Chapter 8
Question 1
Which of the following suggests that a vendor is reliable?
1. The vendor is willing to provide customized services for the institution at a reasonable
negotiable fee.
2. The vendor is knowledgeable about the system and provides additional information
without prompting.
3. The vendor provides a contact list of previous customers, but none are willing to be
interviewed.
4. The vendor addresses all requirements for the system and quickly provides answers for
questions.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1:
The correct answer is “Vendors should address institutional requirements and provide needed
information quickly when asked.” The vendor should be knowledgeable about their system as
well as the needs of the institution. Providing customized services does not guarantee that the
vendor is reliable in other areas. Contact lists of previous customers willing to be interviewed
or host site visits should be made available routinely.
Rationale 2:
The correct answer is “Vendors should address institutional requirements and provide needed
information quickly when asked.” The vendor should be knowledgeable about their system as
well as the needs of the institution. Providing customized services does not guarantee that the
vendor is reliable in other areas. Contact lists of previous customers willing to be interviewed
or host site visits should be made available routinely.
Rationale 3:
The correct answer is “Vendors should address institutional requirements and provide needed
information quickly when asked.” The vendor should be knowledgeable about their system as
well as the needs of the institution. Providing customized services does not guarantee that the
vendor is reliable in other areas. Contact lists of previous customers willing to be interviewed
or host site visits should be made available routinely.
Rationale 4:
Vendors should address institutional requirements and provide needed information quickly
when asked. The vendor should be knowledgeable about their system as well as the needs of
the institution. Providing customized services does not guarantee that the vendor is reliable in
other areas. Contact lists of previous customers willing to be interviewed or host site visits
should be made available routinely.
Question 2
The steering committee must consider much information in order to arrive at the best system.
Which statements would be considered as favorable during the evaluation of systems for
purchase consideration?
1. Minimal downtime is required nightly for complete system checks and backup.
2. Connectivity between the application and inputting clinical information, such as vital
signs, can be achieved through customization.
3. Open system architecture is utilized for system protocols.
4. Response time for all online transactions is five seconds or more.
5. A separate training environment is used, where new users can utilize the live system for
training whenever it is needed.
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1:
Minimal downtime is required nightly for complete system checks and backup.
Rationale 2:
Connectivity should be enhanced and downtime minimized.
Rationale 3:
Architecture refers to the structure of the central processing unit and its interrelated elements.
An open system uses protocols and technology that follow publicly accepted conventions and
are used by multiple vendors, so that various system components can work together.
Rationale 4:
Response time for all online transactions is too slow.
Rationale 5:
The live system should never be used for training; training should occur in simulated
environments specifically created for teaching where mistakes do not enter the system.
Question 3
A 512-bed acute-care community hospital is planning to install a wireless system. The
steering committee is planning a site visit to observe the wireless system in action. Which site
would be the most suitable for the committee to visit?
1. A 36-bed state-of-the-art open-heart intensive care unit at a hospital that uses the same
vendor's equipment and services
2. A 496-bed acute-care hospital utilizing another vendor with similar equipment and services
3. A 485-bed acute-care community hospital utilizing the same vendor's equipment and
services
4. A 712-bed acute-tertiary care hospital utilizing the same vendor's equipment and services
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
Most suitable for the committee to visit is the 485-bed acute-care community hospital
utilizing the same vendor's equipment and services. Site visits allow the vendor's system
under consideration to be seen in action at a location that is comparable in size and providing
similar services.
Rationale 2:
Most suitable for the committee to visit is the 485-bed acute-care community hospital
utilizing the same vendor's equipment and services. Site visits allow the vendor's system
under consideration to be seen in action at a location that is comparable in size and providing
similar services.
Rationale 3:
Most suitable for the committee to visit is the 485-bed acute-care community hospital
utilizing the same vendor's equipment and services. Site visits allow the vendor's system
under consideration to be seen in action at a location that is comparable in size and providing
similar services.
Rationale 4:
Most suitable for the committee to visit is the 485-bed acute-care community hospital
utilizing the same vendor's equipment and services. Site visits allow the vendor's system
under consideration to be seen in action at a location that is comparable in size and providing
similar services.
Question 4
When evaluating a request for proposal (RFP) for the installation of a wireless system, the
health care facility would be most impressed with which of the following?
1. The proposal is a standard request sent to a number of institutions.
2. The proposal was received a week before the deadline date.
3. A proposal that includes precise answers to specific steering committee questions
4. A proposal that appears to meet most of the "must" requirements
5. A proposal that is written clearly, precisely, and professionally
Correct Answer: 2,3,5
Rationale 1:
Proposals should be submitted by the deadline date; earlier can be a plus. Proposals should be
professionally written, individualized to the health care facility's needs, and address questions
asked. Vendors that are unable to meet all of the "musts" should be automatically eliminated.
Rationale 2:
Proposals should be submitted by the deadline date; earlier can be a plus. Proposals should be
professionally written, individualized to the health care facility's needs, and address questions
asked. Vendors that are unable to meet all of the "musts" should be automatically eliminated.
Rationale 3:
Proposals should be submitted by the deadline date; earlier can be a plus. Proposals should be
professionally written, individualized to the health care facility's needs, and address questions
asked. Vendors that are unable to meet all of the "musts" should be automatically eliminated.
Rationale 4:
Proposals should be submitted by the deadline date; earlier can be a plus. Proposals should be
professionally written, individualized to the health care facility's needs, and address questions
asked. Vendors that are unable to meet all of the "musts" should be automatically eliminated.
Rationale 5:
Proposals should be submitted by the deadline date; earlier can be a plus. Proposals should be
professionally written, individualized to the health care facility's needs, and address questions
asked. Vendors that are unable to meet all of the "musts" should be automatically eliminated.
Question 5
Which statement best fits a request for information (RFI) on a wireless cardiovascular (CV)
monitoring system?
1. An Internet search is conducted to find likely wireless CV monitoring system vendors.
2. A brief document is sent to several CV monitoring vendors outlining plans for expansion to
a wireless cardiovascular monitoring system.
