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ATI PHARMACOLOGY 2023/2024 PROCTORED EXAM - STUDY GUIDE
GRADED A LATEST VERSION 232 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ATI PHARMACOLOGY 2019 PROCTORED EXAM -STUDY GUIDE
1. When administering the drug senna to a patient, a health care provider must inform the
patient of which of the following
A. This drug is intended to lower blood pressure and is best used in combination with other
antihypertensives
B. This drug is not intended for long term use
C. The patient must limit his/her fiber intake
D. Advise patient to change positions slowly to limit the risk of orthostatic hypotension
Answer: B
2. When giving digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient, the health care provider notices various signs
and symptoms of an overdose. The health care provider knows to give which of the following
to reverse digoxin toxicity
A. Naloxone
B. Vitamin K
C. Digibind
D. Fluemanzil
Answer: C
3. While providing an Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, the patient asks what
the action of the drug is. As a health care provider, you explain that the action of an ACE
inhibitor is To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to
vasoconstrictor angiotensin II
A. To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor
angiotensin II
B. To inhibit reabsorption of sodium back into the body, ultimately increasing urine output
and lowering blood pressure
C. To decrease heart rate and blood pressure by competing with Beta1 and Beta2 receptors in
the heart and lungs
D. To lower blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin
Answer: A
4. Which of the following types of insulin is “long-acting”?
A. Lispro (Humalog)
B. NPH (Humulin N)
C. Regular insulin (Humulin R)
D. Glargine (Lantus)
Answer: D
5. What is the therapeutic use of metformin?
A. Lower blood pressure.
B. To diminish seizure activity.
C. The maintenance of a person’s blood glucose.
D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions.
Answer: C
6. What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug?
A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body.
B. Describes the absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion of drugs.
C. These types of drugs can be taken over the counter.
D. This addresses how various drugs affect different forms of the body.
Answer: A
7. What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? Select all that apply.
A. Suicidal thoughts
B. Monitor for seizures.
C. Bipolar disorder.
D. Migraines.
E. All of the above
Answer: E
8. What is true about food and drug precautions? Select all that apply.
A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs.
B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions.
C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather than
restricting the drug itself.
D. When one drug changes the way, another drug affects that drug.
Answer: A, B, C
9. ACE Inhibitors are used in the treatment of all EXCEPT:
A. Hypertension
B. Heart Failure
C. Hypotension
D. Diabetic nephropathy
Answer: C
10. Which of the following is used to treat migraine headaches?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Cholinesterase Inhibitors
C. ACE inhibitors
D. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs)
Answer: A
11. When administering a Serotonin Antagonist it is important to monitor for
A. Intake and output
B. Mental status changes
C. Respiratory rate
D. Anorexia
Answer: B
12. Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Vitamin K
C. Naloxone
D. Toradol
Answer: A
13. A patient has been taking hydrocodone, and opioid analgesic for their moderate pain, and
they have taken over their prescribed dose. What should you give as the antidote if they
experience toxicity?
A. Naloxone
B. N-acetylcysteine
C. Atropine
D. Digoxin immune Fab
Answer: A
14. A patient is being educated on taking levothyroxine, a drug used to balance thyroid
activity. What should you include in their education?
A. Don’t bother your health care professionals if you experience side effects
B. Take this at the same time every day
C. Thyroid tests are unnecessary while taking this drug
D. It is okay to take this drug if you have recently had a myocardial infarction
Answer: B
15. A patient states he experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a week. What
might be helpful for this patient?
A. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
B. Lithium
C. Alprazolam (Xanax)
D. Spironolactone
Answer: C
16. Which of the following is NOT an opioid or NSAID?
A. Morphine
B. Ibuprofen
C. Hydromorphone
D. Acetaminophen
Answer: D
17. Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors?
A. To assess for renal impairment
B. You must make sure the patient is receiving adequate fluid intake
C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure
D. You must assess for NSAID use
E. To assess for decreased blood pressure
Answer: C
18. Which drug goes through extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism?
A. Heparin
B. Insulin
C. Propranolol
D. Nitroglycerine
E. Warfarin
Answer: C
19. What nursing interventions should you do when a patient is on Albuterol (select all that
apply)
A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before administering
B. Monitor for changes in behavior
C. Observe for paradoxical bronchospasms
D. Assess for abdominal distention
E. Note sputum color and texture
Answer: A, C, E
20. What patient could potentially take the drug Senna?
A. A patient with an eating disorder
B. A patient who has not passed stool in 5 days
C. A patient with anal fissures
D. A patient with a history of hemorrhoids
E. A patient who has hypersensitivity
Answer: B
21. What is the category class of Lithium?
A. Antidiabetics, biguanides
B. Mood stabilizers
C. Antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants
D. Vascular headache suppressants
Answer: B
22. What do you need to teach your patient if they are taking sennosides? Select All That
Apply.
