ATI Fundamental Practice Exam
1. A nurse is collecting data about a client’s respiratory system. Which of the following breath
sounds should the nurse expect to hear over the periphery of the major lung fields?
Answer: Vesicular (Vesicular sounds are soft and low-pitched)
2. A nurse employs a thorough, systematic method for obtaining OBJECTIVE data about a
client. Which of the following methods should the nurse us to collect this information?
Answer: Physical Examination (Physical findings are objective and the nurse should collect this
information in a systematic way.
3. A nurse is assisting a provider with performing thoracentesis to remove pleural fluid. How
should the nurse position the client?
Answer: Leaning forward over a pillow.
4. A nurse is preparing to insert an NG tube for a client who requires enteral feedings. Which of
the following instructions should the nurse give the client before beginning the procedure?
Answer: “Raise your index finger if you need to pause during the insertion.”
5. A nurse is performing a mental-status exam for a client who has manifestations of dementia.
Which of the following directions should the nurse give the client when evaluating the client’s
ability to think abstractly?
Answer: Discuss the meaning of a common proverb. (Evaluates clients ability to think
abstractly.)
6. A nurse is presenting an in-service session about nutrition. Which of the following simple
sugars should the nurse identify as the carb found in milk?
Answer: LACTOSE (Sugar found in milk)
7. A nurse is assisting with teaching a newly licensed nurse about pain management in clients age
of 65 and older. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include?
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Answer: Clients who are 65 or older are reluctant to report pain. (Might not want to bother or
anger caregivers and might believe that pain is expected.)
8. A nurse in an oncology clinic is collecting data for a client who is undergoing treatment for
ovarian cancer. Which of the following statements by the client indicate she is experiencing
psychological distress?
Answer: “I keep having nightmares about my upcoming surgeries.”
9. A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client to the medical unit and asks if he has
advance directives. The client states “I have a document with me that names someone who can
make health care decisions for me if i am not able.” The nurse should identify that the client is
referring to which of the following documents?
Answer: Durable Power of Attorney Document (names a surrogate who can make health
decisions or the client if the client is unable to do so)
10. A nurse is admitting a client who is experiencing an exacerbation of heart failure. At which of
the following times should the nurse initiate discharge planning?
Answer: During the admission process. (Nurse should initiate discharge planning as soon as the
client is admitted to the facility.
11. A nurse discovers that a client received the wrong medication. Which of the following should
the nurse take first?
Answer: Collect data from the client. (For any side effects from either receiving the wrong
medication or not receiving the prescribed medication”
12. A nurse is performing eye irrigation for a client who was exposed to smoke and ash. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Exert pressure on the bony prominences when holding the eyelids open.
13. A nurse is measuring the blood pressure for several clients. Which of the following results is
within the expected reference range for blood pressure?
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Answer: 116/70 mmHg
14. A nurse is assisting a client who has dysphagia at mealtime. Which following actions should
the nurse take?
Answer: Advise the client to tuck his chin downward.
15. A nurse is collecting data from a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety regarding a
recent diagnosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Answer: Increased blood pressure.
16. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a Group of unit nurses about the experiences of clients
who are having surgery. Which phase of care begins with transferring the client to the surgical
suite table and ends with the transfer tp PACU?
Answer: Intraoperative
17. A nurse is examining a client’s thyroid gland. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse give the client before inspecting and palpating this gland?
Answer: “Turn your head back and swallow.”
18. A nurse is instructing an assistive personnel AP about proper hand hygiene. Which of the
following statements by the AP indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Answer: “Sometimes, i should use soap and water rather than an alcohol-based rub to clean my
hands.”
19. A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has gout. The nurse discovers
that an error was made during the previous shift in which the client received atenolol instead of
allopurinol. Which of the following interventions is the nurse’s priority?
Answer: Measure the client’s apical pulse
20. A nurse is collecting data about a client’s peripheral pulses. Which of the following
descriptions should the nurse use to document the finding?
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Answer: Peripheral pulses bilaterally symmetric, equal, and strong in all 4 extremities.
21. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has heart failure about reducing his daily
intake of sodium. Which of the following factors is the most important in determining the client’s
ability to learn new dietary habits?
Answer: The involvement of the client in planning the change
22. A nurse is supervising a newly licensed nurse who is administering a controlled substance.
Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the
procedure?