3. A formal request is sent to one CV monitoring vendor following an initial contact at a trade
show.
4. A representative of the wireless CV monitoring system search committee attends a trade
show to appraise possible vendors.
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
The correct answer is a brief document sent to several CV monitoring vendors outlining plans
for expansion to a wireless cardiovascular monitoring system. The purpose of an RFI is to
obtain essential information from each interested vendor about its system capabilities related
to the expansion to a wireless CV monitoring system. The information received allows
elimination of those vendors that cannot meet the organization's basic requirements. An
Internet search would not meet RFI requirements.
Rationale 2:
A brief document sent to several CV monitoring vendors outlining plans for expansion to a
wireless system will secure information from those interested in supplying the desired
monitors. The purpose of an RFI is to obtain essential information from each interested
vendor about its system capabilities related to the expansion to a wireless CV monitoring
system. The information received allows elimination of those vendors that cannot meet the
organization's basic requirements.
Rationale 3:
The correct answer is a brief document sent to several CV monitoring vendors outlining plans
for expansion to a wireless cardiovascular monitoring system. The purpose of an RFI is to
obtain essential information from each interested vendor about its system capabilities related
to the expansion to a wireless CV monitoring system. The information received allows
elimination of those vendors that cannot meet the organization's basic requirements. A formal
request sent to just one vendor would not meet RFI requirements.
Rationale 4:
The correct answer is a brief document sent to several cardiovascular monitoring vendors
outlining plans for expansion to wireless networks. The purpose of an RFI is to obtain
information from vendors describing what the institution needs to eliminate those vendors
who cannot comply. A representative of the search committee attending a trade show would
not meet RFI requirements.
Question 6
Which statement best fits a request for proposal (RFP) for a wireless system?
1. The vendor sends literature about its wireless system to several institutions to increase their
business.
2. The search committee sends email requests to several vendors stating the needs of the
institution for a new wireless system.
3. The steering committee sends a formal document to several vendors to ask for specific
information about their wireless system.
4. A formal document is sent by a vendor who heard an institution is upgrading its monitoring
system.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
The correct answer is the steering committee sends a formal document to several vendors to
request a proposal about their wireless system. An RFP is an invitation sent to vendors that
describes the requirements of a potential information system and requests a proposal from
those interested. An RFP often includes a bidding process for a specific information system
commodity and/or service. A vendor sending literature would not meet RFP requirements.
Rationale 2:
The correct answer is the steering committee sends a formal document to several vendors to
request a proposal about their wireless system. An RFP is an invitation sent to vendors that
describes the requirements of a potential information system and requests a proposal from
those interested. An RFP often includes a bidding process for a specific information system
commodity and/or service. A search committee sending email requests would not meet RFP
requirements.
Rationale 3:
The steering committee sends a formal document to several vendors to request a proposal
about their wireless system. An RFP is an invitation sent to vendors that describes the
requirements of a potential information system and requests a proposal from those interested.
An RFP often includes a bidding process for a specific information system commodity and/or
service.
Rationale 4:
The correct answer is the steering committee sends a formal document to several vendors to
request a proposal about their wireless system. An RFP is an invitation sent to vendors that
describes the requirements of a potential information system and requests a proposal from
those interested. An RFP often includes a bidding process for a specific information system
commodity and/or service. An RFP is not sent by a vendor "out of the blue".
Question 7
Which of the following qualities should be considered desirable by the health care
institution's steering committee when selecting an information systems consultant?
1. Strong personality that is up to the task of bucking the corporate culture
2. Tendency to focus on results rather than trying to manage expectations
3. Highly organized and follows a clearly defined work plan
4. Considerable experience with hospital mainframe legacy systems
5. Excellent written communication skills, but difficulty with spoken communications
Correct Answer: 3,4
Rationale 1:
Having experience in the health care industry and following a well defined work plan are
important consulting qualities. Consultants also need to be able to fit into the corporate
culture and manage the expectations of the highly diverse and complex health care
environment. Both written and spoken communication skills are needed.
Rationale 2:
Having experience in the health care industry and following a well defined work plan are
important consulting qualities. Consultants also need to be able to fit into the corporate
culture and manage the expectations of the highly diverse and complex health care
environment. Both written and spoken communication skills are needed.
Rationale 3:
Having experience in the health care industry and following a well defined work plan are
important consulting qualities. Consultants also need to be able to fit into the corporate
culture and manage the expectations of the highly diverse and complex health care
environment. Both written and spoken communication skills are needed.
Rationale 4:
Having experience in the health care industry and following a well defined work plan are
important consulting qualities. Consultants also need to be able to fit into the corporate
culture and manage the expectations of the highly diverse and complex health care
environment. Both written and spoken communication skills are needed.
Rationale 5:
Having experience in the health care industry and following a well defined work plan are
important consulting qualities. Consultants also need to be able to fit into the corporate
culture and manage the expectations of the highly diverse and complex health care
environment. Both written and spoken communication skills are needed.
Question 8
When the steering committee of an acute care institution is appointed to select a new
computer system, site visits are requested at a number of organizations to see the live
systems. During these visits, which statement provided in staff interviews should alert the
committee to potential bias?
1. "System backups occur daily at midnight but we rarely notice them. The downtime is
minimal."
2. "What we would like to see added to the system is the ability to add wireless devices. The
vendor is looking into the situation now."
3. "Vendor support is always wonderful. Here is one of the company representatives who can
best explain that to you."
4. "System access is restricted per HIPAA guidelines. We use a thumbprint to verify entry
into the system."
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
The correct answer is "Vendor support is always wonderful. Here is one of the company
representatives who can best explain that to you." Vendors should not be present during site
visits, in order to avoid potential bias. Site visits should allow the committee to review
security and confidentiality issues, backups and downtime, ask about how their vendor reacts
to suggestions given them by the organization after the system has been implemented, etc.