A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy
B. The medication does not cure hypothyroidism
C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown
D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used
Answer: A, C, D
23. What is the therapeutic use of Phenytoin?
A. Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal balance
B. Diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen with lessened gastroesophageal
reflux
C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias
D. Prevention of thrombus formation, prevention of extension of existing thrombi
Answer: C
24. At what amount does Acetaminophen stop controlling pain?
A. Over 1,000 mg
B. 750 mg
C. Over 1,500 mg
D. 150 mg
Answer: A
25. When should the drug Montelukast be taken
A. Use at least two hours before exercise
B. Daily in evening
C. Use two hours before exercise or daily in evening
D. None of the above
Answer: C
26. How should the oral form of albuterol be taken
A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation
B. Administer before meals with water
C. Administer after meals with water
D. Administer in the morning with milk
Answer: A
27. What should a Client taking Omeprazole report to the Heath Care Provider
A. Black, tarry stools
B. Diarrhea
C. Abdominal pain
D. All of the above
Answer: D
28. When administering an Antiulcer Agents, you should be more cautious when
administering it to
A. A healthy 27 year old patient
B. Patient with renal failure
C. Elderly patients
D. All of the above
E. Choices B & C
Answer: E
29. What is the common side effect that is normal with the initial therapy of Nitroglycerine
due to increased vasodilation?
A. Abdominal cramps
B. Calf pain
C. Headache
D. Blurred vision
Answer: C
30. Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are those two
tests? Select ALL that apply.
A. PT
B. aPTT
C. INR
D. BMP
Answer: A
31. Which of the following diuretics inhibits sodium reabsorption in the kidneys while saving
K+ and Hydrogen ions?
A. Spironolactone
B. Furosemide
C. Hydrochlorothiazide
D. Bumetanide
Answer: A
32. A nurse is about to administer Propanolol to a patient. The nurse takes the patient’s apical
pulse and documents it as 58 bmp. How should the nurse continue?
A. Administer the medication as normal
B. Cut the tablet in half and administer half of the normal dose
C. Give the XR form of the medication
D. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician
Answer: D
33. Which of the following should be monitored for patients taking diuretics? (select all that
apply)
A. Daily weight
B. Intake and output
C. Amount and location of edema
D. Appetite
E. Lung sounds
Answer: A, B, C, E
34. Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that increases cardiac output and
slows heart rate?
A. Heparin
B. Alprazolam
C. Digoxin
D. Levothyroxine
Answer: C
35. Which of the following is a potassium-sparing diuretic?
A. Furosemide
B. Spironolactone
C. Hydrochlorothiazide
D. Bumetanide
Answer: B
36. What is the antidote for Warfarin?
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin B6
Answer: C
37. A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for
transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an
indication that the client understands the instructions?
A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch."
B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
Answer: C
38. A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for a long-term use of oral prednisone
for chronic asthma. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following
adverse effects?
A. Weight Gain
B. Nervousness
C. Bradycardia
D. Constipation
Answer: A
39. A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking Digoxin. The nurse should instruct the patient
to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects? ( select all the apply)
A. Fatigue
B. Constipation
C. Anorexia
D. Rash
E. Diplopia
Answer: A, C, E
40. What is the antidote for Heparin?
A. Atropine
B. Protamine
C. Calcium Carbonate
D. Ferrous Sulfate
Answer: B
41. Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for:
A. headaches
B. cold remedy
C. neurothpathic pain
D. antianxiety
Answer: C
42. When taking Digoxin, low levels of what can cause toxicity?
A. potassium
B. calcium
C. sodium
D. magnesium
Answer: A
43. What is the category class of Valproate?
A. anticoagulant
B. antianxiety, benzodiazepines
C. anticonvulsant, vascular headache suppressant
D. mood stabilizer
Answer: C
44. When taking Nitroglycerine (transdermal), you should have how many hours nitrate free
each day?
A. 1-2 hours
B. 5-10 hours
C. 3-4 hours
D. 10-12 hours
Answer: D
45. Lithium is used to?
A. Lower blood glucose
B. slow the heart rate
C. stabilize mood
D. heal ulcers
Answer: C
46. the antidote for Warfarin is?
A. Narcan
B. Vitamin K
C. Glucagon
D. Vitamin B
Answer: B
47. When administering Phenytoin you should monitor?
A. behavior
B. therapeutic blood levels
C. for Steven Johnson syndrome
D. all of the above
Answer: D
48. Angiotension II receptor agents medications usually end in?
A. sar-tan
B. ase
C. olol
D. pril
Answer: A
49. What is the Therapeutic Effects of Lithium?
A. Prevents/decreases incidence of acute manic episodes
B. Maintenance of blood glucose
C. Control of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients
D. Diminished seizure activity
Answer: A
50. What is the action of Metformin?
A. Decrease intestinal glucose absorption
B. Increase sensitivity to insulin
C. Decrease hepatic glucose production
D. All of the above
Answer: D
51. What is the medication effectiveness of Propranolol? Select all that apply.
A. Decrease in BP
B. Prevention of MI
C. Decrease tremors
D. Decrease in GI pain and irritation
Answer: A, B, C
52. What is a common side effect of Albuterol?
A. Paradoxical Bronchospasm
B. Diarrhea
C. Seizures
D. Vision loss
Answer: A
53. What is the therapeutic use of Albuterol?
A. Bronchodilation
B. Anti-coagulant
C. Anti-arrhythmic
D. Proton-pump inhibitor
Answer: A
54. What is an expected outcome for Lithium
A. Reduced risk of myocardial infarction
B. Reduced risk of GI ulcers
C. Decrease in respiratory distress
D. Decreased incidence of acute manic episodes
Answer: D
55. What is the antidote for Heparin?
A. Warfarin
B. Protamine sulfate antidote
C. Insulin
D. Naloxone
Answer: B
56. What medication is a contraindication to Nitroglycerin
A. Hydrochloroquinone
B. Methylprednisolone
C. Phenazopyridine
D. Erectile dysfunction drugs
Answer: D
57. What is the classification of Ondansetron?
A. Antihypertensive
B. Antiarrthymia
C. Antiemetic
D. Antiulcer agent
Answer: C
58. Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that prevents thromboembolic
event?
