CH-1-2 Introduction to Computer Hardware – Technology Now: Your Companion to SAM Computer Concepts : Book Guide

This Document Contains Chapters 1 to 2 Technology Now Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Hardware Chapter Review COMPUTERS IN HISTORY 1. Describe the general trend in computer hardware innovation. Answer: The trend in computer hardware innovation is to make each new generation of computers more powerful, smaller, and faster than the last. 2. How does a microprocessor compare to an integrated circuit? Answer: Third-generation computers were made possible in the 1960s with the development of integrated circuits, which packed the equivalent of thousands of vacuum tubes or transistors into a miniature silicon chip. In 1971, Ted Hoff moved computer technology to the fourth generation by developing the microprocessor, which was even faster, smaller, and less expensive than earlier integrated circuits. TYPES OF COMPUTERS 3. What are the five general categories of personal computers? Answer: Desktop, All-in-one, Laptops and notebooks, Tablets, and Mobile devices 4. Describe the two types of tablet displays. Answer: A slate has a display built into the top of the tablet case. A convertible tablet display is attached by a hinge and can be opened like a laptop or used flat like a slate. INPUT DEVICES 5. Name four types of pointing devices. Answer: Mouse, trackball, touchpad, pointing stick 6. What is a biometric input device? Answer: A biometric input device is a data-collection machine that creates a digital imprint of a physical characteristic, and then transfers that information to a host system for review. USING THE KEYBOARD 7. What can you do if your computer does not have a built-in numeric keypad? Answer: If a computer does not have a built-in numeric keypad, you can use an external keypad that plugs into a USB port. 8. Describe how onscreen keyboards can provide a full range of characters used in computer input. Answer: Many of the keys have more than one purpose, providing similar functionality to standard keyboards. Some mobile devices show letters on the first keyboard screen and then, after you click a button, numbers and symbols on another screen. In this way, onscreen keyboards can provide a full range of characters used in computer input. USING POINTING DEVICES 9. What is the difference between an optical mouse and a laser mouse? Answer: An optical mouse uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to detect movement. An LED is a light source that emits infrared or visible light when charged with an electric current. A laser mouse is an optical mouse that uses laser light. 10. Describe four touch input gestures and what each does. Answer: Tap is used to select an object or press a button. Double-tap is used to start an application. Press and hold is used to display a shortcut menu. Drag is used to move an object. Swipe is used to scroll, display the Charms bar, and close an application. Pinch is used to zoom out. Stretch is used to zoom in. OUTPUT DEVICES 11. Name four types of output devices. Answer: Display device, printer, speaker, projector 12. What is a voice synthesizer? Answer: A voice synthesizer is an audio output device that converts text to speech. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT 13. What role does the CPU play in a computer? Answer: The central processing unit (CPU) is the brain of a computer. 14. Name two factors to use when comparing CPUs. Answer: Clock speed, Bus speed and width, Cache DIGITAL DATA REPRESENTATION 15. Why are computers considered binary machines? Answer: Computers are binary machines because they are electronic devices, and electricity has two states: on and off. 16. Name five units for measuring computer data and explain what each means. Answer: A byte is approximately 1 byte. A kilobyte is approximately 1 thousand bytes. A megabyte is approximately 1 million bytes. A gigabyte is approximately 1 billion bytes. A terabyte is approximately 1 trillion bytes. MEMORY 17. Describe the difference between volatile and nonvolatile memory. Answer: Most RAM is volatile. That is, if your computer loses power, any data stored in RAM is lost. Nonvolatile memory continues to store its data when your computer is turned off. 18. How does a computer use virtual memory? Answer: When an operating system uses virtual memory, it swaps files between RAM and the hard disk to avoid running out of RAM. The part of the hard disk used by virtual memory is called a swap file. The amount of data and instructions that can be swapped at any given time is called a page. STORAGE 19. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a magnetic hard drive to store data? Answer: Hard drives offer fast access to your data and large storage capacity, making them a good option as the main storage device for a PC. Hard drive capacities today range from 160 GB to 2 TB or more. On the downside, magnetic hard drives are easily damaged by impact and foreign particles. You need to protect your hard drive from excessive movement and contaminants such as dust. 20. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using cloud storage? Answer: Cloud storage lets you store your data remotely over the Internet. Cloud storage providers save clients’ information and programs on servers. You might use cloud storage to add storage capacity to your system or to back up data, so that even if your system is damaged, your files will remain intact. People use cloud storage to access their data from Internet-connected devices wherever they are. Cloud storage has some disadvantages. If you lose power or your Internet connection, you cannot access your data. If your cloud provider goes out of business, you might lose your data. In addition, whenever your data is transferred to a third party, you need to consider privacy issues. Test Your Knowledge Now 1. Third-generation computers introduced ___________, which packed the equivalent of thousands of vacuum tubes or transistors into a miniature silicon chip. a. slide rules b. the ENIAC c. integrated circuits d. solid-state technology 2. When IBM introduced computers for personal use, it called them ___________. a. personal computers (PCs) b. Apple computers (ACs) c. clones d. VisiCalcs 3. Some desktop computers combine the system unit with the monitor to create a(n) ________. a. system desktop b. ultra-desktop c. tower d. all-in-one desktop 4. A(n) _________ is a laptop computer that weighs less than 4 pounds and is manufactured by Intel. a. ultratop b. Ultrabook c. lightbook d. ultra laptop 5. You interact with a touch screen by making a motion, called a _______, to issue a command. a. click b. gesture c. flip d. signal 6. A fingerprint reader is an example of a_____________ device. a. biometric b. touch-sensitive c. motion-detecting d. biological 7. A(n) ___________ is an input device for touch screens that is more powerful than a stylus because it can include an electronic eraser or programmable buttons. a. electronic stylus b. fingertip c. digital pen d. biometric scanner 8. Keyboards with ___________ keys let you play, pause, fast-forward, and rewind music and videos. a. Web b. navigation c. numeric d. media control 9. A(n) ________ mouse uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to detect movement. a. mechanical b. optical c. gyroscopic d. magnetic 10. A(n) ___________ printer prints by spraying small dots of colored ink onto paper. a. ink-jet b. optical c. laser d. dot matrix 11. To have a video chat, you can use a(n) _____, which includes one or more headphones and a microphone. a. earbud b. micro headphones c. voice synthesizer d. headset 12. The _________________ is an integrated circuit, or chip, and is often called the brain of the computer. a. RAM module b. central processing unit (CPU) c. BIOS d. ROM chip 13. The CPU is built into ___________, which is the main circuit board that houses much of a computer’s electronics. a. the data bus b. volatile memory c. nonvolatile memory d. the motherboard 14. The number of __________ in a CPU determines the CPU’s processing power. a. ALUs b. control units c. caches d. cores 15. A(n) ________ is the smallest unit of information handled by a computer and can have the value of 0 or 1. a. byte b. bit c. megabyte d. kilobyte 16. _______ is a 16-bit coding scheme, an extension of ASCII that can be used to create over 65,000 symbols and characters in many languages. a. ASCII plus b. Extended code c. Unicode d. ASCII 16 17. Most RAM is ________ because if your computer loses power, any data stored in RAM is lost. a. inaccessible b. nonvolatile c. volatile d. unnecessary 18. The ____ chip is attached to the motherboard and contains the BIOS, which includes the instructions for starting up your computer. a. RAM b. ROM c. BIOS d. POST 19. A magnetic hard drive is made up of one or more disks called ____________ that spin on a spindle, and read/write heads that move over the surface of the disks to save and retrieve data. a. platters b. plotters c. magnetos d. spinners 20. ________ storage uses nonmagnetic technology, and can be contained in a device or can be removed, such as flash drives and memory cards. a. Magnetic b. Optical c. Cloud d. Solid state 21. In the space next to each term below, write the letter of the phrase that defines it: a. Provides a way to add storage capacity to your computer or to back up data b. Nonvolatile memory c. One billion bytes of data d. The four-step process that every instruction to the computer goes through e. Small flat computer with a touch-sensitive screen that accepts input from your fingertips Try This Now 1: Tablet or Laptop – The Business Decision You serve on the technology committee at the local office of your company. You are a sales person who travels in the local region and occasionally takes longer trips by train or plane. The sales team uses various applications such as Outlook for email, Access to store product information in a database, and Excel for order forms. Your company has made the decision to purchase tablets or laptops for everyone on the sales team. a. Research popular laptops and tablets at CNET.com (an unbiased technology site). Create two tables with the specifications of the laptop and tablet that you would recommend. Answer: Answers will vary based on available products at the time of completion, but a sample solution follows: Recommended Laptop: Dell XPS 13 • Display: 13.4" FHD+ • Processor: Intel Core Ultra 7 • RAM: Up to 64GB • Storage: Up to 2TB • Weight: 2.6 lbs • Battery: 18 hours • Price: ~$1,249 Recommended Tablet: Apple iPad Pro (12.9-inch) • Display: 12.9" Liquid Retina XDR • Processor: M2 Chip • RAM: Up to 16GB • Storage: Up to 2TB • Weight: 1.5 lbs • Battery: 10 hours • Price: ~$1,099 b. Research and document at least five advantages a tablet offers the sales team. Answer: Answers may vary, but sample advantages include portability, simplicity of interface, can be drawn on directly, may cost less than a laptop, and lightweight. Advantages of Tablets for the Sales Team: 1. Portability: Tablets are lightweight and easy to carry, ideal for travel. 2. Longer Battery Life: Often last longer than laptops, ideal for long trips. 3. Touchscreen Functionality: Makes presentations and demonstrations more interactive. 4. App Integration: Seamless access to cloud-based apps and sales tools. 