Rationale 2:
The correct answer is "Vendor support is always wonderful. Here is one of the company
representatives who can best explain that to you." Vendors should not be present during site
visits, in order to avoid potential bias. Site visits should allow the committee to review
security and confidentiality issues, backups and downtime, ask about how their vendor reacts
to suggestions given them by the organization after the system has been implemented, etc.
Rationale 3:
Vendors should not be present during site visits to avoid potential bias. Site visits should
allow the committee to review security and confidentiality issues, backups and downtime, ask
about how their vendor reacts to suggestions given them by the organization after the system
has been implemented, etc.
Rationale 4:
The correct answer is "Vendor support is always wonderful. Here is one of the company
representatives who can best explain that to you." Vendors should not be present during site
visits, in order to avoid potential bias. Site visits should allow the committee to review
security and confidentiality issues, backups and downtime, ask about how their vendor reacts
to suggestions given them by the organization after the system has been implemented, etc.
Question 9
The members of a steering committee should be carefully selected. Which committee would
be most effective?
1. A four-member committee consisting entirely of high-level executive board members
2. A five-member committee consisting of one upper-level management representative from
each department
3. A 15-member committee consisting of multidisciplinary representatives from each
unit/department
4. A 12-member committee consisting of staff nurse representatives from each unit
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
The correct answer is a 15-member committee consisting of multidisciplinary representatives
from each unit/department. To be effective, a steering committee should be large enough to
make decisions, but small enough to be effective. All those affected should be represented
with a multidisciplinary team membership.
Rationale 2:
The correct answer is a 15-member committee consisting of multidisciplinary representatives
from each unit/department. To be effective, a steering committee should be large enough to
make decisions, but small enough to be effective. All those affected should be represented
with a multidisciplinary team membership.
Rationale 3:
To be effective, a steering committee should be large enough to make decisions, but small
enough to be effective. All those affected should be represented with a multidisciplinary team
membership.
Rationale 4:
The correct answer is a 15-member committee consisting of multidisciplinary representatives
from each department. To be effective, a steering committee should be large enough to make
decisions, but small enough to be effective. All those affected should be represented with a
multidisciplinary team membership.
Question 10
Which of these steering committee members should likely be replaced?
1. The coronary care nurse manager who attends half the regularly scheduled meetings
2. The chief nursing officer who attends more than half of the regularly scheduled meetings
3. The chief executive officer of the hospital who attends all meetings
4. The medical director of the organization who attends two-thirds of the regularly scheduled
meetings
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
The membership should consist of multidisciplinary members who are able to take time to
attend most meetings and become involved in the project.
Rationale 2:
The correct answer is the coronary care nurse manager who attends half the regularly
scheduled meetings. The membership should consist of multidisciplinary members who are
able to take the time to attend most meetings and become involved in the project.
Rationale 3:
The correct answer is the coronary care nurse manager who attends half the regularly
scheduled meetings. The membership should consist of multidisciplinary members who are
able to take time to attend most meetings and become involved in the project.
Rationale 4:
The correct answer is the coronary care nurse manager who attends half the regularly
scheduled meetings. The membership should consist of multidisciplinary members who are
able to take time to attend most meetings and become involved in the project.
Question 11
A thorough understanding of how information is currently collected and processed is the
starting point in performing a needs assessment. This is also known as which of the
following?
1. Assessing internal environment
2. Assessing external environment
3. Planning for the change process
4. Implementing the new system
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
A thorough understanding of how information is currently collected and processed is the
starting point in performing a needs assessment. This is also known as assessing the internal
environment. Methods for accomplishing this include questionnaires and observation of dayto-day activities (Saba & McCormick, 1996).
Rationale 2:
A thorough understanding of how information is currently collected and processed is the
starting point in performing a needs assessment. This is also known as assessing the internal
environment. Methods for accomplishing this include questionnaires and observation of dayto-day activities (Saba & McCormick, 1996).
Rationale 3:
A thorough understanding of how information is currently collected and processed is the
starting point in performing a needs assessment. This is also known as assessing the internal
environment. Methods for accomplishing this include questionnaires and observation of dayto-day activities (Saba & McCormick, 1996).
Rationale 4:
A thorough understanding of how information is currently collected and processed is the
starting point in performing a needs assessment. This is also known as assessing the internal
environment. Methods for accomplishing this include questionnaires and observation of dayto-day activities (Saba & McCormick, 1996).
Question 12
Which of the following methods can be used to collect information in order to determine
information system requirements?
1. Schedule a focus group of maintenance personnel.
2. Send questionnaires to corporate partners.
3. Interview point-of-care staff only.
4. Interview staff members from each department.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1:
Collecting information in order to determine information system requirements is part of the
assessment phase of any initiative. Data can be collected through interviewing staff from each
department or work area to discover current and future needs.
Rationale 2:
Collecting information in order to determine information system requirements is part of the
assessment phase of any initiative. Data can be collected through interviewing staff from each
department or work area to discover current and future needs.
Rationale 3:
Collecting information in order to determine information system requirements is part of the
assessment phase of any initiative. Data can be collected through interviewing staff from each
department or work area to discover current and future needs.
Rationale 4:
Collecting information in order to determine information system requirements is part of the
assessment phase of any initiative. Data can be collected through interviewing staff from each
department or work area to discover current and future needs.
Question 13
The information system life cycle in the text is divided into phases. Which of the following
are considered part of the life cycle process?
1. Needs assessment
2. System selection
3. Problem solving
4. Implementation
5. Maintenance
Correct Answer: 1,2,4,5
Rationale 1:
Needs assessment is a crucial phase in the information system life cycle where the
requirements and objectives of the system are identified and analyzed. Understanding the
needs of the stakeholders is essential for designing an effective information system.
Rationale 2:
System selection involves evaluating different options and choosing the most suitable system
to meet the identified needs. This phase typically follows the needs assessment and precedes
the implementation phase, as it determines which solution will be implemented.
Rationale 3:
Problem solving, while an important aspect of system development, is not typically
considered a distinct phase in the information system life cycle. Instead, it is integrated into
various stages such as needs assessment, design, and implementation.