A. Warfarin
B. Amlodipine
C. Nitroglycerine
D. Clopidogrel
Answer: A
59. Select all when taking Iron Supplements.
A. One hour before or 2 hours after meal
B. Full glass of water/ juice
C. No caffeine
D. Carry identification card saying you are on Iron Supplements
Answer: A, B, C
60. What is the expected outcome for Valproate?
A. Decreased fever
B. Decreased sense of anxiety
C. Decreased blood pressure
D. Decreased Seizure activity
Answer: D
61. Before administering Digoxin, the nurse should complete which task?
A. Obtain an ECG
B. Count apical Pulse for 1 minute
C. Take temperature
D. Obtain I/O
Answer: B
62. In the case of a Heparin overdose, which antidote would you give?
A. Naloxone
B. Ibutilide
C. Methylphenidate
D. Protamine sulfate
Answer: D
63. What serious adverse reaction can occur with the loop diuretic Furosemide?
A. Stevens-Johnsons syndrome
B. GI bleeding
C. Hypertension
D. Bradycardia
Answer: A
64. If a patient is taking an ACE inhibitor, the nurse should monitor for signs of angioedema
which include?
A. Vomiting
B. Dyspnea
C. Constipation
D. Epistaxis
Answer: B
65. What is the unlabeled use for Propranolol?
A. PTSD
B. Edema
C. Hypertension
D. Dizziness
Answer: A
66. Ace Inhibitors often end in?
A. –ale
B. –olol
C. –pril
D. –ide
Answer: C
67. What is a side effect for Phenytoin?
A. Suicidal thoughts
B. Dry mouth
C. Blood in urine
D. Tremors
Answer: A
68. What is the therapeutic use for Lithium?
A. Decrease blood pressure
B. Decreases incidence of acute manic episodes
C. Decreases seizure activity
D. Increase urinary output
Answer: B
69. Which drug is used to reverse the effects of an opioid overdose?
A. Aspirin
B. Advil
C. Naloxone
D. Odansetron
Answer: C
70. A patient with , should stop taking NSAIDS
A. Peptic Ulcers
B. Headaches
C. Cramps
D. Nausea
Answer: A
71. Which is not one of the rights of medication administration?
A. Right patient
B. Right time
C. Right attitude
D. Right documentation
Answer: C
72. Tylenol is classified as .
A. non opioid analgesic
B. Opioid analgesic
C. Hypoglycemic
D. Diuretic
Answer: A
73. Your patient is on the medication Lithium for bipolar I disorder. What major side effect
should you monitor the patient for?
A. Cough
B. hypothermia
C. Seizures
D. Pulmonary edema
Answer: C
74. When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of
A. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours
B. 10-12 mg every 4 hours
C. 1-2mg every 8 hours
D. 25 mg every 6 hours
Answer: A
75. If you are treating a patient that has renal failure, what type of pain medications should
you avoid?
A. Opioids
B. NSAIDs
C. Nonopioids
D. Short-acting analgesics
Answer: B
76. A common side effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors is
A. Suicidal thoughts
B. Toxic epidermal necrosis
C. Heart failure
D. cough
Answer: D
77. Which of the following is an action of the drug Metformin?
A. Decreases hepatic glucose production
B. Limits seizure propagation by altering ion transport
C. Inhibits transport of calcium into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells
D. Prevent chronic asthma
Answer: A
78. Which of the following are common side effects when taking the drug Phenytoin. Select
all that apply.
A. Drowsiness
B. Increased suicidal thoughts
C. Ataxia
D. Dry mouth
Answer: B, C
79. Samuel, a 65-year-old patient comes into the hospital for an anginal attack. Which of the
following is an important nursing intervention when administering Nitroglycerine?
A. If the patient has more pain, apply another transdermal patch and keep the others on
B. Don’t wash the skin after removing a transdermal patch
C. Remove the transdermal patch 10-12 hours every night to prevent tolerance
D. Monitor blood pressure only after administration
Answer: C
80. How can Ondansetron be administered? Select all that apply.
A. PO
B. IV
C. Subcutaneous
D. IM
Answer: A, B, D
81. Albuterol can be given in all but which of these forms:
A. extended release
B. inhalation
C. intravenously
D. orally
Answer: C
82. A side effect given off by omeprazole is:
A. bloody stools
B. change in stomach pH
C. thirst
D. constipation
Answer: A
83. The classification of digoxin is:
A. antithrombic
B. nitrates
C. antiplatelet agent
D. cardiac glycosides
Answer: D
84. What decreases the renin angiotensin aldosterone system?
A. angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists
B. beta blockers
C. ACE inhibitors
D. propranolol
Answer: C
85. Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect in which of these drugs (select all that
apply)?