5. Instant On: Quick boot times, allowing immediate access to applications, useful for quick customer interactions. c. Research and document at least five advantages a laptop offers the sales team. Answer: Answers may vary, but sample advantages include built-in full keyboard, more robust components, larger screen size, capacity to attach peripherals, and portability. Advantages of Laptops for the Sales Team: 1. Greater Processing Power: Laptops handle more demanding tasks, like running databases and analytics software. 2. Full Keyboard: Ideal for typing longer emails, reports, and working with spreadsheets. 3. Storage Capacity: Laptops typically offer more storage for documents and media. 4. Multitasking: Better suited for running multiple applications simultaneously. 5. Software Compatibility: Laptops support more comprehensive programs like Access and Excel, which may not function fully on tablets. d. In your opinion, would you recommend a laptop or tablet? Explain why in one written paragraph. Answer: Answers will vary, but should contain one paragraph explaining the choice based on the relative advantages listed above. I would recommend a laptop for the sales team. While tablets offer portability, laptops provide the necessary processing power, full keyboard, and software compatibility required for tasks like managing databases and handling large Excel files. Laptops also offer superior multitasking and storage, making them ideal for complex work, especially when traveling or working remotely. Given that the sales team needs to use applications like Access and Excel, the laptop's functionality and versatility make it the better choice for productivity. 2: 3D Printers Changing the Manufacturing World The manufacturing world is quickly changing with the invention of the 3D printer. Research the use of 3D printers in manufacturing today and in the future. a. Write 100 words or more on at least five uses of 3D printers in manufacturing. Answer: Exact wording will vary, but five current uses of 3D printers in manufacturing include prototype testing, fabricating components with shapes difficult to mold cast or forge, manufacturing rare parts on demand, making reproductions of artworks, and in jewelry-making. 3D printers have revolutionized manufacturing in several key areas: 1. Prototyping: 3D printing enables rapid creation of prototypes, allowing manufacturers to test designs before full production. 2. Custom Parts: It allows for the production of customized components tailored to specific needs, reducing waste. 3. Tooling: Manufacturers use 3D printing to create specialized tools and molds quickly and affordably. 4. On-Demand Production: 3D printing supports on-demand manufacturing, reducing the need for large inventories. 5. Complex Geometries: It allows for the creation of intricate designs that would be impossible or costly with traditional methods. b. Research and document the cost and specifications for a 3D home printer. Share the link of the 3D printer you researched. Answer: One currently available home 3D printer is the Cube (http://cubify.com/en/Cube). The Cube 2 printer retails for $1300. CUBE 3D PRINTER TECH SPECS WEIGHT & DIMENSIONS Cube dimensions: (with cartridge)13.3” by 13.3” by 11” (deep). / 33.5 x 33.8 x 28 cm Cube weight: (with cartridge)17 lbs / 7.7 kg Box dimensions:16 x 15 x 19 inches / 41 x 38 x 48 cm Box weight:22 lbs / 10 kg CONNECTIVITY Wireless:802.11b/g with: WPS Infrastructure / Adhoc Mode Requirements:Cube software (supplied with the Cube) Wired:USB stick, to transfer print files (supplied with the Cube) PRINT PROPERTIES Technology:Plastic Jet Printing (PJP) Print jets:Dual jets Maximum design size:6 x 6 x 6 inches / 15.25 x 15.25 x 15.25 cm Material:Tough recyclable PLA plastic or compostable ABS plastic. Layer thickness:70 microns, fast mode: 200 microns Supports:Fully Automated, easy to peel off Dual cartridges:Each cartridge prints 13 to 14 mid-sized creations SOFTWARE Description:Comes with software to create .CUBE files Print jets:Dual jets Windows requirements:Cube software runs on 32 and 64-bit Operating Systems: Windows XP Professional or Home Edition with Service Pack 3 Windows 7 Windows 8 Mac OSX requirements:Cube software runs on Mac OSX 10.8 Minimum hardware requirements: Processor: Multi-core processor - 2GHz or faster per core System RAM: 2 GB Screen Resolution: 1024x768 c. Name three types of media or materials used within the 3D printer to create products. Answer: Plastic, paper, plaster, metal alloys 3: Using Voice Input on a Mobile Device Note: This assignment requires a smartphone or computer with a microphone. A free Web site and app named Dictionary.com supports voice input so that when you speak any word in English, Dictionary.com displays the spelling and definition of that word. Open your browser on any computer, go to the Dictionary.com Web site, and then install the free app on your smartphone or other mobile device. Tap or click the microphone icon and then speak into your device’s microphone as you read five technology terms and their definitions from Dictionary.com. a. Write a paragraph describing an example of how you could use voice-to-text technology in your future job. Answer: Answers will vary, but examples include creation of speech, meeting, and lecture transcriptions and auto-dictation of memos, letters, and other business documents. In my future job, I could use voice-to-text technology to quickly document client interactions, meetings, or project updates while on the go. Instead of manually typing notes, I would dictate them directly into a device, allowing for hands-free operation. This would enhance productivity by saving time, especially during travel or in fast-paced environments, ensuring that key details are captured accurately and efficiently. Additionally, the technology would help streamline reporting and reduce the risk of missing important information during client calls or presentations. b. Which five terms did you read using Dictionary.com? Answer: Answers will vary, but any five technology-related terms are acceptable. 