Answer: Asking another nurse to observe disposal of an unused portion of the medication
23. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of older adults about expected changes of aging.
Which of the following statements by a group member indicates that the teaching has been
effective?
Answer: “I should expect my heart to rate to take longer to return to normal after exercise as I
get older.”
24. A nurse at a screening clinic is collecting data for a client who reports a history of a heart
murmur related to aortic valve stenosis. At which of the following anatomical areas should the
nurse place the stethoscope to auscultation the aortic valve?
Answer: Second intercostal space to the right of the sternum.
25. A nurse is changing the dressings for a client recovering from an appendectomy following a
ruptured appendix. The client’s surgical wound is healing by secondary intention. Which of the
following observations should the nurse report to the provider?
Answer: Halo of erythema on the surrounding of the skin. (Redness around the skin, which may
underly an infection)
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26. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings through an NG
tube. The specific gravity of the client’s urine is 1.035. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
Answer: Provide more water feedings. (Nurse should provide more fluids by adding free water.)
27. A nurse is administering a cleansing enema to a client who is scheduled for a diagnostic
procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Insert the tip of the tubing 8cm (3.1inches)
28. A nurse is examining a client for signs of costovertebral angle tenderness. The nurse should
place the client in which of the following positions for the evaluation?
Answer: Sitting
29. A nurse is caring for a client who requires a dressing change. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
Answer: Clean the drain site from the center outward.
30. A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take when providing oral care for the client?
Answer: Test for the presence of the client’s GAG REFLEX.
31. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about a surgical procedure that she will undergo
later in the day. The client states that no one has spoken to her about this procedure before.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Stop reinforcing the teaching and check with the surgeon about informed consent.
32. A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting confusion. The nurse should identify that
which of the following laboratory values can cause confusion?
Answer: Sodium 123 mEq/L
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33. A nurse observes an assistive personnel (AP) preparing to obtain blood pressure with a
regular sized cuff for a client who is obese? Which of the following explanations should the
nurse give the AP?
Answer: “Using a cuff that is too small will result in an inaccurately high reading.”
34. A nurse is reviewing the lab results for a client who has a non-healing wound. Wound
cultures have identified vancomycin-resistant (VRE). Which of the following types of
precautions should the nurse initiate?
Answer: CONTACT
35. A nurse in a long-term care facility is feeding a client. Which of the following observations
should the nurse identify as an indication that the client requires an evaluation for dysphagia?
Answer: Pocketing food.
36. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about crutch use with a client who has had knee surgery.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Answer: “Hold both crutches with a hand when you sit down in a chair.”
37. A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client to a facility. the client wears eyeglasses and
has a hearing aid. Which of the following actions should the nurse take before beginning the
interview process.
Answer: Make sure the device is functioning
38. A nurse is caring for a client who reports not sleeping at night, which interferes with her
ability to function during the day. Which of the following interventions should the nurse suggest
to this client?
Answer: Avoid beverages that contain caffeine.
39. A nurse is caring for a client who has a hearing impairment. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse use when speaking with the client?
Answer: Face the client when speaking
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40. A nurse is caring for a client who is hospitalized and has a new tracheostomy. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take when performing tracheostomy care for the client?
Answer: Soak the inner cannula of the tracheostomy tube in normal saline.
41. A nurse is caring for a client who has a gastric ulcer. The nurse should explain that prolonged
exposure of the body to stress can also cause which of the following to occur?
Answer: Hyperglycemia
42. A nurse manager is providing teaching to a group of newly licensed nurses about ways that
clients acquire healthcare associated infections (HAI’s). Which of the following routes of
infection should the manager identify as an iatrogenic HAI?
Answer: Infection acquired from a diagnostic procedure
43. A nurse is collecting data from a client who is postoperative. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is experiencing pain?
Answer: GRIMACING
44. A nurse is monitoring a client’s laboratory results. Which of the following results should the
nurse report to the provider?
Answer: Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
45. A nurse is assisting a client who is eating at mealtime. Suddenly, the client grabs her neck
with both hands and appears frightened. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
first?
Answer: Determine whether the client is able to breathe.
46. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is using a patient controlled analgesia
(PCA) pump to deliver morphine for pain management. Which of the following statements
should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?