A. ACE Inhibitors
B. Anticoagulants
C. Beta Blockers
D. Calcium Channel Blockers
E. Antidiarrheal
F. Diuretics
Answer: A, C, D, F
86. What is the effect of Beta Blockers?
A. Relief of diarrhea
B. Relief of symptoms associated with allergies
C. Decreases blood pressure and heart rate
D. Prevents constipation
Answer: C
87. ACE inhibitors end in what?
A. -olol
B. -pril
C. -statin
D. -ide
Answer: B
88. What is the therapeutic levels for digoxin?
A. 0.2 – 0.5 ng/mL
B. 0.5 – 2 ng/mL
C. 1.0 – 1.8 ng/mL
D. 2.0 – 5.0 ng/mL
Answer: B
89. What is the therapeutic effect of Montelukast?
A. decreased incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting
B. decreased frequency and severity of acute asthma attacks
C. laxative action
D. protects ulcers with subsequent healing
Answer: B
90. Which of these is a platelet aggregation inhibitor?
A. Albuterol
B. Montelukast
C. Clopidogrel
D. Ondansetron
Answer: C
91. Which of these is a side effect of Sennosides? (Select all that apply.)
A. cramping
B. bruising
C. diarrhea
D. headaches
Answer: A, C
92. Amlodipine manages what?
A. constipation
B. hypertension
C. migraines
D. hypercholesterolemia
Answer: B
93. what is the route of INSULIN GLARGINE:
A. subcutaneous.
B. oral.
C. IV.
D. sublingual
Answer: A
94. what is the classification of HEPARIN:
A. antihypertention.
B. anticoagulants
C. antidiabetic.
D. laxative
Answer: B
95. what is the therapeutic effects of FUROSEMIDE:
A. diuretics.
B. decrease blood pressure.
C. prevention of gastric ulceration.
D. a and b
Answer: D
96. other name of METFORMIN include:
A. skelaxin.
B. digoxin.
C. glucophage.
D. Advil
Answer: C
97. What is the therapeutic effect of Albuterol?
A. bronchodilater
B. antihypertensive
C. antitussive
D. antiarrhythmic
Answer: A
98. Which of the following is an ACE inhibitor?
A. albuterol
B. afatinib
C. captopril
D. spironolactone
Answer: C
99. What is the pharmacological action of propanolol?
A. adrenergic
B. beta blocker
C. dopamine agonist
D. opioid agonist
Answer: B
100. Which of the following is NOT a way to increase bowel regulation?
A. increase fiber intake
B. increase activity
C. decrease fiber intake
D. increase fluid intake
Answer: C
101. What is the pharmacologic category for Montelukast?
A. Anticoagulants
B. Antiangials
C. Leukotriene antagonists
D. Adrenergics
Answer: C
102. At what blood pressure would you hold Digoxin in an adult?
A. 60
C. >80
D. <80
Answer: A
103. When administering Propranolol through an IV, what should be done before?
A. Nothing, there is no importance
B. The patient should eat
C. The patient should drink a lot of water
D. Have a second practitioner check the original order, calculations, and infusion pump
Answer: D
104. A client forgot to take their Levothyroxine when directed. The client should...
A. Notify health care professional
B. Take the missed dose as soon as possible unless it is almost time for next dose
C. Skip the dose
D. Stop taking Levothyroxine all together
Answer: B
105. What is a side effect of Heparin?
A. nausea
B. diarrhea
C. bleeding
D. bronchospasms
Answer: C
106. What is the therapeutic classification of Omeprazole?
A. antiemetics
B. antiulcer agents
C. opioid analgesics
D. antidiabetics
Answer: B
107. A patient is taking Digoxin to slow his heart rate down. The nurse suggests that he take
his oral medication:
A. when awakening
B. by itself
C. in the evening
D. with meals
Answer: D
108. If a patient overdoses on Morphine, the nurse would give him __________ as the
antidote to reverse respiratory depression or coma.
A. naloxone
B. atropine
C. vitamin K
D. physostigmine
Answer: A
109. The nurse is administering Lithium to her patient. The nurse knows that Lithium is used
to treat which of the following disorders?
A. hypertension
B. nausea
C. thyroid disorders
D. bipolar disorder
Answer: D
110. Common side effects of iron supplements include (select all that apply):
A. constipation
B. drowsiness
C. upset stomach
D. nausea
Answer: A, C, D
111. The nurse is administering Penicillin to a patient who has tested positive for strep throat.
The nurse knows to look for which of the following adverse effects as a sign of an acute
allergic reaction?
A. blurred vision
B. tinnitus
C. skin rash/hives
D. vomiting
Answer: C
112. Propranolol is classified as having which of the following pharmacological actions?
A. beta blocker
B. ACE inhibitor
C. loop diuretic
D. proton-pump inhibitor
Answer: A
113. What is the pharmacological action of metformin?
A. Biguanides
B. Benzodiazepines
C. Nitrates
D. Digitalis glycosides
Answer: A
114. What is the evaluation of medication effectiveness of senna?
A. Decreased GI pain and irritation
B. Healing of ulcers
C. Soft, formed bowel movements
D. Prevention of nausea and vomiting
Answer: C
115. What is the therapeutic use of levothyroxine?
A. Suppression of seizure activity
B. Decreased frequency of migraines
C. Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal balance
D. Treatment of ulcers
Answer: C
116. Prior to administration of levothyroxine, which of the following should the nurse
complete? (Select all that apply)
A. Assess degree of numbness in affected area
B. Monitor for intensified pain
C. Assess weight
D. Assess apical pulse
E. Assess mental status
Answer: A, B, D
117. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of the bronchodilator albuterol?
