ATI Nursing Exams
ATI Testing Exams: Engage Adult Medical Surgical RN – RN Critical
Alterations in Perfusion
1.
2.
3. A nurse is reviewing concepts related to shock with a newly graduated nurse. Which of the
following information should the nurse Include in the teaching?
A. Shock results in excess aerobic cellular metabolism.
B. Shock is the result of circulatory failure
C. Shock causes increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR) resulting in the dilation of blood
vessels.
D. Shock results in increased myocardial contractility.
Answer: B. Shock is the result of circulatory failure
4. A nurse is providing education to clients at a community health fair regarding cardiovascular
health and risk factors. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
A. "Sudden cardiac arrest occurs infrequently and is considered a minor public health burden.”
B. “Coronary artery disease is the greatest risk factor for cardiac arrest”
C. “Anaphylactic shock is the leading risk factor for cardiac arrest in the hospital.’’
D. "Younger age and being female increases the risk for cardiac arrest."
Answer: B. “Coronary artery disease is the greatest risk factor for cardiac arrest”
5. A nurse is providing care For several clients on a cardiac floor. Which of the following is a
comorbidity that increases the client s risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?
A. Chronic asthma
B. Osteoarthritis
C. Renal insufficiency
D. Addison’s Disease
Answer: C. Renal insufficiency
6. A nurse is assessing a client admitted for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) 2 days ago.
Which of the following psychosocial manifestations might the client display?
A. Reporting sleeping soundly for 8 hours per night
B. Reporting abdominal fullness
C. Expressing a sense of powerlessness
D. Bruit over the carotid artery
Answer: C. Expressing a sense of powerlessness
7. A nurse Is completing a postoperative assessment of a client after surgical repair of an
abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). What are the most important components for the nurse to
include as part of the focused data collection? (Select all that apply.)
A. Pedal pulses
B. Ecchymosis to abdomen
C. Urine output
D. Radial pulses
E. Serum sodium
Answer: A. Pedal pulses
B. Ecchymosis to abdomen
C. Urine output
8. A nurse is teaching a new graduate nurse about the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
(SOFA) scoring system. Which of the following does a SOFA score assess?
A. The SOFA score distinguishes between acute and chronic organ dysfunction.
B. A SOFA score assesses the risk of mortality in relation to cardiac dysrhythmias.
C. The SOFA score is used to identify the correct antibiotic to treat sepsis.
D. A SOFA score assesses the risk of morality in relation to multiple organ dysfunction
syndrome (MODS)
Answer: D. A SOFA score assesses the risk of morality in relation to multiple organ dysfunction
syndrome (MODS)
9. A nurse is teaching a client about cardiac tamponade (CT). Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Accumulation of fluid around the heart causes CT
B. CT results in increased cardiac output.
C. CT causes a softening of the left ventricle, increasing cardiac output.
D. CT Is a disorder related to atrial fibrillation.
Answer: A. Accumulation of fluid around the heart causes CT
10. A nurse is providing care for a client who has multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)
following severe pneumonia. Which of the following is the possible physiological impact of
MODS on a client’s health?
A. The number of organ systems affected during MOOS only slightly increases the chance of
death.
B. Decreased urine output and kidney injury can occur due to decreased renal perfusion.
C. Clients receive via mask as a precaution during MODS.
D. The liver is often the last organ to be affected by MODS.
Answer: B. Decreased urine output and kidney injury can occur due to decreased renal
perfusion.
11. A nurse is providing care tor a client who has systemic inflammatory response syndrome
(SIRS). Which of the following is a risk factor that could have contributed to the development of
SIRS?
A. Injecting illicit drugs
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Increased pain
D. Acute stress
Answer: A. Injecting illicit drugs
12. A nurse Is discharging a client who Is at high risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
Which of the following Information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client?
(Select all that apply.)
A. The client should be instructed to stop smoking.
B. The client should resume a regular diet.
C. The client should be taught to monitor blood pressure.
D. The client should manage anxiety to reduce stress
E. The client should be taught to Implement a walking program.
Answer: A. The client should be instructed to stop smoking.
C. The client should be taught to monitor blood pressure.
D. The client should manage anxiety to reduce stress
E. The client should be taught to Implement a walking program.
13. A nurse Is reviewing a clients chart to identify risk factors for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).
The nurse should state that septic shock Is the leading risk of cardiac arrest in the hospital.
(Select all that apply.)
A. Decreased C-reactive protein levels
B. Active lifestyle
C. 74-year old male
D. History of gout
E. History of dyslipidemia
F. Obesity
Answer: C. 74-year old male
E. History of dyslipidemia
F. Obesity
14. A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about septic shock. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the reaching?
A. Septic shock occurs when Intravascular volume decreases due to poor cardiac output.
B. Septic shock occurs due to a severe hypersensitivity mediated by immunoglobulin E.
C. Septic shock occurs due to autonomic dysregulation followed by a spinal cord injury
D. Septic shock is a result of the release of inflammatory cytokines
Answer: D. Septic shock is a result of the release of inflammatory cytokines
15. A nurse Is providing care tor a client during a cardiac arrest. The Code Leader Is preparing
the first dose of amiodarone. What dosage of amiodarone should the nurse anticipate the Code
Leader to prepare for the first dose?
A. 150 mg
B. 200 mg
C. 250 mg
D. 300 mg
Answer: D. 300 mg
16. A nurse is providing care to a client who has a severe infection and has developed
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following interventions should the
nurse include in their care of the client?