1. Banish: To expel from or relegate to a country or place by authoritative decree; condemn to exile. 2. Leitmotiv: A recurring theme throughout a musical or literary composition, associated with a particular person, idea, or situation. 3. Quietism: A form of Christian mysticism that teaches spiritual peace and perfection can be attained through the contemplation of God and the renunciation of personal will. 4. Adze: A tool similar to an axe, with an arched blade at right angles to the handle, used for cutting or shaping large pieces of wood. 5. Cyclone: A system of winds rotating inward to an area of low barometric pressure, with a counterclockwise (northern hemisphere) or clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation; a depression. c. Do you think voice and speech recognition technology can assist learners for whom English is a second language? Why or why not? Answer: Answers will vary, but arguments in support may be that learners could use speech recognition software to perfect their pronunciation of English. Arguments against may be that speech recognition software is not sophisticated enough to process close variations in word pronunciation to be useful for someone learning English as a second language. Yes, voice and speech recognition technology can assist English as a second language learners by improving pronunciation and fluency through real-time feedback. It helps learners practice speaking and listening skills by converting spoken language into text, allowing them to see their errors. Additionally, it can aid with vocabulary development and comprehension by providing instant translation and clarification, making language acquisition more interactive and accessible. Critical Thinking Now 1: Investigate Cloud Storage Providers After the hard drive of your older computer crashed recently, you are reconsidering the way you back up data. Investigate three cloud storage providers that provide home computer users with free storage space for backing up files such as documents, music, pictures, and videos. Write a paragraph on each of the cloud storage options, explaining which one would you select and why. Answer: Answer will vary, but common cloud storage providers currently in use include Microsoft OneDrive, Dropbox, and Google Drive. Reasons for choosing one over another may include cost difference, storage capacity provided, limitations on file size or file type, and security or privacy concerns. 1. Google Drive: Google Drive offers 15 GB of free storage shared across Google services (Drive, Gmail, Photos). It’s great for home users due to its easy integration with Google’s ecosystem, including Docs, Sheets, and Photos. The platform is user-friendly, accessible from any device, and offers powerful collaboration tools. Given its balance of space and functionality, it’s ideal for those already using Google services. 2. Dropbox: Dropbox provides 2 GB of free storage, which can be expanded through referrals and other incentives. Its clean interface and seamless syncing make it an excellent choice for quick file sharing and backup across multiple devices. However, the free storage is limited, which might be restrictive for users with large media collections. 3. Microsoft OneDrive: Offering 5 GB of free storage, OneDrive is integrated with Microsoft Office, making it a top choice for users already working within the Microsoft ecosystem. Its features include file sharing, syncing, and access across devices. For those using Windows or Office, OneDrive offers a smooth experience. Selection: I would choose Google Drive due to its generous free storage and integration with a wide array of Google services, making it a versatile option for file backup and access across devices. 2: Touch Screen Options You are considering buying a large display screen for your home computer for playing games, watching media, and performing general computing tasks. The display screen needs to work with your primary computing device. Research large touch screen monitors, select one that suits your needs, and then write two paragraphs about your findings. The first paragraph should discuss the specifications of the touch screen you would like, and the second paragraph should discuss the features and cost of the touch screen. Answer: Answers will vary, but one currently available large touch screen monitor is provided as an example: VIEWSONIC TD3240 / 32" LED LCD Touchscreen Monitor Cost: $3,490 LCD Touchscreen Monitor Screen Size: 32" Screen Mode: Full HD Response Time: 6.50 ms Horizontal Viewing Angle: 178° Vertical Viewing Angle: 178° Mount Type: Wall Mountable Backlight Technology: LED Features: In-plane Switching (IPS) Technology Maximum Resolution: 1920 x 1080 Standard Refresh Rate: 63 Hz Contrast Ratio: 3,000:1 Brightness: 315 Nit Speakers: Yes Touchscreen: Yes Touchscreen Type: Projected Capacitive Multi-touch Screen: Yes DVI: Yes USB: Yes VGA: Yes DisplayPort: Yes Network (RJ-45): Yes Built-in Devices: Speaker, USB Hub Input Voltage: 110 V AC, 220 V AC Operating Power Consumption: 65 W VESA Mount Compatible: Yes VESA Mount Standard: 400 x 200 Height: 18.9" Width: 31.0" Depth: 2.7" Package Contents: Intuitive Multi-Touch Design , Power Cable , VGA Cable , DVI Cable , DVI to DisplayPort Adapter , Audio Cable , USB Cable , Quick Start Guide , ViewSonic Wizard CD The Dell P2418HT 24-Inch Touch Monitor stands out as an excellent option for a large display screen. It features a Full HD (1920x1080) resolution, offering vibrant and crisp visuals for gaming, media, and general computing tasks. The 24-inch display size strikes a balance between immersion and practicality, ensuring that the screen isn't too large for typical desktop setups. Its 10-point touch capability allows for smooth