A. nausea
B. vomiting
C. stomach cramps
D. chest pain
Answer: D
118. What is the classification of the medication lithium?
A. antihistamine
B. mood stabilizer
C. bronchodilator
D. anti-ulcer agents
Answer: B
119. When teaching a patient about their new medication montelukast which of the following
statements made by the patient would indicate they are in need of further teaching?
A. “I can skip a dose if I do not feel asthma symptoms”
B. “I should take the medication 2 hours before exercising”
C. “I should not double the dosage”
D. “this medication may increase suicidal thoughts”
Answer: A
120. Which of the following is the most serious side effect of the mood stabilizing drug
lithium?
A. fatigue
B. headache
C. seizures
D. abdominal pain
Answer: C
121. When educating a patient about Regular Insulin, you should include which instruction:
A. Shake the vial vigorously
B. Expect the solution to appear cloudy
C. Store unopened vials at room temperature
D. Inject the insulin subcutaneously
Answer: D
122. Which of the following medications would you administer for an overdose of
acetaminophen?
A. Naloxone
B. Vitamin K
C. Acetylcysteine
D. Atropine
Answer: C
123. Select all the early manifestations of lithium toxicity
A. Nausea
B. Hypotension
C. Renal Failure
D. Muscle Weakness
Answer: A, D
124. Which of the following describes the action of an agonist on a receptor.
A. Destroys the receptor
B. Competes with a receptor
C. Activates a receptor
D. Blocks a receptor
Answer: C
Pharmacology Final Study Guide
125. Which of the following is an antianginal and nitrate?
A. Iron
B. ACE Inhibitors
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Heparin
Answer: C
126. How would you evaluate the medical effectiveness of Metformin?
A. assess serum electrolytes. ketones, glucose, blood PH, lactate, pyruvate levels, monitor
serum glucose
B. check for resolution of hypothyroidism and normalization of hormone levels
C. check patient for pain reduction
D. Assess patient alertness
Answer: A
127. What are the drug natural interactions for phenytoin?
A. Echinacea
B. St. Johns Wort
C. Valerian
D. Jeff Salernos Wart
Answer: B
128. What type of diuretic is furosemide?
A. Loop
B. potassium sparing
C. Thiazide
D. Hypertensive
Answer: A
129. Which of the following are complications of Warfarin? (select all that apply)
A. bleeding
B. cramps
C. fever
D. nausea
E. all of the above
Answer: E
130. What is the category status for the drug Omeprazole?
A. Laxative
B. anti-ulcer agent
C. anti-heartburn
D. antianemic
Answer: B
131. What route is Amlodipine taken?
A. PO
B. IV
C. IM
D. None of the above
Answer: A
132. What is the category class of Iron?
A. antiulcer
B. laxative
C. Antianemic
D. lipid-lowering agent
Answer: C
133. When a company develops a new drug and gives it an official name, this name is the
A. Brand name
B. Generic name
C. prototype
D. prescription
Answer: B
134. What is the maximal response a drug can produce?
A. potency
B. agonist
C. efficacy
D. bioavalibility
Answer: C
135. What is/are the major adverse/side effects of regular insulin? Select all that apply
A. hypoglycemia
B. hypokalemia
C. drowsiness
D. anaphylaxis
Answer: A, B, D
136. Which of the following drugs can suppress seizure activity and decrease the frequency
of migraine headache?
A. glipizide
B. hydrochlorothiazide
C. atropine
D. valproate
Answer: D
137. What is the pharmacological class of Metformin?
A. Benzodiazepines
B. Anticonvulsant
C. Biguanide
D. Beta blocker
Answer: C
138. Which is the only type of insulin that can be given IV?
A. Regular
B. NPH
C. Long-acting
D. Rapid-acting
Answer: A
139. What is the therapeutic range for lithium?
A. 3.0-4.6 mEq/L
B. 0.5-2.0 mEq/L
C. 0.2-0.7 mEq/L
D. 2.0-3.5 mEq/L
Answer: B
140. Which drug is the antidote of Alprazolam?
A. Physostigmine
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Flumazenil
D. Acetylcysteine
Answer: C
141. What is the classification for the drug valproate?
A. Anti-diabetic
B. Anti-convulsants
C. Anti-ulcer agent
D. Anti-hypertensives
Answer: B
142. What is a severe adverse effect of warfarin?
A. Bleeding
B. Arrhythmias
C. blurred vision
D. bradycardia
Answer: A
143. What is the pharmacological action of metformin?
A. Blocks stimulation of beta1 and beta2.
B. Blocks vasoconstriction and aldosterone.
C. Acts at many levels in CNS to produce anxiolytic effect
D. Decreases hepatic glucose production.
Answer: D
144. What is a severe adverse effect of iron?
A. Seizures
B. dry mouth
C. edema
D. serotoin syndrome
Answer: A
145. When administering the drug lithium, name one important side effect to watch for:
A. Anaphylaxis
B. Seizures
C. Angioedema
D. Pulmonary Edema
Answer: B
146. Which of the following pharmacologic classifications does the drug propranolol fall
under?