Answer: “I can still use my TENS unit even though I’m pushing the PCA button.”
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47. A nurse on a rehabilitation unit is preparing to transfer a client who is unable to walk from a
bed to a wheelchair. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use?
Answer: Place the wheelchair at a 45 degree angle to the bed
48. A nurse is caring for a client who had a mastectomy and has a self-suction drainage evacuator
in place. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure paper operation of the
device?
Answer: Collapse air from the device after emptying
49. A nurse is discussing fire safety with newly hired nurses. Which of the following actions is
the priority if a fire occurs in the healthcare facility?
Answer: Evacuate clients from the unit
50. A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma about the proper use of an albuterol inhaler.
Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Answer: “I will shake the inhaler well right before I use it.”
51. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a wound infection following
abdominal surgery. To promote healing and fight infection, which of the following vitamins
and/or minerals should the nurse plan to increase in the client’s diet?
Answer: Vitamin C and Zinc
52. A nurse is preparing to instill a vaginal medication in suppository form to a client. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take during this procedure?
Answer: Use the index finger to insert the suppository
53. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the use of a straight-legged cane. Which of
the following client actions indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Answer: The client holds the cane on the unaffected side.
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54. A nurse is administering a controlled substance to a client who is postoperative. The IM
dosage requires the nurse to use only part of the amount of medication in the vial. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Have another nurse witness the disposal of the medication.
55. A nurse is administering medication to a client who asks the nurse to leave the medication at
the bedside so she can take it at a later time. Which of the following responses should the nurse
provide?
Answer: “Call me when you are ready, and I will return with the medication.”
56. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to receive transcutaneous electrical nerve
stimulation (TENS) for pain management. The client asks the nurse how a TENS unit help
relieve pain. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Answer: “It modulates the transmission of the pain impulse.”
57. A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is having difficulty with muscle
coordination following a head injury. The nurse should suspect an injury to which of the
following areas of the brain?
Answer: Cerebellum
58. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has hypertension and is starting medication
therapy for treatment. The provider has a recommend that, because of these new medications, the
client should increase her intake of potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse
remind the client to include in her diet?
Answer: Bananas
59. A nurse is preparing to collect data about the function of a client’s trigeminal nerve or cranial
nerve (CN) V. Which of the following items should the nurse gather for the test?
Answer: Cotton wisps
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60. A nurse in a provider’s office is reinforcing teaching with a client about foods that are high in
fiber. Which of the following food choices made by the client indicate an understanding of the
teaching?
Answer: Black beans, Whole-grain bread
61. A nurse is performing suctioning for a client who has a tracheostomy. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Pull back the suction catheter by 1cm (0.5in) if the client starts coughing
62. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous enteral feedings through an NG
tube and develops diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Request a prescription for an isotonic enteral nutrition formula
63. A nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness, the client is restless and reports
severe pain but refuses the prescribed opioid pain medication. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take first?
Answer: Ask why the client is refusing the medication
64. A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to a long-term care facility for rehabilitation
after a total hip arthroplasty. At which of the following times should the nurse begin assisting
discharge planning?
Answer: Upon admission to the care facility.
65. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a preschooler about how to use a metered-dose inhaler.
Which of the following methods should the nurse use during this instructional session?
Answer: A simple demonstration of inhaler use
66. A nurse on a med-surgical unit is caring for a client. Which of the following actions should
the nurse perform first when using the nursing process?
Answer: Obtain client information
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67. A nurse is caring for a client who has an NG tube for intermittent enteral feedings. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Elevate the client’s head of the bed 45 degrees before the feeding.
68. A nurse is beginning her shift and reviewing the medication administration records (MARS)
for her clients. She notes a medication dosage above the safe range and sees that another nurse
administered that dosage during the previous shift. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
Answer: Call the provider to clarify the dosage
69. A nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness. The client asks several questions
about the nurse’s religious beliefs related to death and dying. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
Answer: Encourage the client to express his thoughts about death and dying.
70. A nurse is helping a client perform range of motion exercises of the neck. For evaluating
neck flexion, which of the following motions should the nurse instruct the client to perform?
Answer: Touching his chin to his chest
71. A nurse is caring for a client who is in the terminal stage of cancer. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take when she observes the client crying?