and responsive touch inputs, whether you’re swiping, tapping, or using multi-touch gestures. The monitor’s anti-glare coating reduces reflections, making it comfortable to use in various lighting conditions. With an adjustable stand that tilts and swivels, it’s ergonomic and easy to position for gaming or media viewing. In terms of features, the Dell P2418HT comes with multiple input options, including HDMI, DisplayPort, and VGA, making it compatible with most modern PCs and gaming consoles. It also has built-in cable management for a cleaner setup. The touch responsiveness is seamless, and it supports Windows 10 and 11's touch capabilities. As for the cost, it’s priced around $350, which is reasonable given the combination of touch functionality, size, and display quality. This monitor offers an excellent blend of features and affordability, making it a great choice for gaming, media consumption, and general use. 3: Email Attachments vs. Cloud File Sharing When you send a file, you can attach it to your email message or share the file using cloud storage. Compare and contrast email attachments versus cloud file sharing in a Word document of 150 words or more. Be sure to use your own words, and share your opinion after your comparison. Answer: Answers will vary, but advantages of email attachments include direct delivery and fewer steps to the process of sending and accessing the file. Disadvantages include file size limitations and possibly requiring the file to be compressed and unzipped using specific software. Advantages of cloud storage include higher file size allowance, ability to keep most current file updated online, and lower bandwidth use if delivering the file to multiple recipients. Disadvantages of cloud file storage include the requirement to register an account at the site for all involved and not being able to deliver the file directly to recipients. Email attachments are simple and direct, allowing files to be sent and accessed within the email itself. However, attachments are typically limited in file size (usually 25 MB) and may not support large files like videos. Additionally, attachments can clutter inboxes and pose a security risk if not scanned properly. Cloud file sharing, on the other hand, allows for sharing large files through a link without size restrictions. Files can be accessed from any device with internet access, and the sender can control permissions, such as read-only or edit access. Cloud sharing also enables collaboration by allowing multiple users to edit the file in real-time. In my opinion, cloud file sharing is more versatile and secure, especially for large files or collaborative projects. However, email attachments remain convenient for smaller, quick exchanges. For most professional or large file transfers, I prefer cloud sharing due to its flexibility. Ethical Issues Now You can use apps such as Glympse to recover lost or stolen smartphones by determining their GPS position. In fact, you can find the location of any phone as long as you have the permission of the owner. a. If you were a parent, how would you feel about placing an app such as Glympse on your young teenager’s phone for safety issues to determine his or her exact location? Write a paragraph stating your opinion. Answer: Answers will vary, but supporting arguments would be to help insure child safety, enforcing behavior rules, and insuring child honesty. Arguments against the monitoring might include invasion of privacy, erosion of parent/child trust, and ability of the technology to be circumvented. As a parent, I would feel that placing an app like Glympse on my young teenager’s phone is a reasonable safety measure, especially in today’s world where there are numerous concerns about their well-being. While I value their independence and privacy, the ability to check their location in real time can offer peace of mind, particularly when they’re out with friends or in unfamiliar places. However, it would be important to have an open conversation with my teenager about why the app is being used, emphasizing trust and mutual respect. This way, they can understand that the purpose is not to invade their privacy, but to ensure their safety. Balancing safety with their growing need for autonomy would be key. b. Your best friend recently got engaged and seems concerned about the whereabouts of her fiancé at times. She asked you to install the Glympse app on a pay-as-you-go phone and place it in the trunk of the fiancé’s vehicle to track his location. How would you handle this ethical dilemma? Write a paragraph stating your opinion. Answer: Answers will vary, but supporting arguments might be to help the friend who may have a true concern, and if the fiancé is not doing anything wrong then the tracking will vindicate them. Arguments against might include invasion of privacy, violation of trust, and suggesting the friend should address the issue directly with the fiancé rather than involve a friend in some complex covert scheme. In this situation, I would not agree to help my friend install the Glympse app on her fiancé’s vehicle, as it raises significant ethical concerns. Tracking someone’s location without their knowledge or consent is a violation of their privacy and trust, which is a foundation of any healthy relationship. Instead of resorting to such actions, I would encourage my friend to have an open and honest conversation with her fiancé about her concerns. Trust issues should be addressed through communication, not surveillance. While I understand her feelings of uncertainty, using deceptive methods to track his whereabouts could damage their relationship further, and it's important to act with integrity in such delicate matters. c. Some governments use their citizens’ cell phones to track those citizens when