit secretary position since all data is housed on the mobile device
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
The nurse does not need access to a patient's address to improve nursing care.
Rationale 2:
Space issues on handheld devices should be addressed before loading too many files and data
on it.
Rationale 3:
The ability to send results directly to secure mobile devices helps to ensure the privacy of
health information because it eliminates the need for large numbers of printouts and the need
to fax sensitive information.
Rationale 4:
The unit secretary has additional duties besides delegated retrieval of lab results.
Question 21
Clinical information systems (CISs) can have a positive impact on which of the following?
1. Pharmacy
2. Radiology
3. Order entry
4. Laboratory department
5. Nursing department
Correct Answer: 1,2,4,5
Rationale 1:
Clinicians use these systems to access client data that are used to plan, implement, and
evaluate care. Some examples of CISs include nursing, laboratory, pharmacy, radiology,
medical information systems, emergency department systems, physician practice
management systems, and long term and home care information systems.
Rationale 2:
Clinicians use these systems to access client data that are used to plan, implement, and
evaluate care. Some examples of CISs include nursing, laboratory, pharmacy, radiology,
medical information systems, emergency department systems, physician practice
management systems, and long term and home care information systems.
Rationale 3:
Clinicians use these systems to access client data that are used to plan, implement, and
evaluate care. Some examples of CISs include nursing, laboratory, pharmacy, radiology,
medical information systems, emergency department systems, physician practice
management systems, and long term and home care information systems.
Rationale 4:
Clinicians use these systems to access client data that are used to plan, implement, and
evaluate care. Some examples of CISs include nursing, laboratory, pharmacy, radiology,
medical information systems, emergency department systems, physician practice
management systems, and long term and home care information systems.
Rationale 5:
Clinicians use these systems to access client data that are used to plan, implement, and
evaluate care. Some examples of CISs include nursing, laboratory, pharmacy, radiology,
medical information systems, emergency department systems, physician practice
management systems, and long term and home care information systems.
Question 22
Which of the following can be used with CISs to allow information entry and retrieval at the
point of care or wherever it is needed by the health care professional?
1. Mobile and wireless technology
2. Computerized order entry
3. Bar coding systems
4. Monitoring systems
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
Mobile and wireless technology used with CISs allow information entry and retrieval at the
point of care or wherever it is needed by the health care professional. This is best seen by the
health care professional who can view client lab results while walking or at the point of care
which enhances worker productivity because it eliminates the need to walk back to a central
location to view test results, and it improves client service because treatments can be ordered
and initiated in a more timely fashion. Internet technology also changes the way that users
interact with CISs.
Rationale 2:
Mobile and wireless technology used with CISs allow information entry and retrieval at the
point of care or wherever it is needed by the health care professional. This is best seen by the
health care professional who can view client lab results while walking or at the point of care
which enhances worker productivity because it eliminates the need to walk back to a central
location to view test results, and it improves client service because treatments can be ordered
and initiated in a more timely fashion. Internet technology also changes the way that users
interact with CISs.
Rationale 3:
Mobile and wireless technology used with CISs allow information entry and retrieval at the
point of care or wherever it is needed by the health care professional. This is best seen by the
health care professional who can view client lab results while walking or at the point of care
which enhances worker productivity because it eliminates the need to walk back to a central
location to view test results, and it improves client service because treatments can be ordered
and initiated in a more timely fashion. Internet technology also changes the way that users
interact with CISs.
Rationale 4:
Mobile and wireless technology used with CISs allow information entry and retrieval at the
point of care or wherever it is needed by the health care professional. This is best seen by the
health care professional who can view client lab results while walking or at the point of care
which enhances worker productivity because it eliminates the need to walk back to a central
location to view test results, and it improves client service because treatments can be ordered
and initiated in a more timely fashion. Internet technology also changes the way that users
interact with CISs.
Question 23
A nursing information system is considered to be effective if which of the following goals are
accomplished?
1. Supports nursing and enhances practice
2. Collects data and creates new theories of nursing
3. Disseminates best practices and identifies variances
4. Finds medication errors and creates new protocols
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
The first goal is that the system should support the way that nurses function, allowing them
the flexibility to use the system to view data and collect necessary information, provide
quality client care, and document the client's condition and the care that was given. The
second goal is that the system should support and enhance nursing practice through improved
access to information and tools.