Answer: Sit and hold the client’s hand
72. A nurse is preparing a liquid medication from a multi-dose bottle prior to administering it to a
client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Place the cap of the bottle upside down on a clean surface.
73. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling catheter. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse give the client to ease the passage of the catheter through the urinary meatus?
Answer: “Bear down.”
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74. A client who has glaucoma of the right eye self-administers timolol eye drops by looking at
the ceiling, instilling a drop onto the center of the conjunctival sac, and applying gentle pressure
to the lower lid with a facial tissue. After observing this process, which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
Answer: Instruct the client to apply pressure to the inside corner of the eye after instillation.
75. A nurse is caring for a client who was transferred to the surgical unit by stretcher from the
PACU. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first after the transfer?
Answer: Check the client’s vital signs
76. A nurse is collecting data on a client. The nurse should recognize that which of the following
findings places the client at risk for impaired skin integrity?
Answer: Faint pedal pulses
77. A nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty breathing. The client is lying in bed
with a nasal cannula delivering oxygen. Which of the following interventions is the nurse’s
priority?
Answer: Assist the client to an upright position.
78. A nurse is planning weight loss strategies for a group of clients who are obese. Which of the
following actions by the nurse will improve the clients’ commitment to a long-term goal of
weight loss?
Answer: Attempting to increase the clients’ self motivation.
79. A nurse is receiving a client from the PACU who is postoperative following abdominal
surgery. Which of the following should the nurse take to transfer the client from the stretcher to
the bed?
Answer: Lock the wheels on the bed and stretcher
80. A nurse is performing to insert an indwelling catheter for a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse have the client perform just before inserting the catheter?
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Answer: Bear down gently
81. A nurse is collecting data from a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery.
Which of the following findings is the nurse’s priority to report to the surgeon immediately?
Answer: Warm, tender area on the right calf. (Risk for thrombus formation/this is lifethreatening postoperative complication)
82. A nurse is assisting with planning a community presentation for parents. When suggesting a
discussion of controlling impulses and cooperating with others, the nurse should plan to relate it
to Erikson’s developmental task for which of the following age groups?
Answer: Pre-schoolers
83. While drawing blood for a lab test from a client, a nurse observes a blood spill on her gloved
hand. The client has no documented bloodstream infection. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
Answer: Carefully remove the gloves and follow with hand hygiene
84. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about bladder retracing in for a client who has urinary
incontinence. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Answer: Try to block the urge to urinate until the next scheduled time
85. A nurse is collecting data about a clients spiritual wellbeing. Which of the following
questions should the nurse ask?
Answer: “What is your source of strength and hope?”
86. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is postoperative following a knee
arthroplasty about the muscles he will need to strengthen in physical therapy. Which of the
following muscle groups are responsible for movement at the knee joint?
Answer: Antagonistic (responsible for the movement of the knee joint by contracting while other
muscles relax)
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87. A nurse has received a prescription for dextran to administer to a client. The nurse should
recognize that dextran belongs to which of the following functional classifications?
Answer: Plasma volume expanders
88. A nurse is preparing to irrigate a client’s wound. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
Answer: Warm the irrigating solutions to 37C (98.6F)
89. A nurse is caring for a client who has (MRSA) infection. A diet assistant asks the nurse what
precautions are necessary for entering the clients room with the lunch tray. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse give the diet assistant?
Answer: Don gloves when entering the room, and use of hand sanitizer when exiting
90. A nurse is performing a breast examination for a female client. Which of the following
techniques should the nurse use first?
Answer: Inspect both breasts simultaneously
91. A nurse is caring for a client who begins having a tonic-clonic seizure while sitting in a chair
at bedside. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Answer: Lower the client to the floor
92. A nurse is caring for a client who has protein malnutrition. Which of the following foods
should the nurse identify as a source of complete protein?
Answer: EGGS
93. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about nutritious diets to a group of adult women. Which of
the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Answer: Include 2.5 cups of veggies in your daily diet.
94. A nurse is administering an IM injection to a 5-month old infant. Which of the following
injection sites should the nurse use?
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Answer: Vastus Lateralis
95. A nurse is working with the facility’s language interpreter to explain a wound-care procedure
to a client who does not speak the same language as the nurse. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take when explaining the procedure to the client?