A. Provide a razor to the client to perform ADLs.
B. Monitor routine vital signs once a shift.
C. Treat the underlying infection with antibiotics
D. Wean oxygen down as a decrease in oxygen saturation is expected.
Answer: C. Treat the underlying infection with antibiotics
17. A nurse is providing care to a client who is unresponsive, without a pulse, and not breathing.
Which of the following actions are the nurse's priority as a first responder? (Select all that
apply.)
A. Instruct a team member to get the crash cart.
B. Begin CPR.
C. Get the automatic external defibrillator (AED).
D. Call for help.
E. Identify staff roles in the emergency response.
F. Assess for and establish venous IV access.
Answer: A. Instruct a team member to get the crash cart.
B. Begin CPR.
D. Call for help.
18. A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) that
occurred as a result of sepsis. Which of the following manifestations may be observed in a client
experiencing DIC? (Select all that apply.)
A. Bradycardia
B. Ecchymosis
C. Bleeding around IV insertion site
D. Hematuria
E. Hypothermia
F. Dyspnea
Answer: B. Ecchymosis
C. Bleeding around IV insertion site
F. Dyspnea
19. A nurse is providing ca re for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery, why does the nurse need to monitor for physiological and
psychological health impairment?
A. Pain is expected and does not affect physiological health,
B. Psychological health Influences positive outcome after CABG more than physiological needs.
C. Wound infections occur because of a decreased psychological recovery from the surgery.
D. Psychological distress can cause hyperactivation of the sympathetic pathway, worsening
physiological outcomes.
Answer: D. Psychological distress can cause hyperactivation of the sympathetic pathway,
worsening physiological outcomes.
20. The nurse is planning care for a client with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).
What should the nurse Include on the care plan? (Select all that apply)
A. Monitor client for hemodynamic stability.
B. Maintain the client on bedrest for at least 48 hours.
C. Reposition client every 2 hours.
D. Administer fresh frozen plasma.
E. Discuss assessment findings with the team.
Answer: A. Monitor client for hemodynamic stability.
C. Reposition client every 2 hours.
E. Discuss assessment findings with the team.
21. A nurse is planning care for a client who has been admitted for evaluation of their heart
valves. The nurse should anticipate the client will undergo which of the following tests?
A. Echocardiogram
B. Electrocardiogram (EKG)
C. Chest x-ray
D. Stress test
Answer: A. Echocardiogram
22. A nurse is providing discharge Instructions to a client who has survived cardiac tamponade
(CT). The client's family asks the nurse what complications can occur after cardiac tamponade.
Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. The client may have anxiety, restless ness, confusion and difficulty breathing.
B. The client may develop heart failure as a complication.
C. The client may have new cardiac dysrhythmias that require a defibrillator.
D. The client may require long-term parenteral nutrition.
E. The client may have increased mortality risk if the cause is from malignancy.
Answer: A. The client may have anxiety, restless ness, confusion and difficulty breathing.
B. The client may develop heart failure as a complication.
E. The client may have increased mortality risk if the cause is from malignancy.
23. A nurse Is teaching a student nurse about the coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
procedure. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select
all that apply.)
A. CABG is a procedure that restores blood flow to the heart muscle.
B. Blood vessels are taken from an artery in the leg and grafted onto a section of the aorta
C. Regional anesthesia is used when a CABG procedure is performed.
D. During CABG surgery, chemicals and hypothermia are used to stop the heart.
E. To access the heart, the surgeon cuts through the rib cage over the left chest wall.
Answer: A. CABG is a procedure that restores blood flow to the heart muscle.
D. During CABG surgery, chemicals and hypothermia are used to stop the heart.
24. A nurse is caring for a client following a cardiac arrest that was successfully treated with
external defibrillation. Which of the following rhythms is the most likely cause of the client's
cardiac arrest?
A. Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)
B. Ventricular fibrillation
C. Atrial flutter
D. Sinus bradycardia
Answer: B. Ventricular fibrillation
25. A nurse is providing care For a client during a cardiac arrest. Following the first shock for a
client with ventricular fibrillation (VF), which of the following actions should the nurse be
prepared to take?
A. Perform CPR for 2 min
B. Provide an additional shock.
C. Administer oxygen.
D. Administer 1 mg Epinephrine IV push.
Answer: A. Perform CPR for 2 min
26. A nurse is providing care For several clients. Which of the following clients is at greatest risk
for cardiac tamponade?
A. A client being treated for Grave’s disease with radioiodine therapy
B. A client with diabetes and is receiving intravenous insulin therapy
C. A Client undergoing central line insertion for parental nutrition
D. A client who has a severe head Injury and Is undergoing intracranial pressure monitoring
Answer: C. A Client undergoing central line insertion for parental nutrition
27. A nurse Is providing care for a client with cardiac tamponade (CT). Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)
A. Jugular venous distention (JVD)
B. Hypertension
C. Muffled heart sounds
D. Tachypnea
E. Pulsus alternans
Answer: A. Jugular venous distention (JVD)
C. Muffled heart sounds
D. Tachypnea
28. A nurse Is planning care for a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Red blood cell (RBC) count
B. D-dimer
C. Prothrombin time (PT)
D. Troponin
E. Fibrinogen
Answer: B. D-dimer
C. Prothrombin time (PT)
D. Troponin
E. Fibrinogen
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