they leave their home country. Write a paragraph explaining whether your country should track you without your permission when you are abroad. Answer: Answers will vary, but supporting arguments might be to help maintain national security and allow the citizen to be found if they get into trouble. Arguments against might include invasion of privacy, erosion of trust, and government overstepping both personal rights and international laws. In my view, governments should not track citizens through their cell phones without explicit consent, even when they are abroad. While there may be security reasons for monitoring, such as preventing terrorism or ensuring the safety of citizens, tracking without permission violates fundamental rights to privacy and personal freedom. If tracking is deemed necessary for security or health reasons, governments should be transparent about the policies, clearly communicate the purpose, and provide citizens the option to opt-in or out. Consent-based tracking ensures that individuals maintain control over their personal data and movements, which is vital for trust between citizens and their government. Unauthorized surveillance can lead to misuse of information and erode civil liberties, even if the intentions are good. Team Up Now – Google Glass in your Career Google Glass can be used in a wide variety of jobs and fields, including the aviation industry. At one time, repairing airplanes required two mechanics: one to hold the manual displaying schematic drawings of airplane parts and another to actually fix or replace the part. Now a single airplane mechanic can use Google Glass to refer to a hands-free display of the schematics as he or she repairs the plane. As a team, research five other jobs that can use Google Glass to be more productive. a. Create a combined document describing five jobs that could use Google Glass and explaining how the device would make people in those jobs more productive. Write a full paragraph for each job. Answer: Answers will vary, but examples include doctors, nurses, athletes, police officers, firefighters, soldiers, security personnel, and delivery drivers. All could benefit from being able to bring up location-specific or other additional information while working and having the ability to record audio, video, or photos. Five Jobs That Could Use Google Glass: 1. Surgeons: Google Glass allows surgeons to access real-time medical information, such as patient vitals and surgery details, without taking their eyes off the operating field. Surgeons can also record procedures for educational purposes or consult with specialists remotely during surgery, improving precision and reducing operation time. 2. Field Service Technicians: Technicians repairing complex systems such as HVAC units, power grids, or telecommunications can use Google Glass to view service manuals, troubleshoot guides, or contact experts remotely. This hands-free access to information allows them to focus on repairs, speeding up the process and improving efficiency. 3. Construction Workers: Workers in construction can benefit from Google Glass by viewing blueprints and building plans directly in their line of sight. This reduces the need to carry physical documents or tablets and ensures quick access to updated plans. It also allows for immediate communication with supervisors or architects. 4. Retail Associates: Google Glass can assist retail workers by providing product information, inventory details, and customer order statuses instantly. Associates can assist customers more efficiently by answering questions without needing to leave the floor or check a computer. 5. Paramedics: In emergency situations, paramedics can use Google Glass to stream live video to hospitals, allowing doctors to guide them through critical procedures. This hands-free communication can speed up life-saving interventions, ensure correct treatment, and improve patient outcomes. b. Create a bulleted list of 10 reasons Google Glass could be a security concern within business in general. Answer: Answers will vary, but concerns might include privacy violations, violation of professional secrets, spying on co-workers, management spying on workers, industrial espionage, lost productivity, waste of company bandwidth, tracking employee movement, loss or theft of the glasses, and vulnerability to hacking of the equipment itself. 10 Security Concerns of Google Glass in Business: • Unauthorized recording of sensitive information. • Potential for hacking and data breaches. • Loss or theft of the device leading to security compromises. • Employees sharing confidential data unintentionally via video streaming. • Invasion of privacy in the workplace. • Data transmission over insecure networks. • Lack of strong encryption for business communications. • Risk of malware being installed on the device. • Difficulty in monitoring employee usage of Glass for non-work purposes. • Unauthorized access to business systems via integrated apps. c. As a team, compile your own opinions of how Google Glass could be used by students in the classroom. List and explain four possibilities. Answer: Answers will vary but possible answers include recording lectures, instant access to additional information, enhanced note-taking, and the ability to view important information while using both hands such as in a laboratory. Four Possibilities of Google Glass in the Classroom: 1. Real-time research: Students can access online information hands-free while working on group projects or during lab work, allowing them to reference data without interrupting the task. 2. Interactive field trips: Google Glass could stream live tours of historical sites, museums, or laboratories, providing virtual learning experiences that enhance understanding of the subject. 