Rationale 4:
Implementation is a key phase in the information system life cycle where the chosen system
is put into operation. This involves installing hardware and software, configuring the system,
and training users. Implementation ensures that the system is ready to fulfill its intended
purpose.
Rationale 5:
Maintenance is an ongoing phase in the information system life cycle where the system is
monitored, updated, and enhanced to ensure its continued effectiveness and relevance.
Maintenance activities help address issues that arise after implementation and keep the
system aligned with evolving business needs.
Question 14
The needs assessment committee starts the process by examining which organization
document?
1. Critical pathways
2. Staffing schedules
3. Mission statement
4. Memos from chief financial officer
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
The needs assessment committee starts the process by examining the vision and mission
statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. This will guide the committee in
looking to the future and determining the organization's information needs while continuing
to support the mission.
Rationale 2:
The needs assessment committee starts the process by examining the vision and mission
statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. This will guide the committee in
looking to the future and determining the organization's information needs while continuing
to support the mission.
Rationale 3:
The needs assessment committee starts the process by examining the vision and mission
statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. This will guide the committee in
looking to the future and determining the organization's information needs while continuing
to support the mission.
Rationale 4:
The needs assessment committee starts the process by examining the vision and mission
statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. This will guide the committee in
looking to the future and determining the organization's information needs while continuing
to support the mission.
Question 15
The selection and implementation of an information system occurs through a well-defined
process known as which of the following?
1. Request for proposal
2. Decision making
3. Strategic planning
4. Life cycle
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1:
The selection and implementation of an information system occurs through a well-defined
process known as the life cycle. This term describes the ongoing process of developing and
maintaining an information system. This cycle can be divided into four main phases that
cover the life span of information systems. These four phases are: needs assessment, system
selection, implementation, and maintenance. The relationship between these phases is
circular, because needs assessment and evaluation are ongoing processes.
Rationale 2:
The selection and implementation of an information system occurs through a well-defined
process known as the life cycle. This term describes the ongoing process of developing and
maintaining an information system. This cycle can be divided into four main phases that
cover the life span of information systems. These four phases are: needs assessment, system
selection, implementation, and maintenance. The relationship between these phases is
circular, because needs assessment and evaluation are ongoing processes.
Rationale 3:
The selection and implementation of an information system occurs through a well-defined
process known as the life cycle. This term describes the ongoing process of developing and
maintaining an information system. This cycle can be divided into four main phases that
cover the life span of information systems. These four phases are: needs assessment, system
selection, implementation, and maintenance. The relationship between these phases is
circular, because needs assessment and evaluation are ongoing processes.
Rationale 4:
The selection and implementation of an information system occurs through a well-defined
process known as the life cycle. This term describes the ongoing process of developing and
maintaining an information system. This cycle can be divided into four main phases that
cover the life span of information systems. These four phases are: needs assessment, system
selection, implementation, and maintenance. The relationship between these phases is
circular, because needs assessment and evaluation are ongoing processes.
Question 16
Which of the following should the needs assessment committee do as a first step in the
process of determining the organization's information needs?
1. Examining the vision of the organization
2. Using brainstorming to defining the expectations of the information system
3. Examining the strategic plan
4. Examining the mission statement
5. Establishing goals to guide the work of the committee
Correct Answer: 1,3,4
Rationale 1:
The needs assessment committee should start the process by examining the vision and
mission statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. This will guide the
committee in looking to the future and determining the organization's information needs
while continuing to support the mission. From this, goals or a charge should be developed to
guide the work of the committee. The committee should consider using brainstorming
techniques later when defining the expectations of an information system.
Rationale 2:
The needs assessment committee should start the process by examining the vision and
mission statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. The committee should
consider using brainstorming techniques later when defining the expectations of an
information system.
Rationale 3:
The needs assessment committee should start the process by examining the vision and
mission statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. This will guide the
committee in looking to the future and determining the organization's information needs
while continuing to support the mission. From this, goals or a charge should be developed to
guide the work of the committee. The committee should consider using brainstorming
techniques later when defining the expectations of an information system.
Rationale 4:
The needs assessment committee should start the process by examining the vision and
mission statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. This will guide the
committee in looking to the future and determining the organization's information needs
while continuing to support the mission. From this, goals or a charge should be developed to
guide the work of the committee. The committee should consider using brainstorming
techniques later when defining the expectations of an information system.
Rationale 5:
The needs assessment committee should start the process by examining the vision and
mission statements of the organization as well as the strategic plan. This will guide the
committee in looking to the future and determining the organization's information needs
while continuing to support the mission. From this, goals or a charge should be developed to
guide the work of the committee.
Question 17
Which of the following accurately describes the process of determining system requirements?
1. The list of "musts" and "wants" are compiled from information gathered during numerous
interviews.
2. Include only those criteria that are necessary at the present time and not in the future.
3. During the interview process the interviewers use a rating scale to weight the list of
"musts" and "wants" from one to ten.
4. After the interviews are completed, the selection committee members use a rating scale to
weight the list of "musts" and "wants" from one to ten.
5. The criteria are grouped into functional categories to present a full picture of the system
requirements.
Correct Answer: 1,4,5
Rationale 1:
The interviewer asks what information is necessary to conduct business and what information
is desired but not essential. These are called the "musts" and the "wants." It is important to
also consider those criteria that may not be necessary at the present time but might be
important in the future. The information from numerous interviews is then compiled into a
list of "musts" and "wants." The criteria should also be grouped into functional categories to
present a comprehensive picture of the system requirements. The next step is to prioritize or
weight the list of "musts" and "wants" from high to low. To accomplish this task, selection
committee members should develop a rating scale such as a one-to-ten scale or rankings of
low, medium, and high.