A. Beta Blockers
B. Cholinergics
C. Immune globulins
D. Barbiturates
Answer: A
147. Name a desired outcome of the drug Phenytoin:
A. Decrease symptoms of PTSD
B. Resolution of signs of infection
C. Decrease or cessation of seizures without excessive sedation
D. Prevention or relief of bronchospasm
Answer: C
148. What is/are the action(s) of the drug metformin?
A. Decreases Hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption
B. Increases sensitivity to insulin
C. Short term sedation
D. Both A and B
Answer: D
149. A patient comes to the hospital with a suspected opioid overdose, what would be the
appropriate medication to be administered?
A. Exenatide
B. Naloxone
C. Heparin
D. Tolvaptan
Answer: B
150. What is an example of a medication that is a bronchodilator
A. Albuterol
B. Omeprazole
C. Ondansetron
D. Senna
Answer: A
151. Hydrochlorothiazide is classified as a
A. Ant-inflammatory
B. Antiarrhythmics
C. Diuretics
D. Antifungals
Answer: C
152. What does it mean when a medication has a half-life?
A. It only lasts for 30 mins after the medication is given
B. How long it takes for half of the dose to be eliminated from the blood stream
C. It is the peak of how effective the medicine is
D. Drug is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation
Answer: B
153. What is the classification of furosemide?
A. loop diuretics
B. anticoagulant
C. iron supplements
D. anticonvulsant
Answer: A
154. A patient with hypertension is taking an ACE inhibitor to lower his blood pressure. What
should the nurse tell the patient to avoid in his diet?
A. vinegar
B. apples
C. salt substitutions
D. tomatoes
Answer: C
155. When should a patient taking omeprazole be administered the medication?
A. Before bedtime
B. after dinner
C. in the morning on an empty stomach
D. with the patient’s lunch meal
Answer: C
156. The nurse should teach a patient to take their own pulse with which medication? (Hint:
if pulse is 100, the patient should contact their health care provider before taking the
medication)
A. digoxin
B. lithium
C. montelukast
D. phenytoin
Answer: A
157. What is levothyroxine's pharmacologic classification?
A. Thyroid Preparations
B. Metabolic Inhibitors
C. Analgesic
D. Loop Diuretic
Answer: A
158. What Medication is used as a Bronchodialtor?
A. Warfarin
B. Lovastatin
C. Albuterol
D. Valporate
Answer: C
159. What is a serious adverse reaction to penicillin?
A. Liver Failure
B. Anaphylaxis
C. Respiratory Depression
D. Edema
Answer: B
160. What is Nitroglycerin's Action?
A. Dilates the Bronchi
B. Reduce Blood Glucose
C. Reduce Nausea
D. Dilates Coronary Arteries
Answer: D
161. What is the therapeutic action of Phenytoin?
A. Antidiabetic
B. Anticonvulsant
C. Mood stabilizer
D. Antianxiety agent
Answer: B
162. What does a patient need to avoid while taking Angiotensin-converting enzymes?
A. Salt substitutes
B. Foods high in potassium
C. Foods high in sodium
D. All of the above
Answer: D
163. What is Heparin’s antidote?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Narcan
C. Romazicon
D. Naloxone
Answer: A
164. What is the most life threatening adverse reaction while taking Omeprazole?
A. Chest pain
B. Constipation
C. Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea
D. Acute interstitial nephritis
Answer: C
165. What symptom would alert the nurse to hold Albuterol and notify a healthcare
professional immediately?