3. Collaboration: Students can use Google Glass to collaborate with peers remotely in real-time, sharing video feeds of their work and ideas during projects or discussions. 4. Accessibility: Students with disabilities could use Google Glass for real-time translations, transcriptions, or guidance, making learning more inclusive. d. Identify three YouTube videos that describe the use of Google Glass. Answer: Answers will vary, but three currently available videos include: Introduction to Google Glass: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cAediAS9ADM&list=PLyR4fvjGTgA65BkrjbVHAWT9IuPIExw5_ Google Glass Review - Engadget: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j8lScHO2mM0 Explorer Story: Patrick Jackson [through Google Glass]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPbZy2wrTGk&list=PLyR4fvjGTgA47JSh-5X4sVoUdigAbJiNo Three YouTube Videos on Google Glass: 1. “Google Glass: A New Way to See the World” – Overview of its potential in various industries. 2. “Google Glass in Healthcare: A New Era of Medicine” – Demonstrates the benefits for surgeons and healthcare professionals. 3. “Google Glass in Education: A Classroom Revolution” – Shows how the device can enhance learning for students and teachers. Technology Now Chapter 2: Introduction to Software and Apps Chapter Review WHAT IS SOFTWARE? 1. What are the two main types of software? Answer: The two types of software are system software and application software, or apps. 2. What do you call apps that you can use without installing them? Answer: Computers come with preinstalled software, software that is already on the machine. 3. Patches and service packs are two ways you can update your software. What is the main difference between patches and service packs? Answer: Software updates come in the form of patches (smaller fixes) and service packs (larger fixes), which replace small sections of existing code with the new, improved code. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT 4. Describe an advantage of high-level programming languages, and give two examples. Answer: High-level languages create source code using words and structures similar to spoken language. High-level languages make programming easier; however, they must be translated from source code into machine code before a computer can read them. Most business and scientific applications are written in high-level languages such as C, Visual Basic, PHP, and Java. Java is a popular high-level language for Web-based programming. For mobile apps, developers might use Objective-C, JavaScript, or HTML5. 5. What are the two important types of software development methodologies? Briefly describe each one. Answer: Two important methodologies are predictive and agile; each methodology has a number of different models. The predictive methodology focuses on planning and preparation to minimize changes later in the development process. The agile, or adaptive, programming methodology focuses on flexibility; program designs and specifications change and evolve as a project moves forward. 6. Name three common tools that programmers use and briefly describe each one. Answer: Text editors and program editors let programmers write code using a word processing-like interface that often includes features such as AutoCorrect and AutoComplete. Compilers and interpreters translate source code from high-level languages into machine code so it can be understood by the processor. Assemblers translate assembly language into machine code. Debuggers examine software code line by line to identify errors or “bugs,” such as incorrect formulas or logic errors. TYPES OF SOFTWARE 7. Briefly describe the function of operating system software, and name two common operating systems. Answer: Operating system software, also called OS software or a platform, manages computer hardware and software. For example, it allocates memory, launches applications, configures hardware devices, and establishes your Internet connection. The most common operating systems today are Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X, and Linux. 8. What is the purpose of utility software? Name two common types of utility programs. Answer: Utility software is system software that performs maintenance-related tasks on computers, such as locating files, cleaning up or defragmenting (consolidating data on) disks, and compressing files. 9. Name and briefly describe three types of productivity software. Answer: Productivity software is application software that makes people more productive by automating common or repetitive tasks. Programs sold in productivity suites include word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation, and graphics programs. PURCHASING SOFTWARE 10. Name two popular online stores you might use to purchase software. Answer: Popular online stores include Windows Store, Apple App Store, and Google Play. 11. What is custom software? Name an advantage and a disadvantage of custom software. Answer: Unlike packaged software, which is designed to meet the needs of many, custom software is designed to meet the unique needs of an organization or business. Companies either hire outside programmers to write custom software or use their own internal developers. Acquiring custom software is more time consuming and expensive than purchasing packaged software, because developers must go through the entire development process. On the other hand, custom software matches the users’ needs exactly and can be modified if those needs change. 