Rationale 2:
The interviewer asks what information is necessary to conduct business and what information
is desired but not essential. These are called the "musts" and the "wants." It is important to
also consider those criteria that may not be necessary at the present time but might be
important in the future. The information from numerous interviews is then compiled into a
list of "musts" and "wants." The criteria should also be grouped into functional categories to
present a comprehensive picture of the system requirements. The next step is to prioritize or
weight the list of "musts" and "wants" from high to low. To accomplish this task, selection
committee members should develop a rating scale such as a one-to-ten scale or rankings of
low, medium, and high.
Rationale 3:
The interviewer asks what information is necessary to conduct business and what information
is desired but not essential. These are called the "musts" and the "wants." It is important to
also consider those criteria that may not be necessary at the present time but might be
important in the future. The information from numerous interviews is then compiled into a
list of "musts" and "wants." The criteria should also be grouped into functional categories to
present a comprehensive picture of the system requirements. The next step is to prioritize or
weight the list of "musts" and "wants" from high to low. To accomplish this task, selection
committee members should develop a rating scale such as a one-to-ten scale or rankings of
low, medium, and high.
Rationale 4:
The interviewer asks what information is necessary to conduct business and what information
is desired but not essential. These are called the "musts" and the "wants." It is important to
also consider those criteria that may not be necessary at the present time but might be
important in the future. The information from numerous interviews is then compiled into a
list of "musts" and "wants." The criteria should also be grouped into functional categories to
present a comprehensive picture of the system requirements. The next step is to prioritize or
weight the list of "musts" and "wants" from high to low. To accomplish this task, selection
committee members should develop a rating scale such as a one-to-ten scale or rankings of
low, medium, and high.
Rationale 5:
The interviewer asks what information is necessary to conduct business and what information
is desired but not essential. These are called the "musts" and the "wants." It is important to
also consider those criteria that may not be necessary at the present time but might be
important in the future. The information from numerous interviews is then compiled into a
list of "musts" and "wants." The criteria should also be grouped into functional categories to
present a comprehensive picture of the system requirements. The next step is to prioritize or
weight the list of "musts" and "wants" from high to low. To accomplish this task, selection
committee members should develop a rating scale such as a one-to-ten scale or rankings of
low, medium, and high.
Question 18
Once the decision has been made as to which vendor's system to purchase, which department
of the organization completes the final negotiations?
1. Information technology
2. Chief operating officer
3. Selection committee
4. Legal department
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1:
The enterprise's legal and purchasing representatives may request the names of the three
highest ranked vendors, as well as their RFP responses. In this way, the contract negotiations
will be able to address issues not specifically included in the RFP responses, such as cost
justification and expected implementation schedules. The end result will be the selection of
one vendor and a system that will be implemented in the enterprise. Demands may include
justifying their costs, guaranteeing the implementation schedules, or a specific quick response
time for addressing problems.
Rationale 2:
The enterprise's legal and purchasing representatives may request the names of the three
highest ranked vendors, as well as their RFP responses. In this way, the contract negotiations
will be able to address issues not specifically included in the RFP responses, such as cost
justification and expected implementation schedules. The end result will be the selection of
one vendor and a system that will be implemented in the enterprise. Demands may include
justifying their costs, guaranteeing the implementation schedules, or a specific quick response
time for addressing problems.
Rationale 3:
The enterprise's legal and purchasing representatives may request the names of the three
highest ranked vendors, as well as their RFP responses. In this way, the contract negotiations
will be able to address issues not specifically included in the RFP responses, such as cost
justification and expected implementation schedules. The end result will be the selection of
one vendor and a system that will be implemented in the enterprise. Demands may include
justifying their costs, guaranteeing the implementation schedules, or a specific quick response
time for addressing problems.
Rationale 4:
The enterprise's legal and purchasing representatives may request the names of the three
highest ranked vendors, as well as their RFP responses. In this way, the contract negotiations
will be able to address issues not specifically included in the RFP responses, such as cost
justification and expected implementation schedules. The end result will be the selection of
one vendor and a system that will be implemented in the enterprise. Demands may include
justifying their costs, guaranteeing the implementation schedules, or a specific quick response
time for addressing problems.
Question 19
The methodology to assure the request for proposal (RFP) is structured to ensure successful
system selection includes which of the following criteria?
1. Develop well constructed questions
2. Create a long list of elaborate questions
3. Request a quick review of the organization's needs
4. Selection of the final team to implement the system
5. Randomly ranked requirements
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
All aspects of the RFP must be detailed and precise to facilitate an accurate response from the
vendor. If questions are vague or poorly written, they could easily be misinterpreted by the
vendor. For example, an ambiguous question might lead a vendor to indicate that the system
meets a requirement when in fact it does not. It is advantageous to limit the number of
requirements to those that are most important and to produce a simple and straightforward
document. If an RFP is too lengthy, it will cost both the organization and the vendor a great
deal of time and money to prepare and evaluate. It is difficult to evaluate a long document
that is not focused on the important issues. Finally, a well-written RFP provides a framework
that allows the steering committee to more accurately evaluate the vendor’s proposal.
Rationale 2:
All aspects of the RFP must be detailed and precise to facilitate an accurate response from the
vendor. If questions are vague or poorly written, they could easily be misinterpreted by the
vendor. For example, an ambiguous question might lead a vendor to indicate that the system
meets a requirement when in fact it does not. It is advantageous to limit the number of
requirements to those that are most important and to produce a simple and straightforward
document. If an RFP is too lengthy, it will cost both the organization and the vendor a great
deal of time and money to prepare and evaluate. It is difficult to evaluate a long document
that is not focused on the important issues. Finally, a well-written RFP provides a framework
that allows the steering committee to more accurately evaluate the vendor’s proposal.
Rationale 3:
All aspects of the RFP must be detailed and precise to facilitate an accurate response from the
vendor. If questions are vague or poorly written, they could easily be misinterpreted by the
vendor. For example, an ambiguous question might lead a vendor to indicate that the system
meets a requirement when in fact it does not. It is advantageous to limit the number of
requirements to those that are most important and to produce a simple and straightforward
document. If an RFP is too lengthy, it will cost both the organization and the vendor a great
deal of time and money to prepare and evaluate. It is difficult to evaluate a long document
that is not focused on the important issues. Finally, a well-written RFP provides a framework
that allows the steering committee to more accurately evaluate the vendor’s proposal.