Answer: Ensure the interpreter and the client speak the same dialect
96. A nurse is collecting data from a client who requires hygiene care. Which of the following
pieces of information is the nurse’s priority to determine before preparing to bathe the client?
Answer: How much the client can assist with bathing
97. A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having difficulty breathing. The nurse should
assist the client into which of the following positions?
Answer: Fowler’s
98. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a fluid infusion through a peripheral IV
catheter. The nurse notes that the part of the arm immediately surrounding the insertion site is red
and feels warm. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Remove the IV catheter
99. A nurse on a med-surg unit is caring for a client who develops deep, rapid respirations.
Arterial blood gas analysis includes the following values: pH 7.25, PaCO2 40, and HCO3- 18.
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify and report to the
provider?
Answer: Metabolic acidosis
100. A nurse documents clubbing of the fingernails for a client who has emphysema. The nurse
should identify that which of the following is the underlying cause of this finding?
Answer: Chronic hypoxemia
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101. A nurse is measuring a client’s vital signs. The clients resting radial pulse rate is 55/min.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Answer: Measure the client’s apical pulse rate
102. During the insertion of a urinary catheter for a client, the tip of the catheter brushes against
the nurses arm. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Obtain a new catheter and reattempt insertion
103. A nurse is obtaining a capillary blood sample to determine a client’s blood glucose level.
The nurse prepares and punctures the client’s finger for the procedure but does not obtain an
adequate amount of blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Wrap the client’s finger in a warm wash cloth.
104. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a vaginal hysterectomy and
asks for a drink. Her postoperative diet prescription reads “clear liquids; advance diet as
tolerate”. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Answer: “I am going to listen to your abdomen.”
105. A nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency in vitamin D. Which of the following
foods should the nurse recommend the client include in his diet?
Answer: Vitamin D
106. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about lifestyles changes to manage a chronic
illness. Which of the following strategies should the nurse use first to help the client make a
commitment to these lifestyle changes?
Answer: Assist the client to identify ways that these changes will result in positive personal
outcomes
107. A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of dysrhythmias. Upon entering the room,
the nurse discovers the client is unresponsive to verbal or painful stimuli, has no respiration’s,
and is pulse less. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
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Answer: Start chest compressions
108. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has mixed aphasia. Which of the following
strategies should the nurse use to help facilitate with this client?
Answer: Ask simple, short questions
109. A nurse in a provider’s office is caring for a client who has blepharitis. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take first?
Answer: Inspect the eye for drainage or redness
110. A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has retuned for a follow up visit after treatment
of a laceration on her upper arm. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform when
removing the sutures that the client received at her last visit.
Answer: Clip the suture as close to the skin as possible
111. A nurse delegates the collection of a client’s temperature to an AP. The nurse notes that the
AP obtained the client’s auxiliary temperature however, the nurse wanted an oral temperature.
The nurse should identify that which of the following rights of delegation should have prevented
this situation from occurring?
Answer: Right communication
112. A nurse is caring for a client who requires wrist restraints. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
Answer: Remove the restraints at least every 2 hours
113. A nurse on a ped-unit is caring for a child who is 4 years old. To help with communication
and play activities for this client, the nurse should consider which of the following characteristics
of Piaget’s pre-operational period?
Answer: ANIMISM
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114. A nurse is caring for a client who has MRSA. Which of the following precautions should the
nurse implement?
Answer: Apply a gown when in the client’s room
115. A nurse on a med-surg unit is washing her hands prior to assisting with a surgical procedure.
Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates proper surgical hand washing
technique?
Answer: The nurse washes with her hands held higher than her elbows
116. A nurse is collecting data during a neurological examination of a client. When asking the
client to stick out his tongue, which of the following cranial nerves is the nurse testing?
Answer: Cranial nerve XII
117. A nurse is performing an otoscopic exam of a client’s right ear. The light reflex is visible in
the right lower quadrant of the tympanic membrane. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take in response to this finding?
Answer: Document this as an expected finding
118. A nurse is caring for a group of client’s who are receiving oxygen therapy. Which of the
following client’s should the nurse plan to see first?
Answer: A client who has heart failure and is receiving 100% oxygen via a partial rebreather
mask
119. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about crutches for a client who has a fracture of the right
foot. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the client?
Answer: “Keep the rubber crutch tips securely in place.”