Rationale 2:
The system does not collect data nor create new theories.
Rationale 3:
Best practice models are created through the collection, analysis, and synthesis of data
compiled through system usage.
Rationale 4:
A nursing information system does not find medication errors or create new protocols.
Question 24
Which of the following clinical system functions allows the nurse to provide more efficient
patient care?
1. Electronic presentations
2. Order entry
3. Identification coding
4. Help desk
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
Electronic presentations can be useful in the education process but are not necessarily helpful
in improving patient care.
Rationale 2:
Clinical systems, including order entry, radiology, laboratory, pharmacy systems, and
physician management systems, give the nurse and other health care providers the support
and tools to more effectively care for clients.
Rationale 3:
Clinical systems, including order entry, radiology, laboratory, pharmacy systems, and
physician management systems, give the nurse and other health care providers the support
and tools to more effectively care for clients.
Rationale 4:
Clinical systems, including order entry, radiology, laboratory, pharmacy systems, and
physician management systems, give the nurse and other health care providers the support
and tools to more effectively care for clients.
Question 25
Which of the following are considered benefits of electronic prescriptions?
1. Eliminates phone calls for refills
2. Reviews clients drug histories before prescribing
3. Provides reminders for prescriptions
4. Alerts provider about drug reactions
5. Provides a longitudinal prescription record
Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4
Rationale 1:
-Elimination of telephone authorization for refills
-Review of clients' drug histories before ordering drugs
-Reminders to order home medications for the hospitalized client
-Alerts about drug interactions
-Checking of formulary compliance and reimbursement
-Provision of a longitudinal prescription record
Rationale 2:
-Elimination of telephone authorization for refills
-Review of clients' drug histories before ordering drugs
-Reminders to order home medications for the hospitalized client
-Alerts about drug interactions
-Checking of formulary compliance and reimbursement
-Provision of a longitudinal prescription record
Rationale 3:
-Elimination of telephone authorization for refills
-Review of clients' drug histories before ordering drugs
-Reminders to order home medications for the hospitalized client
-Alerts about drug interactions
-Checking of formulary compliance and reimbursement
-Provision of a longitudinal prescription record
Rationale 4:
-Elimination of telephone authorization for refills
-Review of clients' drug histories before ordering drugs
-Reminders to order home medications for the hospitalized client
-Alerts about drug interactions
-Checking of formulary compliance and reimbursement
-Provision of a longitudinal prescription record
Rationale 5:
-Elimination of telephone authorization for refills
-Review of clients' drug histories before ordering drugs
-Reminders to order home medications for the hospitalized client
-Alerts about drug interactions
-Checking of formulary compliance and reimbursement
-Provision of a longitudinal prescription record
Question 26
Which of the following depicts the nationwide initiative to prevent medication errors?
1. Adverse events are reported through MedWatch
2. Federal Drug Administration (FDA) rejects applications for new drug names that are
similar to older drug names.
3. Advocating clinical decision support (CDS) systems
4. Denies reimbursement for extended hospital stays based as a result of a medication error.
5. The Institute for Safe Medication Practices publishes a consumer newsletter on medication
errors.
Correct Answer: 1,2,3,5
Rationale 1:
-The FDA reviews reports that come from drug manufacturers through the agency's safety
information and adverse event reporting program, MedWatch.
-The FDA now rejects all applications for similar drug names by using a computer program
that searches for similar sounding names.
-The Institute for Safe Medication Practices accepts reports from consumers and health
professionals using collected information to publish a consumer newsletter on medication
errors.
Rationale 2:
-The FDA reviews reports that come from drug manufacturers through the agency's safety
information and adverse event reporting program, MedWatch.
-The FDA now rejects all applications for similar drug names by using a computer program
that searches for similar sounding names.
-The Institute for Safe Medication Practices accepts reports from consumers and health
professionals using collected information to publish a consumer newsletter on medication
errors.
Rationale 3:
CDS is effective in all phases of the clinical process. CPOE with CDS has been shown to
decrease medication errors by as much as 80% (Cornish, Etchells, & Knowles, 2006).
Rationale 4:
Reimbursement for patients who have been harmed is not related to the prevention of
medication errors.