A. Insomnia
B. Paradoxical bronchospasm
C. Nausea
D. Headache
Answer: B
166. What is one therapeutic use for Nitroglycerine?
A. Relief or prevention of anginal attacks
B. Diuresis and mobilization of excess fluid
C. Decrease nausea and vomiting
D. Relief of anxiety
Answer: A
167. What classification of drug is Penicillin?
A. Antiarrhythmic
B. Anticonvulsant
C. Anti-ineffective
D. Mood stabilizer
Answer: C
168. What is one of the therapeutic uses of Valporate?
A. Suppression of seizure activity
B. Replacement of hypothyroidism to restore normal hormone balance
C. Maintenance of blood glucose
D. Lowering of blood pressure
Answer: A
169. What is the peak range of regular insulin?
A. 30 – 2 ½ hours
B. 1 – 3 hours
C. 6 – 14 hours
D. 1 – 5 hours
Answer: D
170. What is pharmacodynamics?
A. The medical reference summarizing standards of drug purity, strength and directions for
synthesis
B. The drugs actions at receptor site and the physiological, chemical, and behavioral effects
produced by these actions
C. The maximum response that a drug can produce
D. Movements of the drugs throughout the body
Answer: B
171. ACE inhibitors…
A. Block the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone from producing effects of angiotensin II at the
receptor site
B. Blocks stimulation of beta 1 and beta 2 at the receptor sites
C. Blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II
D. None of the above
Answer: C
172. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that…
A. Prevents the structure of blood clots from being formed
B. Dissolves the blood clots that have already formed
C. Dilates the coronary arteries in the body
D. Is given for as an anti-arrhythmic for two rhythm disturbances
Answer: A
173. Which route should lithium be administered by?
A. IV
B. IM
C. PO
D. Sublingual
Answer: C
174. What is Alprazolam therapeutic use?
A. Prevent thrombus formation
B. Relief of anxiety
C. Decrease risk of stroke
D. Increase urinary output
Answer: B
175. What is the expected pharmacological action of propranolol?
A. Block stimulation of beta1
B. Alter water & electrolyte transport in the large intestine
C. Block stimulation of beta 2
D. Both A and C are correct
Answer: D
176. What drugs interact with tetracycline? (select all that apply)
A. Warfarin
B. Antacids
C. Tamsulosin
D. Barbiturates
Answer: A, B, D
177. What should you monitor when given a patient Clopidogrel?
A. Signs of thrombotic thrombolytic purpura
B. Bleeding during therapy
C. CBC with differential and platelet count
D. All the above
Answer: D
178. What is the therapeutic classification of Furosemide?
A. Antidiabetics
B. Diuretics
C. Anticonvulsants
D. Antidote
Answer: B
179. When giving a patient Lithium what is a life threatening side effect?
A. Erythema
B. Pancreatitis
C. Seizures
D. Headache
Answer: C
180. What is important to monitor when giving the drug Phenytoin?
A. Suicidal thoughts
B. Stomach pain
C. Bowel function
D. Urinary pH
Answer: A
181. What is the therapeutic effect of Warfarin?
A. Prevention of thromboembolic events
B. Suppression of seizure activity
C. Laxative action
D. Relief or prevention of anginal attacks
Answer: A
182. What category class is the drug Senna?
A. Laxative
B. Anti-Ulcer
C. ACE inhibitor
D. Benzodiazepines
Answer: A
183. Patients should avoid what drink while taking Alprazolam?
A. Water
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Green Tea
D. Milk
Answer: B
184. Heparin is classified under what class?
A. Laxative
B. ACE inhibitor
C. Anti-convulsant
D. Antithrombotic
Answer: D
185. The drug Ondansetron action is?
A. Decrease constipation
B. Decrease hypertension
C. Blocks effects of serotonin
D. Decrease glucose levels
Answer: C
186. What is a major side effect of Albuterol?
A. Headache
B. Vomiting
C. Paradoxical Bronchospasm
D. Hypertension
Answer: C
187. What is a high alert nursing implication for Morphine?
A. Assessing type of pain
B. Assess level of consciousness, BP, pulse, & respiration
C. Assess bowel function
D. Assess patient for confusion
Answer: B
188. What is Montelukast used for?
A. Prevention and treatment of asthma
B. Lower pain level
C. Help with depression
D. Improve wakefulness in patient
Answer: A
189. What is the most important patient/family teaching for patients that are taking Digoxin
A. To take medication as needed
B. Advise patient to not share with another person
C. To measure dose accurately
D. Teach patient to take pulse
Answer: D
190. How would you teach a patient how to prep an inhaler?
A. Tell them to spray the inhaler 4 times and discard after 150 puffs.
B. Tell them to shake the inhaler for 5 seconds.
C. Tell them to spray the inhaler 4 times and discard after 200 puffs.
D. You do not need to prime it.
Answer: C
191. Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic effect of Montelukast?
A. Decreased frequency and severity of acute asthma attacks.
B. Decreased severity of allergic rhinitis.
C. Decreased attacks of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
D. Decreased anxiety attacks.
Answer: D
192. Advise patient to avoid taking antacids or antidiarrheals for how long after taking
digoxin?
A. 30 minutes
B. 2 hours
C. 4 hours
D. 3 hours
Answer: B
193. At what point does atropine hit its peak for IM injections?
A. 15-50 minutes
B. 50-90 minutes
C. 2 hours
D. 15-30 minutes
Answer: A
194. 70.A newly admitted client takes digoxin 0.25 mg/day. The nurse knows that which is
the serum therapeutic range for digoxin?
A. 0.1 to 1.5 ng/mL
B. 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL
C. 1.0 to 2.5 ng/mL
D. 2.0 to 4.0 ng/mL
Answer: B
195. The health care provider is planning to discontinue a client's beta blocker. What
instruction should the nurse give the client regarding the beta blocker?
A. The beta blocker should be abruptly stopped when another cardiac drug is prescribed.
B. The beta blocker should NOT be abruptly stopped; the dose should be tapered down.
C. The beta blocker dose should be maintained while taking another antianginal drug.
D. Half the beta blocker dose should be taken for the next several weeks.
Answer: B
196. The nurse acknowledges that the first-line drug for treating this client's blood pressure
might be which drug?
A. Diuretic
B. Alpha blocker
C. ACE inhibitor
D. Alpha/beta blocker
Answer: A
197. A client tells a nurse, "I don't get the same relief as I used to with this pain medication."
The nurse should recognize that the client is experiencing which of the following?