120. A nurse is collecting data about a client who is unconscious. Family members are present
and answer the nurse’s questions about the client’s medical history. The nurse should document
this information as which of the following types of data?
Answer: Secondary source data
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121. A nurse is caring for a client who requires a Chest X-ray. Prior to the client being
transported for the procedure, which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Answer: identify the client using 2 identifiers.
122. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about how to obtain a capillary finger stick
blood sample. Which of the following actions by the client requires the nurse to intervene?
Answer: Elevates the finger above heart level
123. A nurse is reviewing lab results of a client and notes a WBC count of 3,600/mm^3. The
nurse should identify this result as an indication of which of the following conditions?
Answer: Leukopenia
124. A nurse on a med-surg unit observes smoke billowing from a client’s room. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take first?
Answer: Evacuate the client from the room
125. A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and is resistant to learning
self-injection insulin methods. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide?
Answer: “Tell me what I can do to help you overcome your fear of giving yourself injections.”
126. A nurse is caring for an adult client who has an NG tube in place and a prescription for
continuous enteral feedings. Which of the following actions should then nurse take to reduce the
clients risk for aspiration (Choking)?
Answer: Elevate the head of the bed by 30-45 degrees.
127. A nurse is collecting data about a client’s incision and observes the drainage to be bloodtinged. Which of the following terms should the nurse use to document this finding?
Answer: Sanguineous
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128. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about nutrition with a middle adult client who has a
sedentary job. Which of the following factors should the nurse consider?
Answer: The basal metabolic rate could decrease
129. A nurse is preparing to measure a client’s blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer and a
stethoscope. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: have the client place both feet flat on the floor
130. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult who has constipation. Which of the
following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Answer: “Sit on the toilet 30 minutes after eating a meal”
131. A nurse in an urgent care center is caring for a 15-year olds client who’s symptoms suggest
an STI. The client’s parents is unavailable but the client’s grandma accompanied the client to the
clinic. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Have the adolescent sign the consent form
132. A nurse is collecting data for the health history of a client who is postoperative and has
paralytic lieu’s. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Answer: Absent bowel sounds with distinction
133. A nurse is preparing to insert an NG tube for a client who has a bowel obstruction. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take first?
Answer: Explain the procedure to the client.
134. A nurse is leading an education session about disposing of bio hazardous materials. Which
of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Answer: Place soiled linen in a single linen bag
135. A nurse is caring for a client in a long term care facility. Which of the following findings
should alert the nurse to the possibility that the client has developed delirium?
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Answer: Reduced level of consciousness
136. A nurse rate’s a client’s biceps reflex at 2+. Which of the following characteristics should
the nurse document about the client’s reflexes?
Answer: Average
137. A nurse is performing a physical examination of a client. The nurse should use percussion to
evaluate which of the following parts of the client’s body?
Answer: LUNGS (Percussion creates a vibration)
138. By asking a client to explain the statement, “A bird in the hand is worth 2 in the bush”, the
nurse is evaluating the client’s ability in which of the following intellectual functions?
Answer: Abstract reasoning
139. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dysphagia following a cerebrovascular
accident. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when assisting the client at meal
time?
Answer: offer the client tart or sour foods first
140. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is confused and requires a
prescription for wrist restraints. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in
the plan of care?
Answer: Renew the prescription for restraints within 24 hours
141. A nurse is preparing to provide tracheostomy care for a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
Answer: Perform hand hygiene
142. A nurse is preparing a client who is scheduled for a hysterectomy for transport to the
operating room. The client states they no longer want to have the surgery. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
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Answer: notify the provider about the client’s decision
143. A nurse is admitting a client who has measles. Which of the following types of transmission
precautions should the nurse initiate?
Answer: AIRBORNE
144. A nurse in a providers office is talking with an older adult client who reports having trouble
sleeping. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as a possible cause of the
client’s sleeping difficulties?
Answer: “I often have a cup of coffee with my desert before going to bed.”
145. A nurse on a med-surg unit is admitting a client. Which of the following pieces of
information should the nurse document in the client’s record first?
Answer: Data collection for the client
146. A nurse is inserting an NG tube into a client who begins to cough and gag. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Pull the NG tube back slightly
147. A nurse in a provider’s office is measuring an adult client and notes a decrease in height
from the previous year. The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the
following musculoskeletal system disorders?
Answer: Osteoporosis (Loss of height)
148. A nurse in a provider’s clinic is taking a client’s age, height, weight, and vital signs, the
nurse should identify this action as part of which of the following complements of the nursing
process?
Answer: Data collection
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149. A nurse is supervising a newly licensed nurse who is suctioning a client’s tracheostomy. The
nurse should identify that which of the following actions by the new nurse indicates an
understanding of the procedure?
Answer: Administering high flow oxygen prior to the procedure
150. A home health nurse is visiting the home of a caregiver who says he is “exhausted” from
working part time in addition to caring for his mother who is an older adult and has severe
dementia. Which of the following options should the nurse suggest to the caregiver?
Answer: RESPITE CARE
151. A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease. The kidneys regulate body
fluids and assist with which of the following functions?
Answer: Regulation of acid-base balance
152. A nurse is planning to administer pain meds to a client who has postoperative pain
following abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Answer: Use the pain scale to determine the client’s pain level
153. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about body mechanics with an AP. Which of the following
should the nurse include?
Answer: “Sit with your back supported”, “Keep your knees at hip level.”, “use an ergonomically
designed computer keyboard.”
154. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for arthroplasty in the next
month and might require a blood transfusion. The client expresses concern about the risk of
acquiring an infection from the blood transfusion. Which of the following suggestions should the
nurse make?
Answer: “donate autologous blood before the surgery”
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155. As part of the neurological exam, a nurse instructs a client to keep his eyes closed, places an
object in his hand and asks him to identify the object. Which of the following abilities is the
nurse evaluating with this technique?
Answer: STEREOGENOSIS
156. During a PE of a client, the nurse suspects strabismus. Which of the following should the
nurse use to collect additional data?
Answer: CORNEAL LIGHT REFLEX
157. A nurse is collecting data from a client who is undergoing a physical examination.
Following inspection, which of the following techniques should the nurse use next when
evaluating the client’s abdominen?
Answer: AUSCULTATION
158. A nurse is collecting data about a client’s abdomen. Which of the following positions should
the nurse tell the client to assume for this examination?
Answer: SUPINE
159. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has fluid volume excess. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
Answer: Crackles in the lung fields.
160. A nurse is caring for a communicates an unmet spiritual need. Which of the following client
statements indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing spiritual distress?
Answer: “God is punishing me for something”
161. A nurse is changing the bed linens for a client who is on bed rest. Which of the following
actions should the nurse plan to take?
Answer: Hold the linens away from the body and clothing
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162. A nurse is cleaning a clients wound by swabbing from the area of least contaminated to an
area of greater contamination. Which of the following rationales should the nurse identify for
using this technique?
Answer: Keeping micro-organisms from entering the wound
163. A nurse is collecting data from a term newborn who is 8 hours old. Which of the following
flexes should the nurse identify as a preliminary indication that during gestation, the newborn
developed the ability to hear?
Answer: MORO
164. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the
following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the
instructions?
Answer: “I will make sure to replace my punch around 4 hours after i eat.”
165. During completion of a health history, a client exports having chest pain intermittently for
the past week. Which of the following questions is the nurse’s priority?
Answer: “Can you tell me what the pain felt like and show me exactly where it was?”
166. A nurse is preparing to administer timolol eye drops for a client who has glaucoma. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer: Apply pressure to the bridge of the nose after instillation of the medication.
167. A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for home oxygen
therapy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Answer: Do not use any materials containing oil or alcohol when using oxygen.
168. A nurse on a med surg unit is caring for a client who has a seizure disorder. Which of the
following items is the nurse’s priority to keep near the client at all times?
Answer: Suction equipment
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169. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about heat therapy with a client who has low back pain.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?
Answer: “i need to place a towel between the heating pad and my skin.”
170. A nurse is witnessing a client signing an informed consent form for surgery. Which of the
following describes what the nurse is affirming by this action?
Answer: The signature on the proper active consent for is the client’s
171. A nurse is reviewing lab data of a client who has a fever and watery diarrhea. Which of the
following results should the nurse report to the provider?
Answer: Sodium 150 mEq/L
172. A nurse is obtaining the BP of a clients lower extremity. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
Answer: Place the bladder of the cuff over the posterior aspect of the thigh