Rationale 4:
All aspects of the RFP must be detailed and precise to facilitate an accurate response from the
vendor. If questions are vague or poorly written, they could easily be misinterpreted by the
vendor. For example, an ambiguous question might lead a vendor to indicate that the system
meets a requirement when in fact it does not. It is advantageous to limit the number of
requirements to those that are most important and to produce a simple and straightforward
document. If an RFP is too lengthy, it will cost both the organization and the vendor a great
deal of time and money to prepare and evaluate. It is difficult to evaluate a long document
that is not focused on the important issues. Finally, a well-written RFP provides a framework
that allows the steering committee to more accurately evaluate the vendor’s proposal.
Rationale 5:
All aspects of the RFP must be detailed and precise to facilitate an accurate response from the
vendor. If questions are vague or poorly written, they could easily be misinterpreted by the
vendor. For example, an ambiguous question might lead a vendor to indicate that the system
meets a requirement when in fact it does not. It is advantageous to limit the number of
requirements to those that are most important and to produce a simple and straightforward
document. If an RFP is too lengthy, it will cost both the organization and the vendor a great
deal of time and money to prepare and evaluate. It is difficult to evaluate a long document
that is not focused on the important issues. Finally, a well-written RFP provides a framework
that allows the steering committee to more accurately evaluate the vendor’s proposal.
Question 20
How long did Melanson, Lindeman, and Jarolim (2007) note that it would take from the time
that a committee is formed until a health care information system selection is finalized?
1. 14 months
2. Two years
3. Six months
4. Three years
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
Presently, it may take 14 months from the time that a committee is formed until a system
selection is finalized. The selection of health care information systems will occur many times
in the future as manual processes are replaced by automated ones and as individual systems
require upgrades, outlive their utility, or can no longer be supported for various reasons. As
the process is repeated, the body of knowledge required to support this practice will continue
to grow helping to ensure the choice of the best system for a given organization.
Rationale 2:
Presently, it may take 14 months from the time that a committee is formed until a system
selection is finalized. The selection of health care information systems will occur many times
in the future as manual processes are replaced by automated ones and as individual systems
require upgrades, outlive their utility, or can no longer be supported for various reasons. As
the process is repeated, the body of knowledge required to support this practice will continue
to grow helping to ensure the choice of the best system for a given organization.
Rationale 3:
Presently, it may take 14 months from the time that a committee is formed until a system
selection is finalized. The selection of health care information systems will occur many times
in the future as manual processes are replaced by automated ones and as individual systems
require upgrades, outlive their utility, or can no longer be supported for various reasons. As
the process is repeated, the body of knowledge required to support this practice will continue
to grow helping to ensure the choice of the best system for a given organization.
Rationale 4:
Presently, it may take 14 months from the time that a committee is formed until a system
selection is finalized. The selection of health care information systems will occur many times
in the future as manual processes are replaced by automated ones and as individual systems
require upgrades, outlive their utility, or can no longer be supported for various reasons. As
the process is repeated, the body of knowledge required to support this practice will continue
to grow helping to ensure the choice of the best system for a given organization.
Question 21
Which of the following answers best represents the use of a Gantt chart?
1. A Gantt chart is a horizontal bar chart used to illustrate the start and finish dates of the
elements of a project.
2. A Gantt chart is useful in the creation of a RFP.
3. A Gantt chart controls the strategic planning process.
4. A Gantt chart is an essential document presented to all stakeholders.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
It is vital to organize responsibilities around a realistic timeframe. A Gantt chart is a
horizontal bar chart used to illustrate the start and finish dates of the elements of a project.
Rationale 2:
It is vital to organize responsibilities around a realistic timeframe. A Gantt chart is a
horizontal bar chart used to illustrate the start and finish dates of the elements of a project.
Rationale 3:
It is vital to organize responsibilities around a realistic timeframe. A Gantt chart is a
horizontal bar chart used to illustrate the start and finish dates of the elements of a project.
Rationale 4:
It is vital to organize responsibilities around a realistic timeframe. A Gantt chart is a
horizontal bar chart used to illustrate the start and finish dates of the elements of a project.
Question 22
Which of the following statements best describes the term milestone?
1. A milestone is essential in developing a timeline.
2. A milestone delineates strategic planning goals.
3. A milestone is a major entity in the system's maintenance.
4. A milestone guides the selection of the system.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
It is essential to develop a timeline that delineates the major events or milestones when
working through the various phases of the information system's life cycle.
Rationale 2:
It is essential to develop a timeline that delineates the major events or milestones when
working through the various phases of the information system's life cycle
Rationale 3:
It is essential to develop a timeline that delineates the major events or milestones when
working through the various phases of the information system's life cycle.
Rationale 4:
It is essential to develop a timeline that delineates the major events or milestones when
working through the various phases of the information system's life cycle.
Question 23
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the difference between down
time and response time?
1. Response time is the period of time when an information system is not operational and
available for use whereas down time is the amount of time between a user action and the
response from the information system.
2. Response time is the moment information is gleaned from the computer whereas down
time is the period when the system is off.
3. Response time is the amount of time between a user action and the response from the
information system whereas downtime refers to the period of time when an information
system is not operational and available for use.
4. Response time occurs when the software is downloaded whereas down time refers to the
period of time it takes for the software to activate.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
Response time is the amount of time between a user action and the response from the
information system. For example, after the user selects a laboratory test from a menu, the
system requires a certain amount of processing time before that result can be viewed.
Downtime refers to the period of time when an information system is not operational and
available for use.
Rationale 2:
Response time is the amount of time between a user action and the response from the
information system. For example, after the user selects a laboratory test from a menu, the
system requires a certain amount of processing time before that result can be viewed.
Downtime refers to the period of time when an information system is not operational and
available for use.