A. Drug addiction
B. Physical dependence
C. Drug tolerance
D. Psychological dependence
Answer: C
198. What is the classification of the drug Lithium?
A. Anti-diabetic
B. Anti-ulcer agent
C. Mood stabilizer
D. Diuretic
Answer: C
199. What is the therapeutic use of Digoxin?
A. Increased cardiac output and slowing of the heart rate
B. Increased heart rate
C. Lowering of blood pressure
D. Conservation of potassium
Answer: A
200. What route is Montelukast administered?
A. IV
B. IM
C. PO
D. SubQ
Answer: C
201. What is an adverse reaction to Montelukast? (select all that apply)
A. Stroke
B. Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome
C. Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
D. Suicidal thoughts/Behaviors
Answer: B, C, D
202. What is the therapeutic classification of Metformin?
A. Antiemetic
B. Antiarrhythmic
C. Antidepressant
D. Antidiabetic
Answer: D
203. Which of the following is NOT a side effect of Alprazolam?
A. dizziness
B. drowsiness
C. Insomnia
D. Lethargy
Answer: C
204. What is the antidote for Warfarin?
A. Vitamin K
B. Naloxone
C. Digibind
D. Flumazenil
Answer: A
205. What is the therapeutic effect of Ondansetron?
A. Healing of duodenal ulcers
B. Decreased incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting
C. Increased production of urine
D. Laxative action
Answer: B
206. What’s the normal range for therapeutic serum digoxin levels?
A. 0.5-2 ng/mL
B. 1-2 ng/mL
C. 0.2-0.5 ng/mL
D. 0-1 ng/mL
Answer: A
207. What is the most common side effect of insulin?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Infection
D. Convulsions
Answer: B
208. What drug classification is Valproate?
A. Antiarrhythmic
B. Mood stabilizer
C. anticonvulsant
D. Anticoagulant
Answer: C
209. What route can ondansetron be given? (select all that apply)
A. PO
B. IV
C. Rectal
D. IM
Answer: A, B, D
210. What is the therapeutic range for Lithium?
A. 0.3-0.5
B. 0.5-1
C. 0.5-2
D. 0.6-1
Answer: C
211. Alprazolam's therapeutic use is what?
A. Relief of drowsiness
B. Relief of anxiety
C. Relief of bronchospasms
D. Relief of cardiac arrest
Answer: B
212. A patient given furosemide for diuresis should have a decrease in what?
A. decrease in edema
B. decrease in urine
C. decrease in fluid output
D. decrease in apical pulse.
Answer: A
213. A patient has overdosed on Warfarin, what should be given to the patient to be
reveresed?
A. narcan
B. Vitamin C
C. Protamine sulfate
D. Vitamin K
Answer: D
214. What is the therapeutic classification of phenytoin (Dilantin)
A. Mood stabilizer
B. Bronchodilator
C. anticonvulsant
D. Mood stabilizer
Answer: C
215. What is one of the therapeutic uses of ACE inhibitors
A. Lowering of Blood pressure
B. Bronchodilation
C. Decreased incidence of nausea and vomiting
D. Decrease in severity of pain
Answer: A
216. When administering the medication Spironolactone, when is the best time to administer
it?
A. Evening
B. Noon
C. At bedtime
D. Morning
Answer: D
217. What is the pharmacologic classification of Amlodipine
A. Beta blocker
B. 5-HT3 antagonist
C. Nonopioid analgesic
D. Calcium channel blocker
Answer: D
218. What is the theraputic classification of Atropine?
A. Antipsychotic
B. Antidepressants
C. Antiarryhthmics
D. Anticonvulsants
Answer: C
219. What is the administration route of Penicillin in adults?
A. PO
B. IV
C. SubQ
D. Sublingual
Answer: B
220. What is the administration route of Ondansetron?
A. SubQ
B. Sublingual
C. Buccal
D. PO
Answer: D
221. When administering the anticoagulant drug Warfarin, what is one of the two lab tests
you should monitor to distinguish the effectiveness of the drug?
A. APTT
B. INR
C. CBC
D. Platelet count
Answer: B
222. A nurse is giving a patient a loading dose of 1 mg of an antiarrhythmic drug to treat
atrial flutters. Which of the following is most likely the drug being administered?
A. Digoxin
B. Propranolol
C. Ibuprofen
D. Lithium
Answer: A
223. Which of the following medications works to lessen the loss of potassium a while at the
same time acting as a diuretic
A. Hydrochrlorothiazide
B. Sprionolodetone
C. Furosemide
D. Morphine
Answer: B
224. After administering the drug Atropine to a patient, the nurse notices side effects of dry
mouth, tachycardia, and drowsiness. The nurse suspects ans overdose of the drug. Which of
the following is the antidote for Atropine?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Physostigmine
D. Protamine sulfate
Answer: C
225. __________ is the main glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands.
A. Fluticasone
B. Hydrocortisone
C. Fludrocortisone
D. Dexamethasone
E. Prednisone
Answer: B
226. __________ is the period of time required for concentration of a drug to be reduced by
50%.
A. Efficacy
B. Steady-state concentration
C. Half-life
D. Clearance
Answer: C
227. Which of the following medications is known to act on the Renin-AngiotensinAldosterone System (RAAS), in order to prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to the
angiotensin II?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Spironolactone
C. Beta blockers
D. ARCs
Answer: A
228. Protamine Sulfate is known to counteract the therapeutic effect of which medication?
A. Nitroglycerin
B. Heparin
C. Digoxin
D. Warfarin
E. Amlodipine
Answer: B
229. Efficacy is the a drug can produce.
A. measurement of the dose
B. maximal response
C. lethal dose
D. concentration
Answer: B
230. All benzodiazepines reduce and produce .
A. anxiety, sedation
B. hunger, food coma
C. sedation, anxiety
D. drowsiness, wakefulness
Answer: A
231. Metronidazole is effective in the treatment of (select all that apply)
A. vaginal trichomoniasis
B. giardiasis
C. amebiasis
D. bacterial vaginosis
E. All of the above
Answer: E
232. Morphine over dose is treated with
A. Naloxone
B. Vitamin K
C. Time
D. Grapefruit juice
Answer: A