Rationale 5:
-The FDA reviews reports that come from drug manufacturers through the agency's safety
information and adverse event reporting program, MedWatch.
-The FDA now rejects all applications for similar drug names by using a computer program
that searches for similar sounding names.
-The Institute for Safe Medication Practices accepts reports from consumers and health
professionals using collected information to publish a consumer newsletter on medication
errors.
Question 27
Information systems interact to provide checks and alerts throughout the medication ordering
and administration process. Which of the following are steps in this process in which bar
codes are utilized for medication ordering and administration?
1. Bar code on patient's door is scanned
2. Bar code on the medication label is scanned
3. Bar code on patient's identification bracelet is scanned
4. Bar code on patient's chart is scanned
5. Bar code on nurse's identification badge is scanned
Correct Answer: 2,3,5
Rationale 1:
To prevent errors, the nurse scans the bar codes found on his or her identification, the
patient’s identification bracelet, and on all prescription medications during the medication
administration process. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the
right medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right
patient. Bar coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, medications with
sound-alike names, dosage discrepancies, and maximum dosages.
Rationale 2:
To prevent errors, the nurse scans the bar codes found on his or her identification, the
patient’s identification bracelet, and on all prescription medications during the medication
administration process. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the
right medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right
patient. Bar coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, medications with
sound-alike names, dosage discrepancies, and maximum dosages.
Rationale 3:
To prevent errors, the nurse scans the bar codes found on his or her identification, the
patient’s identification bracelet, and on all prescription medications during the medication
administration process. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the
right medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right
patient. Bar coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, medications with
sound-alike names, dosage discrepancies, and maximum dosages.
Rationale 4:
To prevent errors, the nurse scans the bar codes found on his or her identification, the
patient’s identification bracelet, and on all prescription medications during the medication
administration process. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the
right medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right
patient. Bar coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, medications with
sound-alike names, dosage discrepancies, and maximum dosages.
Rationale 5:
To prevent errors, the nurse scans the bar codes found on his or her identification, the
patient’s identification bracelet, and on all prescription medications during the medication
administration process. These systems are designed to help the busy nurse to ensure that the
right medication is given in the correct dosage and form at the correct time for the right
patient. Bar coding systems often include warnings for high-risk drugs, medications with
sound-alike names, dosage discrepancies, and maximum dosages.
Question 28
Which type of software has been developed by the consumer to meet specific needs usually
because no suitable commercial package is available?
1. Off-the-shelf
2. Home grown
3. Administrative spreadsheets
4. Critical pathway
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
Software can be off-the-shelf or home grown. Off-the-shelf software is commercially
available. The advantage to the consumer is that someone else has borne the cost for its
development and testing. It is, however, geared to a general market and may not meet the
needs of a particular party. Homegrown software has been developed by the consumer to
meet specific needs usually because no suitable commercial package is available. The
customer bears the cost of its development, testing, and communication with other software
applications.
Rationale 2:
Software can be off-the-shelf or home grown. Off-the-shelf software is commercially
available. The advantage to the consumer is that someone else has borne the cost for its
development and testing. It is, however, geared to a general market and may not meet the
needs of a particular party. Homegrown software has been developed by the consumer to
meet specific needs usually because no suitable commercial package is available. The
customer bears the cost of its development, testing, and communication with other software
applications.
Rationale 3:
Software can be off-the-shelf or home grown. Off-the-shelf software is commercially
available. The advantage to the consumer is that someone else has borne the cost for its
development and testing. It is, however, geared to a general market and may not meet the
needs of a particular party. Homegrown software has been developed by the consumer to
meet specific needs usually because no suitable commercial package is available. The
customer bears the cost of its development, testing, and communication with other software
applications.
Rationale 4:
Software can be off-the-shelf or home grown. Off-the-shelf software is commercially
available. The advantage to the consumer is that someone else has borne the cost for its
development and testing. It is, however, geared to a general market and may not meet the
needs of a particular party. Homegrown software has been developed by the consumer to
meet specific needs usually because no suitable commercial package is available. The
customer bears the cost of its development, testing, and communication with other software
applications.
Test Bank for Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals
Toni Lee Hebda, Patricia Czar, Theresa Calderone
9780132574952, 9780132959544, 9780134711010, 9780131512627, 9780130311023, 9780805373264, 9780135205433, 9780135043943