Rationale 3:
Response time is the amount of time between a user action and the response from the
information system. For example, after the user selects a laboratory test from a menu, the
system requires a certain amount of processing time before that result can be viewed.
Downtime refers to the period of time when an information system is not operational and
available for use.
Rationale 4:
Response time is the amount of time between a user action and the response from the
information system. For example, after the user selects a laboratory test from a menu, the
system requires a certain amount of processing time before that result can be viewed.
Downtime refers to the period of time when an information system is not operational and
available for use.
Question 24
Which of the following answers describes the relationship between an open system
architecture environment and the central processing unit?
1. Architecture refers to the goals of the central processing unit and its interrelated elements.
2. Architecture refers to the structure of the central processing unit and its interrelated
elements.
3. Architecture refers to the maintenance of the central processing unit and its interrelated
elements.
4. Architecture refers to the technology of the central processing unit and its interrelated
elements.
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
Architecture refers to the structure of the central processing unit and its interrelated elements.
An open system uses protocols and technology that follow publicly accepted conventions and
are used by multiple vendors so that various system components can work together.
Rationale 2:
Architecture refers to the structure of the central processing unit and its interrelated elements.
An open system uses protocols and technology that follow publicly accepted conventions and
are used by multiple vendors so that various system components can work together.
Rationale 3:
Architecture refers to the structure of the central processing unit and its interrelated elements.
Rationale 4:
Architecture refers to the structure of the central processing unit and its interrelated elements.
Question 25
The information system life cycle can be divided into four phases that cover the life span of
information systems. Which of the following answers best describes the end of the
relationship?
1. There is no end to the life cycle.
2. The life cycle ends with implementation.
3. The life cycle ends with evaluation.
4. The life cycle ends with assessment.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
The system life cycle can be divided into four phases that cover the life span of information
systems. The relationship between these phases is circular in nature, because needs
assessment and evaluation are ongoing processes.
Rationale 2:
The system life cycle can be divided into four phases that cover the life span of information
systems. The relationship between these phases is circular in nature, because needs
assessment and evaluation are ongoing processes.
Rationale 3:
The system life cycle can be divided into four phases that cover the life span of information
systems. The relationship between these phases is circular in nature, because needs
assessment and evaluation are ongoing processes.
Rationale 4:
The system life cycle can be divided into four phases that cover the life span of information
systems. The relationship between these phases is circular in nature, because needs
assessment and evaluation are ongoing processes.
Question 26
Which of the following phases is the first step of the information system life cycle?
1. Implementation
2. Needs assessment
3. System selection
4. Maintenance
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1:
The life cycle process is continuous. The first phase is the needs assessment.
Rationale 2:
Life cycle is described as the ongoing process of developing and maintaining an information
system. The first phase is the needs assessment.
Rationale 3:
The life cycle process is continuous. The first phase is the needs assessment.
Rationale 4:
The life cycle process is continuous. The first phase is the needs assessment.
Question 27
The information system life cycle can be divided into main phases that cover the life span of
information systems. Which of the following phases of the life cycle apply to the
organization's information system?
1. Needs assessment
2. Purchasing phase
3. System selection
4. Upgrading phase
5. Internal review
Correct Answer: 1,3
Rationale 1:
The needs assessment is a crucial phase of the life cycle. This phase is ongoing and
systematic.
Rationale 2:
Purchasing the equipment is embedded in the process but is not considered a unique phase of
the life cycle.
Rationale 3:
System selection is considered part of the life cycle. This phase occurs after the needs
assessment and before the implementation phases.
Rationale 4:
Upgrading the system occurs in relation to the needs of the organization and the availability
of resources to support it.
Rationale 5:
Internal assessments or reviews are part of the strategic planning process.
Question 28
Once the strategic plan has been developed which identifies the organization's technology
goals and needs, the selection and implementation of an information system occurs through a
well-defined process known as the ________________________.
Correct Answer: life cycle
Rationale:
Once the goals and needs of the system have been identified by the strategic plan, the
selection and implementation of an information system occur through a well defined process
known as the life cycle. The life cycle begins once these goals are developed.
Question 29
This week, the attending physicians for a large urban primary care facility have set the goal
for the implementation of the new technology system to coincide with the opening of the
cardiology wing. The unit is scheduled to admit patients in six months; however, a needs
assessment must first be completed. Which of the following statements accurately defines the
purpose of the needs assessment?
1. The needs assessment identifies the organization's information needs.
2. The needs assessment can be completed during the opening of the new wing.
3. The needs assessment is not necessary with new construction.
4. Plans for the construction are unrelated to the needs assessment.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
The purpose of the needs assessment is to determine the gap between an organization’s
current state and the overall needs of the organization with consideration to the strategic plan.
The process is usually initiated by a person or group with a vision of the future.
Rationale 2:
The purpose of the needs assessment is to determine the gap between an organization’s
current state and the overall needs of the organization with consideration to the strategic plan.
The process is usually initiated by a person or group with a vision of the future.
Rationale 3:
The purpose of the needs assessment is to determine the gap between an organization’s
current state and the overall needs of the organization with consideration to the strategic plan.
The process is usually initiated by a person or group with a vision of the future.
Rationale 4:
The purpose of the needs assessment is to determine the gap between an organization’s
current state and the overall needs of the organization with consideration to the strategic plan.
The process is usually initiated by a person or group with a vision of the future.
Question 30
The purpose of the ________________________ is to determine the gap between an
organization’s current state and the overall needs of the organization with consideration to the
strategic plan.
Correct Answer: needs assessment
Rationale:
The purpose of the needs assessment is to determine the gap between an organization’s
current state and the overall needs of the organization with consideration to the strategic plan.
Question 31
Which statement accurately reflects the union of the mission statement with identification of
the technology needs?
1. "The staff of St. Francis Hospital are dedicated to the provision of quality, individualized
patient care from a Roman Catholic tradition through the incorporation of values, holistic
care, and state of the art technology."
2. "The staff of Riverside Memorial Hospital are dedicated to providing comprehensive
patient care."