12. Describe the purpose of open source software and give two examples. Answer: Open source software is copyrighted software whose source code is “open” or available to the public. Users can copy, modify, and customize the software with certain restrictions. The concept of open source software was introduced in 1991 by Linus Torvalds, who created and then shared the Linux operating system with the world. Besides Linux, popular open source programs include Firefox, Audacity, and the OpenOffice productivity suite. LICENSING SOFTWARE 13. What is a copyright, and who owns the copyright to a product? Answer: A copyright is the legal right to copy, distribute, modify, and sell an original work, including computer software. The copyright belongs exclusively to the creator of the work, such as the software developer or publisher. 14. What are two types of software licenses? Briefly describe each one. Answer: A single-user license, also called an end-user license agreement (EULA), grants one user the right to use the software. Many students and home users buy single-user licenses. A multiple-user license lets many users use the software; the number of users and the price vary by license. A site license allows an organization to install software on all computers at a site, either locally or through a network. Site licenses are generally priced at a flat rate per site. A concurrent-use license allows a specified number of copies of the software to be used at any given time within an organization. The license is typically priced per copy. Finally, time-limited licenses grant usage rights for a fixed period of time. 15. Name three types of authentication technologies that help protect against piracy, and briefly describe each one. Answer: Authentication technologies require users to log in with a valid user ID and password to access Web-based content such as software programs or e-books. Packaged software programs often include Certificates of Authenticity with validation codes that users must input during the installation process. Encryption makes digital content unreadable unless viewed with a valid encryption key or authorized hardware device. A digital watermark is a hidden pattern or signal inserted into digital content to identify the copyright holder. SOFTWARE PROBLEMS 16. If you have a software problem, what are three kinds of application help that are available to you? Answer: A user manual gives instructions on using the program’s features and troubleshooting common problems. Onscreen Help is an electronic user manual with additional benefits, such as being able to search for specific topics or click links to online resources. Web-based Help can be found on a software publisher’s Web site, blog, or another software-related site. 17. Name and briefly describe three types of security software. Answer: Antivirus software finds and removes viruses, Trojan horses, worms, and bots from your computer and scans incoming and outgoing email messages to identify threats. Antispyware prevents spyware from installing itself on your computer and removes any existing spyware. Antispam software blocks spam, or electronic junk mail, from your email inbox. Firewall software creates a personal security zone around your computer by monitoring all incoming and outgoing traffic and blocking any suspicious activity. 18. Briefly describe the main steps you should perform to troubleshoot a software problem. Answer: 1) Stop and think: Remain calm and consider the situation. Randomly pressing keys or clicking could make matters worse. Taking a thoughtful, organized approach can help solve the problem. 2) Save and back up: Save any open documents if possible, and verify that your work is backed up (copied) to an external drive or online location. 3) Gather information: Write down the problem, including the exact text and numbers of any error messages. What were you doing when it occurred? Can you replicate (reproduce) it? What steps did you take to replicate it? Note the time and date, and any other programs that were running. Write down your computer model, operating system version, and application program versions. 4) Research possible solutions: Have you recently installed any software or hardware? Is your antivirus software up to date? Have you recently downloaded anything from the Internet that may have introduced a virus? Does a virus scan reveal any problems? Search the Internet using a short problem description. Check the software manufacturer’s technical support Web site, as well as forums and newsgroups. Other people may have had the same problem. If you test possible solutions, try only one solution at a time, and write down what happens. 5) Call for help: If necessary, contact the manufacturer’s Technical Support department, with your notes in front of you, so you can answer any questions they might ask. Test Your Knowledge Now 1. Software that lets users interact with the computer by tapping, clicking, or pressing buttons, menus, icons, and links has: a. Preinstalled software. b. A compiler. c. A graphical user interface. d. A code library. 2. Software that you can pay for with a monthly subscription fee is called: a. A Web app. b. Software as a Service (SaaS). c. Portable app. d. Productivity software. 3. The preinstalled software that runs your computer is called: a. An app. b. Productivity software. c. A programming language. d. An operating system. 4. Which of the following translate source code from high-level languages into machine code? a. Assemblers b. Debuggers c. Program editors d. Compilers 5. Machine and assembly programming languages are examples of: a. High-level languages. b. Low-level languages. c. Debuggers. d. Program editors. 6. The software development methodology that focuses on planning and preparation to minimize changes later on is called: a. Extreme programming model. b. Predictive methodology. c. Adaptive methodology. d. Agile methodology. 7. Which of the following allocates computer memory, launches application programs, and configures hardware devices? a. Platform b. Graphical user interface c. