MEDICATION AIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
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absorption
Answer: the process by which a drug is transferred from its site of body entry to circulating
fluids for distribution
adrenergic blocking agent
Answer: a drug that inhibits adrenergic effects
anti-dysrhythmic agents
Answer: drugs used to prevent or correct abnormal heart rhythms
battery
Answer: touching a person's body without their consent
angiotensin
Answer: a substance that causes vaso-constriction, increased blood pressure, and the release of
aldosterone
alopecia
Answer: hair loss
IM
Answer: intramuscular
IV
Answer: intravanous
mg
Answer: milligram
defamation
Answer: injuring a person's name and reputation by making false statements to a third person
false imprisonment
Answer: unlawful restraint or restriction of a person's freedom of movement
tort
Answer: a wrong committed against a person or the person's property
HIPAA
Answer: health insurance protability and accountability act
DNR
Answer: do not resuscitate
OBRA
Answer: omnibus budget reconciliation act
boundary crossing
Answer: a brief act or behavior outside of the helpful zone
boundary signs
Answer: acts, behaviors, or thoughts that warn of boundary crossing or violation
boundary violation
Answer: an act of behavior that meets your needs, not the person's
nurse practice act
Answer: the law that regulates nursing practice in a state
hemoglobin
Answer: substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen and gives it color
barbiturates
Answer: butabarbital (Butisol), mephobarbital (Mebaral), pentobarbital (Nembutal),
phenobarbital (Luminal, Solfoton), secobarbital (Seconal) SE: hangover, sedation, excitement,
restlessness, confusion, allergic reactions
benzodiazepines (sedation/hypnosis)
Answer: estazolam (ProSom), flurazpam (Dalmane), lorazepam (Ativan), quazepam (Doral),
temazepam (Restoril), triazolam (Halcion) SE: confusion, agitation, hallucinations, amnesia,
liver toxicity
analgesic
Answer: a drug that relieves pain
euphoria
Answer: an exaggerated feeling or state of physical or mental well-being
fatty oxidase enzyme inhibitor
Answer: a drug that reduces the oxygen needed by myocardial cells to cause muscle
contractions
MI
Answer: myocardial infarction
mm Hg
Answer: millimeters of mercury
vulnerable adult
Answer: a person 18 or older who has a disability or condition that makes them at risk to be
wounded, attacked, or damaged
ulcer
Answer: a shallow or deep crater-like sore of a mucous membrane
tablet
Answer: a dried, powdered drug compressed into a small disk
capsule
Answer: gelatin container that holds a drug in a dried, powdered or liquid form
diabetes
Answer: a disorder in which the body cannot produce or use insulin properly
coating agents
Answer: drugs that form a substance that adheres to the crater of an ulcer
aldosterone
Answer: a substance that causes the kidneys to retain sodium
six rights
Answer: right person, right drug, right time, right route, right dose, right documentation
right person
Answer: 1 of 6
right drug
Answer: 2 of 6
right time
Answer: 3 of 6
right route
Answer: 4 of 6
right dose
Answer: 5 of 6
right documentation
Answer: 6 of 6
person who gives the first dose of a newly ordered drug
Answer: RN, LPN, or charge nurse
CMA cannot
Answer: accept verbal or telephone orders
CMA
Answer: is under the supervision of a RN, LPN, or charge nurse
NCSBN
Answer: national council of state boards of nursing
5 rights of delegation
Answer: right task, right circumstances, right person, right supervision, right directions and
communication
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Answer: determines the safety and effectiveness of drugs before marketing; ensure that
manufacturers meet labeling requirements; ensure advertising standards are met when
manufacturers market drugs
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
Answer: serves to control the manufacturing, distributing, and dispensing of certain drugs
OSHA
Answer: occupational safety and health administration
MDS
Answer: minimum data sheet
NANDA-I
Answer: north american nursing diagnosis association international
nursing process
Answer: evaluation, assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation
subjective data
Answer: things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses; symptoms
objective data
Answer: information that is seen, heard, felt, or smelled by an observer; signs
best site for measuring blood glucose
Answer: ring finger
peristalsis
Answer: involuntary muscle contractions in the digestive system that move food down the
esophagus through the alimentary canal
organ
Answer: groups of tissues with the same function
artery
Answer: a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
capillary
Answer: a tiny blood vessel
vein
Answer: a blood vessel that returns blood back to the heart
tissue
Answer: a group of cells with similar functions
system
Answer: organs that work together to perform special functions
CNS
Answer: central nervous system
epidermis
Answer: outer layer of skin
immune system
Answer: protects body from disease and infection
anaphylaxis
Answer: a severe, life-threatening sensitivity to an antigen
dilute
Answer: add the correct amount of water or other liquid
drug blood level
Answer: amount of a drug present in the blood
drug interaction
Answer: the action of one drug is altered by the action of another drug
generic name
Answer: a drug's common name
idiosyncratic reaction
Answer: something unusual or abnormal that happens when a drug is first given
parenteral route
Answer: drugs bypass the GI tract
percutaneous route
Answer: drugs given through the skin or mucous membrane
placebo
Answer: a drug dosage form that had no active ingredients
reconstitute
Answer: to add water or other liquid to a powder or solid form of a drug
side effect
Answer: and unintended reaction to a drug given in a normal dosage
subcutaneous
Answer: beneath the skin
toxicity
Answer: exposure to large amounts of a substance that should not cause problems in smaller
amounts; the reaction when side effects are severe
trademark
Answer: the brand name or trade name of the drug
urticaria
Answer: hives; raised, irregularly shaped patches on the skin and severe itching
distribution
Answer: the way drugs are transported by circulating body fluids to the sites of action and to the
sites of metabolism and excretion
metabolism
Answer: process by which the body in-activates drugs
excretion
Answer: the elimination of a drug from the body
OD
Answer: right eye
OS
Answer: left eye
OU
Answer: both eyes
AU
Answer: both ears
AS
Answer: left ear
AD
Answer: right ear
ac
Answer: before meals
gtt
Answer: drop
pc
Answer: after meals
STAT
Answer: immediately
tid
Answer: three times a day
1 cup
Answer: 8oz; 240cc
1 teaspoon
Answer: 5ml
1 oz
Answer: 30cc
drug diversion
Answer: taking a person's drugs for your own use
NDC
Answer: national drug code
ISMP
Answer: institute for safe medication practices
wash your hands
Answer: easiest most important way to prevent spread of infection
buccal
Answer: inside the cheek
elixir
Answer: a clear liquid made up of a drug dissolved in alcohol and water
emulsion
Answer: an oral dose form containing small droplets of water-in-oil or oil-in-water
lavage
Answer: washing out the stomach
lozenge
Answer: a flat disk containing a medicinal agent with a flavored base
sublingual
Answer: under the tongue
suspension
Answer: a liquid containing solid drug particles
syrup
Answer: an oral dose form containing a drug dissolved in sugar
cream
Answer: a semi-solid emulsion containing a drug
lotion
Answer: a watery preparation containing suspended particles
ointment
Answer: a semi-solid containing a drug in an oily base
powder
Answer: a finely ground drug in a talc base
transdermal
Answer: through the skin
topical
Answer: applied to the skin
cerumen
Answer: ear wax
otic
Answer: pertains to the ear
ophthalmic
Answer: pertains to the eye
suppository
Answer: a cone-shaped, solid drug that is inserted into a body opening; melts at body
temperature
adrenergic fibers
Answer: nerve endings that release norepinephrine
agonist
Answer: a drug that acts on a certain type of cell to produce a predictable response
anti-cholinergic agent
Answer: a drug that blocks or inhibits cholinergic activity
barbiturate
Answer: a drug that depresses the CNS, respirations, blood pressure, and temp
cholinergic fibers
Answer: nerve endings that release acetylcholine
homeostasis
Answer: a constant internal environment
hypnotic
Answer: a drug that produces sleep
inhibitor
Answer: a drug that prevents or restricts a certain action
neurotransmitter
Answer: a chemical substance that transmits nerve impulses
sedative
Answer: a drug that quiets the person; gives a feeling of relaxation and rest
synapse
Answer: the junction between one neuron and the next
adrenergic agents
Answer: albuteral (Proventil, Ventolin), ephedrine, metaproternenol (Alupent), phenylephrine
(Neo-Synephrine), terbutaline (Brethine, Bricanyl) side effects:tachycardia, skin flushing,
dizziness, tremors, ortho hypotension, angina, nausea/vomiting
beta-adrenergic blocking agents
Answer: acebutolol (Sectral), atenolol (Tenormin), betaxolol (Kerlone), bisoprolol (Zebeta),
carteolol (Cartrol), carvedilol (Coreg), labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor,
Toprol XL), nadolo (Corgard), penbutolo (Levatol), pindolo (Visken), propranolo (Inderal),
sotalol (Betapace), timolol (Blocadren) SE: bradycardia, peripheral vaso-constriction, bronchspasm, hypoglycemia, edema
cholinergic agents
Answer: ambenonium (Mytelase), Bethanechol (Urecholine), guanidine (Guanidine),
neostigmine (Prodtigmin), pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine, Pilocar, Adsorbocarpine), pyridostigmine
(Mestinon) SE: n/v/d, hypotension, broncho-spasm, bradycardia
anti-cholinergic agents
Answer: atropine (Atropine Sulfate), belladonna (Belladonna tincture), dicyclomine (Bentyl,
Antispas, Dibent), glycopyrrolate (Robinul), mepenzolate (Cantil), propantheline (Pro-Banthine)
SE:blurred vision, constipation, urine retention, dryness of mouth, confusion, depression,
nightmares, hallucinations, ortho hypotension, dysrythmias
drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system
Answer: adrenergic agents, alph-and beta-adrenergic blocking agents, cholinergic agents, anticholinergic agents
sedative-hypnotic drugs
Answer: barbiturates, benzodiazepines, non-barbiturate, non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic
agents
non-barbiturate, non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic agents
Answer: chloral hydrate (Aquachloral), diphenhydramine (Benadryl), doxylamin (Unisom),
eszopiclone (Lunesta), paraldehyde (Paral), ramelteon (Rozerem), zaleplon (Sonata), zolpidem
(Ambien, Ambien CR) SE: hangover, sedation, restlessness, anxiety, excitement, confusion
drugs used for Parkinson's disease
Answer: amantadine hydrochloride (Symmetrel), bromocriptine mesylate (Parlodel), carbidopa
(Sinemet), levodopa (Parcopa), pramipexole (Mirapex), ropinirole (Requip), entacapone
(Comtan, Stalevo), benztropine mesylate (Cogentin), orphenadrine citrate (Banflex, Norflex)
drugs used to treat alzheimer's disease
Answer: donepezil (Aricept), memantine (Namenda), galantamine (Razadyne), rivastigmine
(Exelon)
MOAI
Answer: monoamine oxidase inhibitor SE: ortho hypotension, drowsiness, restlessness,
agitation, insomnia, blurred vision, constipation, hypertension LAST DOSE @ 1800
SSRI
Answer: selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor SE: restlessness, agitation, anxiety, insomnia,
sedative effects, GI effects, suicidal actions LAST DOSE @ 1800
TCA
Answer: tri-cyclic anti-depressant SE:blurred vision, constipation, urine retention, ortho
hypotension, tremors, numbness, tingling, Parkinson-like , tachycardia, seizures, suicidal
benzodiazepines for anxiety
Answer: alprazolam (Xanax, Niravam), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), clorazepate (Tranxene),
diazepam (Valium), lorazepam (Ativan), oxazepam (Serax) SE:drowsiness, hangover, sedation,
ortho hypotension, excessive use/abuse, n/v, jaundice
other anti-anxiety agents
Answer: buspirone (BuSpar) insomnia, nervousness, light
headedness, slurred speech (Luvox) fluvoxamine, hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax) blurred vision,
constipation, dryness of mouth, sedation, dizziness, slurred speech
MAOIs for anti-depressants
Answer: phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcpromine (Parnate), isocarboxazid (Marplan), selegiline
(Emsam)
tri-cyclic anti-depressant
Answer: amitriptyline (Elavil), amoxapine, clomipramine,
(Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), imipramine (Tofranil), nortripyline
(Aventyl, Pamelor), protriptyline (Vivacil), trimipramine (Surmontil)
SSRIs for anti-depressants
Answer: citlalopram (Celexa), duloxetine (Cymbalta), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine
(Prozac), fluvoxamine (Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft)
other anti-depressants
Answer: bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) gi upsets, restlessness/ agitation/ anxiety/
insomnia, seizures, suicidal. maprotiline. mirtazapine (Remeron). nefazodone. trazodone
hydrochloride (Desyrel) venlafaxine (Effexor)
anti-manic agents
Answer: lithium carbonate (Eskalith, Lithane) SE: n/v/abdominal cramps, excess
thirst/urination, progressive fatigue, wight gain give with food/milk
anti-psychotic agents
Answer: block dopamine in the brain SE: fatigue, drowsiness, ortho hypotension, blurred vision,
constipation, dry mouth, seizures,
drugs used for psychoses
Answer: chlorpromazine (Thorazine), fluphenazine (Prolixin), perphenazine, prochorperazine
(Compazine), thioridazine, trifluoperazine, thiothixene (Navane), haloperidol (Haldol), loxapine
(Loxitane), molindone (Moban), aripiprazole (Abilify), clozapine (Clozaril), olanzapine
(Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), risperidone (Risperdal), ziprasidone (Geodon)
drugs for alcohol rehab
Answer: acamprosate (Campral) diarrhea, suicidal] disulfiram (Antabuse) drowsiness, fatigue,
headache, impotence, metallic taste, n/v/jaundice, hives/itching
anti-convulsants
Answer: drugs used to prevent or reduce seizures
epilepsy
Answer: a brain disorder in which clusters of nerve cells sometimes signal abnormally
seizure
Answer: violent and sudden sontractions or tremors of muscle groups; convulsion
benzodiazepines used for anti-convulsants
Answer: clonazepam (Klonopin), clorazepate (Tranxene), diazepam (Valium)
hydantoins used for anti-convulsants
Answer: ethotoin (Peganone), phenytoin (Dilantin) SE: n/v/indigestion, confusion, gum overgrowth, hyperglycemia give with food/milk
succinimides used for anti-convulsants
Answer: ethosuximide (Zarontin), methsuximide (Celontin) SE: n/v/indigestion give with
food/milk
other anti-convulsants
Answer: carbamazepine (Tegretol), gabapentin (Neurontin), lamotrigine (Lamictal),
levetiracetam (Keppra), oxcarbazepine (Trileptal), phenobarbital (Luminal), primidone
(Mysoline), tiagabine (Gabitril), topiramate (Topamax), valproic acid (Depakene), zonisaminde
(Zonegran)
MAR
Answer: medication administration record
NSAID
Answer: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
opiate agonists used for pain
Answer: codeine (Codeine Sulfate, Phosphate), hydromorphone (Dilaudid), levorphanol (LevoDromoran), morphine (Roxanol, Morphine Sulfate, MS Contin), oxycodone (Roxicodone,
Oxycontin, Percodan), oxymorphone (Numorphan), fentanyl (Actiq, Duragesic), meperidine
(Demerol), methadone (Methadone, Dolophine), tramadol (Ultram)
salicylates used for pain
Answer: aspirin (Zorprin, ASA, Empirin), choline salicylate (Arthropan), diflunisal (Dolobid),
magnesium salicylate (Magan, Mobidin), salsalate (Salsitab Artha-G), sodium salicylate (Sodium
Salicylate)
NSAIDs used to reduce pain, inflammation, & fever
Answer: celecoxib (Celebrex), diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren), etodolac (Lodine), fenoprofen
(Nalfon), flurbiprofen (Ansaid), ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), indomethacin (Indocin), naproxen
(Naprosyn), naproxen sodium (Anaprox)
selected analgesic combo products used for pain
Answer: Anacin Tablets, Anacin
Max Strength, BC Powder, Darvocet-N 50/100, Darvon Compound-65, Empirin Codeine,
Excedrin Extra-Strength, Fioricet, Fiorinal w/ codiene, Lortab, Percocet, Percodan, Percogesic,
Talwin Compound, Tylenol w/ codeine, Vicodin
cholesterol
Answer: a waxy, fat-like substance found in all body cells
dyslipidemia
Answer: an abnormality of one or more otht he blood fats
hyperlipidemia
Answer: excess lipids in the blood
lipids
Answer: fats
triglycerides
Answer: fatty compounds that come from animal and vegetable fats
CAD
Answer: coronary artery disease
HDL
Answer: high-density lipo-protein
LDL
Answer: low-density lipo-protein
bile acid-binding resins
Answer: interrupt the normal circulation of bile acids b/t liver
& intestines cholestyramine (Questran), colestipol (Colestid), colesevelam (Welchol) give with
food other drugs are given 1hr before or 4 hrs after
Niacin
Answer: is B3 -limits the liver's ability to produce LDL
Statins
Answer: strongest anti-lipemic block enzyme in the liver that produce cholesterol atorvastatin
(Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol), lovastatin (Mevacor, Altoprev), pravastatin (Pravachol),
rosuvastatin (Crestor), simvastatin (Zocor),pravastatin-aspirin (Pravigard PAC)
Fibric acids
Answer: lower triglyceride & LDL levels, used for people who have not responded to weight
loss, diet therapy or other anti-lipemic drugs; gemfibrozil (Lopid), fenofibrate (Tricor)
other anti-lipemic drugs
Answer: ezetimibe (Zetia), Omacor (fish oils)
renin
Answer: an enzyme that effects blood pressure; vaso-constriction, sodium retention
diuretic
Answer: a drug that promotes the formation and excretion of urine -reduce amount of extracellular fluid, promote sodium excretion, cause vaso-dilation of peripheral arterioles
cardiac output
Answer: the amount of blood pumped with each heartbeat
blood pressure
Answer: the amount of force exerted against the walls of an artery by the blood
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for hypertension
Answer: benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril),
lisinopril (Prinivil, Zesteril), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril),
ramipril (Altace), trandolapril (Mavik) SE: swelling of the face, eyes, lips, tounge, chronic dry
nonproductive, persistent cough
angiotensin II receptor blockers used for hypertension
Answer: candesartan (Atacand), eprosartan (Teveten), irbesartan (Avapro), losartan (Cozaar),
olmesartan (Benicar), telmisartan (Micardis), valsartan (Diovan)
calcium ion antagonists used for hypertension
Answer: amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem), felodipine (Plendil), isradipine
(DynaCirc), nicardipine (Cardene), nifedipine (Procardia), nisoldipine (Sular), verapamil (Calan,
Isoptin)
Alpha-1 Adrenergic blocking agents used for hypertension
Answer: doxazosin (Cardura), prazosin (Minipress), terazosin (Hytrin)
arrhythmia
Answer: without a rthythm
hemorrheologic agent
Answer: a drug that prevents the clumping of red blood cells and platelets
inotropic agents
Answer: drugs that stimulate the heart to increase the force of contractions
intermittent claudication
Answer: a pain pattern usually described as aching, cramping, tightness, or weakness in the
calves usually during walking
platelet aggregation inhibitor
Answer: a drug that prevents platelets from clumping together and causes vaso-dilation
PVD
Answer: peripheral vascular disease
CHF
Answer: congestive heart failure
nitrates used to treat angina
Answer: amyl nitrite, isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil), isosorbide mononitrate (Monoket, ISMO
Imdur), nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitrong, Nitro-Bid, Nitrogard, Nitro-Dur, Nitrolingual)