3. "The mission of Unionville Hospice is to render quality end-of-life care and the
commitment of blending holistic care with palliative therapies."
4. "Good Samaritan Hospital provides a high tech environment for all patients."
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
The mission statement of the institution reflects the use of technology and commitment to
quality patient care.
Rationale 2:
The mission statement does not reflect technology use.
Rationale 3:
The mission statement does not reflect the use of technology.
Rationale 4:
This is not considered a mission statement.
Question 32
A _____________________ will facilitate the evaluation of complicated request for proposal
responses from vendors and will improve the ability of the steering committee to make an
informed decision.
Correct Answer: weighted scoring tool
Rationale:
The use of a weighted scoring tool or strategy can facilitate the decision making process
through quantitative measures.
Question 33
The pediatric technology committee has determined the need for enhanced bedside
technology for ventilated patients. After a lengthy review process, the committee continues to
debate the "musts" and "needs" of the new system. The best way to facilitate complex
decision making is through the development of which of the following?
1. Strategic planning
2. A timeline
3. Conflict resolution skills
4. Weighted scoring tool
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1:
A weighted scoring strategy is a quantitative method of selecting a system. Selecting
stakeholders quantify through a system the weight of options and needs. Once vendor bids
are obtained, the options are placed in a grid and measured against each other. This method
assures an objective selection of the vendor.
Rationale 2:
A weighted scoring strategy is a quantitative method of selecting a system. Selecting
stakeholders quantify through a system the weight of options and needs. Once vendor bids
are obtained, the options are placed in a grid and measured against each other. This method
assures an objective selection of the vendor.
Rationale 3:
A weighted scoring strategy is a quantitative method of selecting a system. Selecting
stakeholders quantify through a system the weight of options and needs. Once vendor bids
are obtained, the options are placed in a grid and measured against each other. This method
assures an objective selection of the vendor.
Rationale 4:
A weighted scoring strategy is a quantitative method of selecting a system. Selecting
stakeholders quantify through a system the weight of options and needs. Once vendor bids
are obtained, the options are placed in a grid and measured against each other. This method
assures an objective selection of the vendor.
Question 34
Which of the following questions is not appropriate for a committee to ask when the vendors
submit the response to a request for proposal (RFP)?
1. Was the response submitted by the deadline date?
2. Were the vendor representatives responsive and knowledgeable?
3. Will the vendor select the hardware and software needs of the organization?
4. Does the proposal address the requirements outlined in the RFP, or does it appear to be a
standard bid?
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1:
This is an important question and can determine whether a vendor would be responsive once
selected.
Rationale 2:
This question seeks to identify whether the vendor's team is capable of handling the specific
technology needs of the organization.
Rationale 3:
The vendor's response to the RFP is based upon the committee's written technological needs
as determined by committee members. The vendor does not select the equipment or software.
One point to consider when defining system requirements is to avoid limiting the vendor to
specific configurations, such as the type and number of devices, because the vendor may be
able to suggest better solutions. The requirements should not necessitate the vendor to
recreate a manual or current automated system. These limitations may prohibit the vendor
from exploring improved methods of information use with the proposed technology (Metrick,
2002).
Rationale 4:
The proposal should address the requirements outlined in the RFP. The customer may be
seeking customization of a system and, therefore, requires specific responses based on their
own needs.
Question 35
Techno-H has been selected for as the vendor focused on the technology update for Tall Trees
Hospital. Now that the vendor has been chosen, the staff have discovered a number of
additional upgrades that they would like added to the contract. Which of the following
statements would be considered reasonable requests?
1. Increased technological support during implementation phase
2. Workshops led by vendor during off shifts
3. Provide user friendly help manuals
4. Vendor representative demonstrates live system.
5. Request price reduction after contract has been negotiated.
Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4
Rationale 1:
Increased technological support during the implementation phase is a reasonable request as it
ensures that the hospital staff receives adequate assistance and guidance while the new
technology is being integrated into their operations. This can help minimize disruptions and
ensure a smooth transition.
Rationale 2:
Workshops led by the vendor during off shifts accommodate the staff's schedules and ensure
that they have opportunities to receive training and support without disrupting their regular
work hours. This demonstrates flexibility on the part of the vendor to accommodate the needs
of the hospital.
Rationale 3:
Providing user-friendly help manuals is a reasonable request as it enhances the usability of
the system for the hospital staff. Clear and comprehensive documentation can facilitate
learning and troubleshooting, ultimately improving user satisfaction and system adoption.
Rationale 4:
Requesting a vendor representative to demonstrate the live system allows the hospital staff to
see the technology in action and ask any questions they may have. This hands-on approach
can help build confidence in the system and ensure that the staff understands its capabilities
and functionalities.
Rationale 5:
Requesting a price reduction after the contract has been negotiated may not be considered a
reasonable request as it can disrupt the agreed-upon terms and conditions. Negotiating price
adjustments should ideally be done before finalizing the contract, unless there are significant
changes or unforeseen circumstances that warrant renegotiation.
Question 36
Which of the following statements is accurate about the contract negotiation process and
system purchase?
1. Contract negotiations are carried out by the organization's legal enterprise.
2. Contract negotiations begin with the RFP.
3. The steering committee is part of the contract negotiation process.
4. The contract negotiation is the last phase of the life cycle.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1:
The contract negotiations by the legal department address issues not specifically included in
the RFP responses, such as cost justification and expected implementation schedules.
Rationale 2:
The contract negotiations by the legal department address issues not specifically included in
the RFP responses, such as cost justification and expected implementation schedules.
Rationale 3:
The contract negotiations by the legal department address issues not specifically included in
the RFP responses, such as cost justification and expected implementation schedules.
Rationale 4:
The contract negotiations by the legal department address issues not specifically included in
the RFP responses, such as cost justification and expected implementation schedules.
Test Bank for Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals
Toni Lee Hebda, Patricia Czar, Theresa Calderone
9780132574952, 9780132959544, 9780134711010, 9780131512627, 9780130311023, 9780805373264, 9780135205433, 9780135043943
