RN ATI Nutrition complete exam Rated A+ latest Exam
RN ATI Nutrition Exam
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed Captopril. the nurse should recognize that
which of the following foods could cause a potential medication interaction?
A. Cantaloupe
B. ACE Inhibitors retain potassium lead to hyperkalaemia
C. Carrots high as well
Answer: A. Cantaloupe
2. A nurse is planning care for a patient who is receiving radiation to the neck and has developed
stomatitis. which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
A. Relieve mouth pain by consuming frozen foods.
B. Use straw to minimize contact with sores in mouth
C. Consume high calorie and high protein diet to promote healing
D. Frozen food helps alleviate the pain
E. Use soft bristled tooth brush and rinse mouth out by using .9% sodium chloride and water or
baking soda and water
Answer: E. Use soft bristled tooth brush and rinse mouth out by using .9% sodium chloride and
water or baking soda and water
3. A nurse in an antepartum clinic is teaching a patient about nutritional recommendations during
pregnancy. which of the following patient statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. I should take a daily iron supplement during my pregnancy
B. Take 30 mg of iron daily to reduce risk of anaemia
C. Increase protein intake during pregnancy
D. Weight gain at most 40 lb. Weight gain based on BMI
E. Reduce fat intake during pregnancy
Answer: A. I should take a daily iron supplement during my pregnancy
4. A nurse is caring for a patient who has advanced Parkinson's disease and dysphagia. which of
the following actions should the nurse take?
A. offer the patient a high- calorie diet
B. Muscular rigidity increases metabolic rate
C. Eliminate distractions to concentrate on meals
D. Don't offer liquids to clear mouth of food can increase risk of aspiration
E. Parkinson's should be in high fowlers to avoid aspirations
Answer: C. Eliminate distractions to concentrate on meals
5. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a patient who has a pressure injury. which of the
following findings should indicate to the nurse that the patient is at risk for impaired wound
healing.
A. Albumin 3.0 g/dL
B. Hgb 14- 18 Below indicates poor wound healing due to reduced oxygen delivery
C. Albumin- 3.5-5. Decreased albumin malnutrition impaired wound healing
D. Prothrombin 11-12.5 sec.
E. WBC 5,000 to 10,000 Below indicated impaired healing and risk of infection
Answer: A. Albumin 3.0 g/dL
6. A nurse is assessing a patient who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). which of the
following dietary habits increases the patient's risk for dysrhythmias?
A. Eating a diet rich in potassium
B. Impaired kidney function- unable to eliminate potassium. Urine output declines,
C. hyperkalaemia develops causes dysrhythmias
D. Diet high in fat leads to CAD- increased risk of dysrhythmias
E. patient who is ESKD shouldn't consume diet rich in protein to avoid uraemia
Answer: A. Eating a diet rich in potassium
7. A nurse is calculating the daily protein allowance of a patient who weighs 176 lb. the patient's
daily protein allowance is 0.8 g/kg. how many grams of protein should the patient consume per
day?
Answer: 64 g/day
8. A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who is currently experiencing an exacerbation of
crohn's disease. which of the following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of
dietary practices during acute episodes?
A. I will follow a high-protein diet
B. Crohns Disease patient should follow high protein diet to prevent malnutrition and obtain
required calories to promote healing
C. Avoid fiber to minimize bowel stimulation. During periods of remission high fiber
can improve elimination
D. Reduce fat intake because fatty foods increase diarrhoea and steatorrhea (fat in
stool)
E. Consume small frequent meals
Answer: A. I will follow a high-protein diet
9. A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a patient who has dysphagia and is being discharged
home with a prescription for a mechanical soft diet. which of the following foods should the
nurse include in the plan?
A. Mashed potatoes
B. Cooked fruits and vegetables
C. Altered texture
D. Softened with liquids
E. Thickened for consistency
Answer: A. Mashed potatoes
10. A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the guardians of 2 - year - old toddler. which of
the following snack food should the nurse recommend including in the toddler's diet?
A. 1 cup of yogurt
B. Food with no choking hazards
C. Require 13 to 16 g of protein each day
D. HIGH risk of choking until 4
E. Avoid complex sugars
Answer: B. Food with no choking hazards
11. A nurse is providing information regarding breastfeeding to the parents of a newborn. which
of the following statements should the nurse make?
A. breast milk is nutritionally complete for an infant up to 6 months of age
B. Iron-fortified is an acceptable substitute for or supplement to breast feeding
C. Breast milk and formula provide adequate water to calorie ratio
D. Cow’s milk should not be introduced until after 1 year
Answer: A. breast milk is nutritionally complete for an infant up to 6 months of age
12. A nurse is providing information about cardiovascular risk to a patient who has received a
lipid panel report. the nurse should include that which of the following findings is within an
expected reference range?
A. HDL 79 mg/dL
B. Total cholesterol less than 200
C. Greater than 45 males 55 females
D. Triglyceride 35-135 males 40-160 females
E. LDL less than 130
Answer: B. Total cholesterol less than 200
13. A nurse is providing teaching regarding diet modifications to a patient who is at a risk for
cardiovascular disease. the patient is accustomed to traditional Mexican foods and wants to
continue to include them in her diet. which of the following recommendations should the nurse
give the patient?
A. use canola oil instead of lard for frying
B. Use monounsaturated fats like canola rather than saturated like lard
C. Soy milk not part of traditional Mexican diet. Recommend fat free or low fat cow’s milk
D. Increase intake of raw and cooked vegetables
E. Limit intake of lean meat, poultry, and fish to 2.5 to 3 oz per meal
Answer: B. Use monounsaturated fats like canola rather than saturated like lard
14. A nurse is assessing the meal pattern of a patient who has diverticular disease and
prescription for a high-fibre diet. which of the following food choices by the patient contains the
most fibre?
Answer: 1/2 cup of bran cereal
15. A nurse is initiating an enteral feeding for a patient who has chronic bronchitis. which of the
following types of formula should the nurse anticipate administering to the patient?
A. high calorie
B. High protein to prevent malnutrition
C. Low to moderate amounts of carbohydrates
D. High in fats to meet energy needs and caloric needs
Answer: B. High protein to prevent malnutrition
16. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a patient who has COPD. which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. consume foods that are soft in texture and easy to chew
B. Eat 6 small meals
C. High protein high caloric formulas
D. Add gravy and sauces to prevent dry mouth
E. Soft diet and avoiding foods that are difficult to chew will decrease shortness of breath while
eating
Answer: B. Eat 6 small meals
17. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). the current
bag of TPN is empty and a new bag is not available on the unit. which of the following solutions
should the nurse infuse until a new bag of TPN is available?
A. Dextrose 10% in water
B. Prevent hypoglycaemia
Answer: A. Dextrose 10% in water
18. A nurse is providing teaching about cancer prevention to a group of patients. which of the
following patient statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. I will eat five servings of fruits and vegetables each day
B. Eating variety of fruits and vegetables assist in decreasing BP and weight
C. Limit alcohol to 1 to 2 drinks per day causes excessive weight gain
D. Consume whole grain foods over refined foods to prevent GI cancers.
E. Limit consumption of processed meats. Choose lean cut meat without skin
Answer: A. I will eat five servings of fruits and vegetables each day
19. A nurse is preparing to administer an influenza vaccine to an adult patient who reports food
allergies. which of the following food allergies could place the patient at risk for a reaction.
Answer: Eggs
20. A nurse is performing a comprehensive nutritional assessment for a patient. after reviewing
the patient's laboratory results, which of the following findings should the nurse report to the
provider?
A. Prealbumin 8 mg/dL
B. WBC 5,000-10,000
C. Sodium 136-145
D. Prealbumin 15-36
E. Thyroxine(T4) 4-12
Answer: A. Prealbumin 8 mg/dL
21. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a patient who is receiving continuous total
parenteral nutrition. which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Glucose 238 mg/dL
B. Potassium 3.5- 5.0
C. Calcium 9-10.5
D. Sodium 136-145
Answer: A. Glucose 238 mg/dL
22. A nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient who has anorexia nervosa. which of the
following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
A. Assign privileges based on direct weight gain.
B. Weight at same time each day
C. Remain with patient at least 1 hr
D. Nurse schedules meal time
E. Gives patient control in achieving desired privileges
Answer: B. Weight at same time each day
23. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a patient who has celiac disease. Which of the
following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. I can have tapioca pudding for dessert
B. Tapioca pudding does not contain gluten
C. Lifetime diet
D. Avoid processed food
E. Avoid gluten like whole wheat bread
Answer: C. Lifetime diet
24. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). which of the
following laboratory findings indicates that the TPN therapy is effective?
A. Prealbumin 30 mg/dL
B. Calcium 9-10.5 Doesn't indicate TPN effective
C. Haemoglobin- 14-18, 12-16 Doesn't indicate TPN effective
D. Prealbumin 15-36
E. Cholesterol less than 200 indicated malnutrition
Answer: A. Prealbumin 30 mg/dL
25. A nurse is teaching a patient about managing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). which of the
following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Take peppermint oil during exacerbation of manifestations
B. Peppermint relaxes the smooth muscle of the GI tract and can decrease the manifestations of
IBS
C. Fruit high in fructose such as pears can increase IBS
D. Increase foods containing probiotics decrease bacteria and decrease the manifestations of IBS
E. Honey causes manifestations of IBS
Answer: B. Peppermint relaxes the smooth muscle of the GI tract and can decrease the
manifestations of IBS
26. A nurse is teaching a patient who has a prescription for ferrous sulphate about food
interactions. which of the following statements indicates that the patient understands the
teaching?
Answer: I can take this medication with juice
Take between meals with juice. With meals if gastric upset
27. A nurse is caring for a patient who has anaemia and a new prescription for an iron
supplement. The nurse should recommend the patient consume the supplement with which of the
following beverages to increase absorption?
Answer: Tomato juice
Explanation: Calcium impairs iron absorption
Contains vitamin C such as Tomato juice or orange juice. Enhances iron absorption
Caffeine impairs iron absorption
28. A nurse is caring for a patient who has age-relate macular degeneration (AMD) and asks the
nurse if there are any nutritional changes to consider. which of the following responses should
the nurse make?
A. Increase dietary intake of lutein
B. Soy doesn't contain antioxidants, lutein or vitamin E
C. Niacin aids in lowering LDL no effect on AMD
D. Lutein slows progression of AMD. Found un kale, spinach, collards, and mustard greens
E. Foods low in glycaemic index
Answer: D. Lutein slows progression of AMD. Found un kale, spinach, collards, and mustard
greens
29. A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who is lactating about increasing protein intake.
which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as the best source of protein?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Incomplete proteins- Legumes, Peanut Butter, and Whole grain cereal
C. Complete- cottage cheese, meat, poultry, eggs
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
30. A nurse in an emergency department is reviewing the laboratory report for a patient who is
confused and reports nausea and abdominal cramping. The nurse should expect the patient's
should expect the patient's laboratory results to indicate a dietary deficiency of which of the
following minerals?
A. Sodium -Sodium deficit- confusion, headache, nausea, dizziness, and abdominal cramping.
B. Phosphorus- numbness and tingling around the mouth and extremities and tetany
C. Potassium- Heartbeat, muscle weakness, cardiac dysrhythmias
D. Chloride- Emotion, anorexia, and muscle cramps
Answer: A. Sodium -Sodium deficit- confusion, headache, nausea, dizziness, and abdominal
cramping.
31. A nurse is teaching a patient who is preparing for bowel surgery about low residue diet.
which of the following food choices by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. Two poached eggs and a banana
B. Limits amount of stool traveling through intestine
C. Avoid whole grains, fatty meats, and high fibre
Answer: C. Avoid whole grains, fatty meats, and high fibre
32. A nurse is providing dietary teaching about reducing the risk of infection to a patient who has
cancer and as receiving chemotherapy. which of the following patient statements indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
A. I will use leftovers within 24 hours
B. Thaw food in refrigerator to reduce risk of infection from foodborne pathogen
C. Use canned foods within 1 year of canning and cook for 10 minutes
D. Cook food kept at least 140 F
Answer: B. Thaw food in refrigerator to reduce risk of infection from foodborne pathogen
33. A nurse is caring for a patient who develops diarrhoea while receiving a continuous enteral
tube feeding. which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Warm the formula to room temperature
B. Low fat formula if diarrhoea
C. Elevating head prevents aspirations
D. Diarrheal patients should receive continuous internal feeding Diarrheal if served cold
Answer: A. Warm the formula to room temperature
34. A nurse is providing teaching for a patient who has a new prescription for Nifedipine. Which
of the following foods should the nurse instruct the patient to avoid?
Answer: Grapefruit juice
35. A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a patient who reports wanting to lose weight. the
nurse should identify that which of the following patient statements indicates an understanding
of the teaching?
A. I will make a list before I go grocery shopping
B. Don't taste to avoid overeating
C. Control portion size rather than restricting certain foods
D. Eat three to 5 meals a day
Answer: C. Control portion size rather than restricting certain foods
36. A nurse is caring for a patient who has anaemia and a new prescription for an iron
supplement. the nurse should recommend the patient consume the supplement with which of the
following beverages to increase absorption?
Answer: tomato juice
37. A nurse is providing dietary teaching about reducing the risk of infection to a patient who has
cancer and is receiving chemotherapy. which of the following patient statements indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
Answer: I will use leftovers within 24 hours.
38. A nurse is teaching a patient who has BMI of 22 about dietary recommendations during
pregnancy. which of the following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of the
teaching?
A. I should plan to gain a total of 25-35 pounds
B. Well balanced vegetarian diet
C. Increase protein intake
D. BMI of 22 to increase daily intake by 400 calories. 600 would lead to obesity
Answer: A. I should plan to gain a total of 25-35 pounds
39. A nurse is caring for a patient who has cirrhosis and ascites. which of the following dietary
instructions should the nurse provide for this patient?
A. decrease your sodium intake to 1-2 g per day.
B. Decrease fluid retention limit sodium intake to 2,000
C. Limit fluid intake to 1.5 L
D. Vitamin K essential for blood coagulation
Answer: A. decrease your sodium intake to 1-2 g per day.
40. A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a patient who is postoperative following placement
of a colostomy. which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include?
A. increase your intake of foods containing pectin
B. Return to regular diet after 6 weeks
C. Eat low fibre food
D. Drink at least 8-10 cups
E. Consume foods that thicken feces such as foods containing pectin
Answer: E. Consume foods that thicken feces such as foods containing pectin
41. A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who reports nausea during pregnancy. which of the
following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. I will eat dry cereal before I get out of bed
B. Drinking water leads to nausea
C. Carbs reduce nausea
D. High fat foods delay gastric emptying
E. Caffeine heart burn
Answer: A. I will eat dry cereal before I get out of bed
42. A nurse is providing dietary teaching about increased zinc intake for a patient who has
chronic skin ulcers of the lower extremities. which of the following foods should the nurse
recommend as containing the highest amount of zinc?
Answer: 4 oz ground beef patty -Ground beef best choice
43. a nurse is admitting a patient who has diabetic ketoacidosis. which of the following findings
should the nurse expect?
A. increased urination
B. DKA fruity breath, Kuussmaul respirations, excessive thirst and orthostatic hypotension
C. Hypoglycaemia- Palpitations, diaphoresis, tremors, confusion, irritability,
Answer: B. DKA fruity breath, Kuussmaul respirations, excessive thirst and orthostatic
hypotension
44. A nurse is teaching an older adult patient about nutritional recommendations. which oft eh
following statements should the nurse make?
A. you should increase your daily protein intake.
B. Fewer daily calories
C. Increased protein for wound healing
D. Take supplements to maintain healthy bones
E. Take 1,000 to 2,000 a day with sun exposure
Answer: C. Increased protein for wound healing
45. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient who has Parkinson's disease and a
prescription for levodopa-carbidopa. which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the
patient to consume with the medication?
A. one slice of wheat toast
B. Cannot consume with foods high in protein
C. Absorption decreased when taken with protein
Answer: B. Cannot consume with foods high in protein
46. A nurse is assessing a patient who experienced a 5% weight loss in the past 30 days. which of
the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of malnutrition?
A. ankle edema
B. Lower extremity edema manifestation of malnutrition and is indicative of a protein deficiency
in the patient
C. Paraesthesia and weak hands manifestations of malnutrition
D. Dry conductive manifestation of malnutrition
Answer: A. ankle edema
47. A nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for cancer using chemotherapy. which of
the following interventions should the nurse suggest to aid in the management of treatmentrelated changes in taste?
A. use plastic utensils
B. Increase fluid intake
C. Eat food served cold or at room temp to improve taste
D. Try tart foods and seasoning to improve taste
Answer: D. Try tart foods and seasoning to improve taste
48. A nurse is planning dietary interventions for a patient who is prescribed external radiation for
laryngeal cancer. the patient reports manifestations of stomatitis. which of the following
interventions should the nurse include?
A. provide meals at room temperature
B. Room tea food less irritating on mucosa
C. Avoid Citrus and acidic foods irritate mucosa. Citrus for dry mouth
D. Avoid seasoning irritate mucosa
E. High protein supplements encouraged.
F. Tomato juices AVOIDED due to acidic and salt levels
Answer: A. provide meals at room temperature
C. Avoid Citrus and acidic foods irritate mucosa. Citrus for dry mouth
D. Avoid seasoning irritate mucosa
F. Tomato juices AVOIDED due to acidic and salt levels
49. A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory findings of a patient who has type 2 diabetes
mellitus. which of the following findings indicates the patients plan of care is effective?
A. HbA1c 6.5%
B. HbA1c less than 7
C. Serum creatinine .6-1.3 doesn't affect diabetes
D. BUN- 10-20 uninfected in diabetes
E. Pre meal BG- 70-110
Answer: B. HbA1c less than 7
50. A nurse is educating a group of patients about vitamin and mineral intake during pregnancy.
which of the following supplements should the nurse instruct the patients to avoid taking with
iron?
Answer: Calcium
Calcium interferes with iron absorption
51. A nurse is caring for a group of patients. a patient who has which of the following conditions
has an increased protein requirement?
A. pressure injury
B. Additional protein for healing
C. Renal disease decrease protein
Answer: A. pressure injury
52. A nurse is conducting dietary teaching for a group of patients who are trying to become
pregnant. which of the following food items should the nurse include as containing the highest
amount of folate?
A. 3.5 oz of chicken liver
B. Red meat
C. Folate is found mainly in dark green leafy vegetables, beans, peas and nuts
Answer: A. 3.5 oz of chicken liver
53. A nurse is caring for a patient who has diabetes mellitus and reports feeling dizzy, weak, and
shaky. which of the following is the priority action by the nurse?
Answer: Check the patient's blood glucose level -ADPIE
54. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings ever 4 hr via an
ng tube. which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk for aspiration?
A. place the patient in semi-fowler's position
B. Check NG tube prior to feeding to reduce risk of aspirations
C. Semi Fowler to prevent aspirations and for at least 30 post feeding
D. Flush with 40- 50 ML of water
E. Room temp to reduce abdominal cramps
Answer: C. Semi Fowler to prevent aspirations and for at least 30 post feeding
55. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient who has a new ileostomy. which of the
following dietary guidelines should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. prepare meals on a schedule
B. Increase salt
C. Increased amounts of pasta can thicken stool
D. Regular bowel movement patterns when meals are on schedule
E. Vitamin B12 necessary to prevent anaemia related malabsorption
Answer: A. prepare meals on a schedule
56. A patient reports constipation during a routine checkup. the patient was previously
encouraged to increase their intake of mineral supplements. which of the following minerals
should the nurse identify as the possible cause of constipation?
A. Potassium- can cause vomiting
B. Magnesium can cause diarrhoea and cramping
C. Calcium lead to constipation by decreasing peristalsis
Answer: C. Calcium lead to constipation by decreasing peristalsis
57. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving continuous enteral feedings via NG tube. the
nurse notices that the tube feeding has stopped infusing. which of the following actions is the
nurse's priority?
Answer: flush the tube with warm water.
First action is to flush tube with warm water.
58. The nurse is assessing a patient who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize
which of the following as a manifestation of hypoglycaemia?
Answer: Confusion
59. A nurse is a clinic is reviewing the laboratory findings of a patient who recently began a
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. Which of the following laboratory
findings indicates the patient has reached one of the goals of the DASH diet?
Answer: Total cholesterol 190 mg/dL
Range should be less than 200
60. A community health nurse is planning to teach a class about weight management for
cardiovascular health. Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include?
Answer: Plan to lose weight gradually at 1/2 to 1 pound per week
61. A nurse is assessing a patient who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypoglycaemia?
A. Diaphoresis, irritability, and tremors
B. Tachycardia and hunger
Answer: A. Diaphoresis, irritability, and tremors
62. A nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a radical head and neck resection to treat
cancer and is receiving radiation therapy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following
potential adverse effects?
Answer: Changes in the production of saliva
63. A nurse is creating a lane of care for a patient who has mucositis following head and neck
radiation therapy to treat cancer. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in
the plan?
Answer: Increase fluid intake to 2 L per day patient with mucositis should increase fluid intake
to promote hydration and peristalsis
64. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving TPN and is prescribed an oral diet. The
patient asks the nurse why the TPN is being continued since he is now eating. Which of the
following responses should the nurse make?
Answer: Consume at least 60% of diet orally before TPN discontinued.
65. A nurse is caring for a patient who adheres to a kosher diet. Which of the following food
choices would be appropriate for this patient.
A. Vegetable salad with cheese
B. Can't eat dairy and meat together
C. Don’t eat pork
D. No shellfish
Answer: B. Can't eat dairy and meat together
66. A nurse is assessing a patient who has an elevated BP, headache, and is sweating. The patient
recently started taking an MAOI. The nurse should question the patient regarding the
consumption of which of the following foods.
Answer: Chedder Cheese -patients who take MAOI should avoid consumption of most cheese
and other foods high in tyramine. Can lead to hypertensive crisis
67. A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a patient who has dumping syndrome following a
gastrectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the patient's plan
of care?
A. Select grains with less than 2 g fibre per serving. -patients at risk for dumpling syndrome
better tolerate low fiver grains that contain less than 2g fibre per serving to slow gastric emptying
B. Eat small frequent meals
C. Lie down after eating to slow movement
D. Avoid simple sugars and sugar alcohols
Answer: D. Avoid simple sugars and sugar alcohols
68. A nurse is reviewing the introduction of solid foods with the guardian of a 4- month-old
infant. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding of the
teaching?
A. "I will introduce a new solid food every 5 days." - New food items introduced every 4-7 days
to monitor food allergies
B. Fruit juice introduced at 6 months limited to 120 ml and in cup
C. Receive most calories from formula or breast milk
D. 1 to 2 teaspoons of solid food at each feeding
Answer: A. "I will introduce a new solid food every 5 days." - New food items introduced every
4-7 days to monitor food allergies
69. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a patient who is postoperative following a gastric
bypass procedure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Begin each meal with a protein.
B. 60-120 g each day
C. Eat slowly stop once full
D. take fine chew food well and plan 30-60 minutes
E. 3 meals two snacks
Answer: A. Begin each meal with a protein.
70. A nurse is caring for a patient who has acute inflammatory bowel disease. Which of the
following nutritional supplements should the nurse anticipate providing to this patient?
Answer: 1. hydrolysed formula- provides protein and other nutrients in their simplest form
requiring little or no digestion and decreasing stimulation of the bowel facts:
2. Polymeric formula contains complex nutrient molecules and is not indicated for patients who
have impaired digestion
3. Milk based supplement contain lactose and are poorly tolerated by patients who have
inflammatory bowel disease
4. Modular product supplement formula - increase the intake of a specific nutrient without
increasing volume they are not intended for patient who have impaired digestion
71. A nurse is providing teaching about lowering solid fat intake to an adolescent patient who
usually consumes about 2,000 calories per day, Which of following instructions should the nurse
include?
A. At least 90% lean meat
B. Limit meat intake to about 5 oz per day
C. select cheese with no more than 3 g
D. Select margarine that contains no more than 2g
Answer: B. Limit meat intake to about 5 oz per day
72. A nurse is providing dietary instructions for a patient who has a prescription for warfarin.
Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the patient eat in moderation while
taking this medication?
Answer: Leafy green vegetables
73. A nurse is discussing dietary factors to assist in blood pressure management for a patient who
has hypertension. Which of the following patient statements indicates an understanding of the
teaching?
A. "I should choose whole grain pastas when selecting my foods."
B. consume alcohol in moderation
C. whole grain healthy choice of carbohydrates improve BP
D. increased potassium decrease BP
E. Low salt not sodium free have half as much as table salt
Answer: A. "I should choose whole grain pastas when selecting my foods."
74. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a patient who has osteoporosis. The nurse. Should
instruct the patient that which of the following foods has the highest amount of calcium?
Answer: Half a cup roasted almonds
75. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a postpartum patient about breast milk use and
storage. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
A. "You cannot place thawed breast milk back in the freezer."
B. Milk left in bottle from feeding should be discarded
C. Maximum length of breast milk I’m freezer 12 months
D. Place in fridge to slowly thaw. Needed sooner warm running water. Never thaw in microwave
Answer: A. "You cannot place thawed breast milk back in the freezer."
76. A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription of the parenteral nutrition PN
containing a mixture of dextrose, amino acid, and lipids. Prior to the administration of the PN,
the nurse should report which of the following food allergies to the provider?
Answer: Eggs -Lipid Emulsions contain soybean, safflower and egg
77. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a patient who has acute pancreatitis. Which of
the following is an expected finding?
A. Increased glucose due to the decreased undulin production by the pancreas
B. Increase alkaline phosphatase
C. Increased bilirubin
D. Decrease of calcium
Answer: A. Increased glucose due to the decreased undulin production by the pancreas
78. A nurse is teaching a patient who has chronic kidney disease about limiting dietary. Calcium
intake. Which of the following food choices should the the nurse include in the teaching as
having the highest amount of calcium
Answer: 1 cup low-fat yogurt -Yogurt contains milk
79. A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who has dumping syndrome and is experiencing
weight loss. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Consume liquids between meals
B. Complex carbs better tolerated
C. high fats not a cause of dumping
D. High protein not a cause and can improve anaemia
Answer: A. Consume liquids between meals
80. A nurse is preparing a health promotion seminar for a group of patients about cancer
prevention. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. Eat at least 2.5 cups of fruits and vegetables each day.
B. Avoid consuming high calorie foods and beverages to decrease risk for cancer
C. 150 min per week to decrease risk of cancer
D. Limit alcohol to 1 to two drinks
Answer: A. Eat at least 2.5 cups of fruits and vegetables each day.
81. A nurse is assessing a patient for dysphagia following a stroke. The nurse should identify
which of the following findings as a manifestation of dysphagia?
A. The patient's voice changes after eating
B. Hoarseness or change in voice after eating
C. patients with dysphagia can become discouraged while eating and consume less
food
D. Painful swallowing manifestation of dysphagia
Answer: B. Hoarseness or change in voice after eating
82. A patient is experiencing anorexia related to cancer treatment. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse implement to increase the patient's nutritional intake?
A. Add extra calories and protein to every meal.
B. Increased sensitivity to food causes nausea increasing anorexia
C. consume cold food to eliminate aroma
D. Eat small frequent meals every 2 hours
Answer: A. Add extra calories and protein to every meal.
83. A home health nurse is providing dietary teaching to the guardians of a 3-yearold child.
Which of the following statements by the guardians should the nurse identify as understanding of
the teaching?
A. "I will put low-fat milk in her cup for her to drink."
B. Avoid giving celery and peanut butter because of choking
C. Cut items into small pieces to decrease risk of choking
D. Avoid food easy to swallow like popcorn and pretzel until 4
Answer: C. Cut items into small pieces to decrease risk of choking
84. A nurse is teaching an adolescent who has a new diagnosis of celiac disease. Which of the
following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I need to eliminate rye from my diet."
B. Oil content of food need to be decreased
C. Acidic foods do not affect manifestations of celiac disease
Answer: A. "I need to eliminate rye from my diet."
85. A nurse is teaching a patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus how to
count carbohydrates. Which of the following statements made by the patient indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
A. I know the serving size can affect the number of carbohydrates I eat
B. 3 to 5 carb choices or 45 grams allowed per meal
C. Difference in starchy and non-starchy vegetables
Answer: A. I know the serving size can affect the number of carbohydrates I eat
86. A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take to assess for Somogyi phenomenon?
Answer: Monitor blood glucose levels at night
Explanation:
Somogyi phenomenon- fasting hyperglycaemia that occurs in the morning in response to
hypoglycaemia during night time
87. A nurse is evaluating a patient who is receiving a continuous enteral feeding and has
diarrhoea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the patient's diarrhoea?
A. Decrease the rate of the feeding.
B. Prevent diarrhoea decrease rate of feeding
C. check gastric residual to reduce risk for aspiration and monitor absorption of feeding
D. Promethazine treatment of nausea and vomiting
E. Only flush when clogged or before and after giving meds
Answer: A. Decrease the rate of the feeding.
88. A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who is a vegetarian and requires an increase in zinc
intake. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the teaching as best source of
Zinc?
Answer: Pinto Beans
89. A nurse is performing a cultural nursing assessment for a patient whose religious practices
include fasting 1 day each week. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask the
patient? (Select all that apply.)
A. "Are you exempt from fasting during illness?"
B. "Does fasting mean refraining from drinking liquids?"
C. "Does your fasting occur during certain hours of the day?
D. "Does fasting mean eating only a. certain type of food
Answer: A. "Are you exempt from fasting during illness?"
B. "Does fasting mean refraining from drinking liquids?"
C. "Does your fasting occur during certain hours of the day?
D. "Does fasting mean eating only a. certain type of food
90. A nurse is caring for a patient who is dehydrated and is receiving intermittent enteral feeding.
Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Provide the formula as a continuous infusion.
B. Distention and bloating should receive low fat formula
C. chilled formula cause abdominal distention and cramping. Warm to room temp
D. dehydrated patient should receive extra water.
Answer: D. dehydrated patient should receive extra water.
91. A nurse is teaching a patient who has hypertension about decreasing sodium intake. Which of
the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Season foods with herbs and spices.
B. Avoid sodium
C. Processed food high in sodium
D. Avoid processed food
Answer: A. Season foods with herbs and spices.
92. A nurse is teaching a patient about measures to reduce the risk of osteomalacia.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Answer: Consume 20 mcg of vitamin D daily. -Characterized by lack of vitamin D
93. A home health nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who had an open reduction
internal fixation of the tibia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk
factor of impaired wound healing?
A. The patient consumes 1,000 kcal daily.
B. 1500 kcal to meet energy beds to and built protein for tissue healing
C. Haemoglobin exoected go be beterrn 14-18 in men 12-16 in women
Answer: A. The patient consumes 1,000 kcal daily.
94. A nurse is teaching a patient who reports constipation about ways to increase dietary intake
of fibre. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. Leave the skin on while eating fruit
B. Adds fibre
C. Add small amount of bran 3 tablespoons
D. Increase fluid intake and consume 8 glasses of water daily
E. Dried peas or beans adds fibre
Answer: A. Leave the skin on while eating fruit
95. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a patient who has HIV. The nurse should identify
which of the following findings as an indication to increase the patient's nutritional intake?
Answer: Presence of herpes simplex virus infection -Secondary infection triggers inflammatory
responses that increased the patients metabolic rate.
96. A nurse in a long-term care facility is monitoring a patient during mealtime who has
Parkinson's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority?
Answer: The patient drools while eating. -Aspirations of food
97. A nurse is teaching a patient about stress management. Which of the following statements by
the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
Answer: "I will take a long walk every evening."
98. A nurse is preparing to bottle feed an infant who has a cleft lip. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk of aspiration?
A. Squeeze the infant's cheeks together while feeding.
B. Could have trouble sealing. Squeeze to decrease width of cleft
C. Low flow rate- trouble with seal. Decreases suction and increase risk of aspiration
D. Burp 2-3 times during feeding
Answer: A. Squeeze the infant's cheeks together while feeding.
99. A nurse is assessing a patient who is suspected of having lactose intolerance. Which of the
following is an expected finding?
Answer: Flatulence -Flatulence Bloating cramping and diarrhoea expected finding
100. A nurse is providing education to an adolescent about making nutrient-dense food choices.
Which of the following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "Canned pinto beans are a better choice than refried beans."
B. Canned pinto less fat
C. Pasta red sauce better choice
D. Canadian bacon
Answer: A. "Canned pinto beans are a better choice than refried beans."
101. A nurse is teaching a female patient about a healthy diet to control hypertension. Which of
the following patient statements indicates understanding of the teaching?
A. I will eat four servings of unsalted nuts per week."
B. Non-fat or low fat milk to control hypertension
C. Diet rich in potassium to control hypertension
Answer: C. Diet rich in potassium to control hypertension
102. A nurse is developing an educational program about the glycaemic index of foods for
patients who have diabetes mellitus. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as
having the highest glycaemic index?
Answer: Baked potato
103. A nurse is teaching a prenatal education class about breastfeeding. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Plan 5-min feedings on each breast on the first day after birth.
B. breastfeed on demand when newborn shows indication of hunger
C. Avoid offering newborn fluids other than breast milk
Answer: B. breastfeed on demand when newborn shows indication of hunger
104. A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who has diabetes mellitus and an HbA1c of 8.7%.
Which of the following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of this laboratory
value?
Answer: "This shows that I have not been following my diet."
Between 6.5-7
105. A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who has dumping syndrome. Which of the
following information should the nurse include?
A. Apply pectin to foods.
B. Dietary fibre pectin helps delay gastric emptying
C. Avoid drinking water with meals drink 1 hour post meal
D. Lie down and rest for 15 post meal
E. Avoid simple sugars
Answer: C. Avoid drinking water with meals drink 1 hour post meal
E. Avoid simple sugars
106. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a group of patients. Which of the following
patients should the nurse identify as experiencing dehydration?
A. A patient who had a sodium level of 150 mEq/L
B. Expected ranged between 136-145
C. Expected bun between 10-20
D. Expected haematocrit 45-52
E. Expected potassium 3-5.5
Answer: A. A patient who had a sodium level of 150 mEq/L
107. Contraindication of Atorovastin
Answer: Grapefruit Juice
108. A nurse is assessing a patient's risk for pressure injuries using the Braden scale. The patient
eats more than half of most meals but occasionslly refuses a meal. Which of the following
information should the nurse document on the nutrition category of the Braden scale?
A. 3 Adequate
B. Never finishes complete meal
C. Eats about half
D. 4-Eats meals plenty of protein and eats between meals
Answer: A. 3 Adequate
109. A nurse is caring for a patient who expresses a desire to lose weight. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
Answer: Obtain a 24-hr dietary recall.
110. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) through a
peripherally inserted central catheter. The pharmacist informs the nurse that there will be a delay
in delivering the next bag of TPN solution. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Infuse dextrose 10% in water ehen current infusion ends
B. Prevent hypoglycaemia
C. Do not abruptly stop lead to metabolic complications
Answer: A. Infuse dextrose 10% in water ehen current infusion ends
111. A nurse is assessing a patient who has fluid volume excess. Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse expect?
A. Fluid excess can develop crackles, SOB, and dyspnea
B. Fluid excess has bounding pulses
C. Fluid excess has decreased haematocrit
D. fluid excess can experience weight gain
Answer: A. Fluid excess can develop crackles, SOB, and dyspnea
112. A nurse is teaching about nutritional requirements for a patient who is starting a vegetarian
diet. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Include two servings of nurse per day
B. Requires omega 3 fatty acids
C. Increase intake of nutrient dense food
D. Consume low fat cheese as protein substitute
Answer: A. Include two servings of nurse per day
113. A nurse is teaching about increasing dietary intake of micronutrients to a patient who has
difficulty seeing at night. Which of the following micronutrients should the nurse include in the
teaching?
A. Vitamin A
B. Enables eyes to adapt to dim lighting more rapidly at night improves night vision
C. Calcium- facilitates nerve transmission and cell membrane permeability
D. Vitamin B6- formation of haemoglobin
E. Phosphorus- formation of bones and teeth regulation of hormone activity
Answer: A. Vitamin A
114. A nurse in an acute care facility is planning care for a patient who has chosen to follow
Islamic dietary laws during Ramadan. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to
take?
A. Provide a snack for the patient after sunset.
B. Can eat during night time
C. When fasting caffeine prohibited
D. Consume meals before dawn after sunset
Answer: D. Consume meals before dawn after sunset
115. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving continuous enteral tube feedings. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take to prevent aspirations?
A. Monitor gastric residuals every 4 hours
B. Elevate bed between 30 and 45
C. confirming radiograph once before initiating external tube feeding
D. Flushing helps maintain tube patency
Answer: B. Elevate bed between 30 and 45
116. A nurse is caring for a patient who is at 8 weeks of gestation and has a BMI of 34. The
patient asks about weight goals during her pregnancy. The nurse should advise the patient to do
which of the following?
A. Gain about 15 lb
B. based on BMI the solid gain 11 to 20 lb
C. Do not attempt to lose weight while pregnant
D. 28-35 lb too high for BMI of 34
Answer: B. based on BMI the solid gain 11 to 20 lb
117. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving radiation therapy. The patient reports. a
metallic taste in his mouth while eating. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Offer citrus fruits.- stimulate production of saliva
B. Suggest pickles as snack- stimulate production of saliva
C. Gargle with mouthwash- Stimulate production of saliva
D. Use plastic wear
E. Provide small frequent meals
Answer: A. Offer citrus fruits.- stimulate production of saliva
B. Suggest pickles as snack- stimulate production of saliva
E. Provide small frequent meals
118. A nurse is admitting a patient who has had a fever and diarrhoea for the past 3 days. Which
of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the patient is dehydrated?
A. Orthostatic hypotension
B. Experience hypotension due to flued loss. Causes low blood volume, resulting in low blood
pressure
C. weight loss- dehydrated
D. dry skin poor turgot - dehydrated
E. Flattened neck- dehydration
Answer: A. Orthostatic hypotension
C. weight loss- dehydrated
D. dry skin poor turgot - dehydrated
119. A nurse is updating a plan of care for a patient who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings
and is experiencing diarrhoea. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in
the plan?
A. Discard open cans within 48 hours
B. warm up formula to room temp. Cold can stimulate diarrhoea
C. Large and rapid feeding cause diarrhoea
D. High calorie formula to treat diarrhoea
E. Low calorie formula cause diarrhoea
Answer: A. Discard open cans within 48 hours
B. warm up formula to room temp. Cold can stimulate diarrhoea
C. Large and rapid feeding cause diarrhoea
120. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving continuous tube feedings via a gastrostomy
tube. The patient has had three loose stools in the last 4 hr. Which of the following prescriptions
should the nurse anticipate?
A. Decrease the rate of the feeding
B. Giving too much too quickly leads to inability to digest
C. Prokinetic medications- manage delayed gastric emptying. Increase frequency of stool
movement
D. wash tubing every 4 hours to prevent tubing from becoming clogged
Answer: A. Decrease the rate of the feeding
121. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of four patients. The nurse should identify. that
which of the following patients is experiencing fluid overload?
A. Sodium level of 130
B. Should be between 136-145.
C. HCT- 37-47 men 42-52 women
D. Urine gravity 1.005 to 1.030
E. Albumin 3.5-5
Answer: A. Sodium level of 130
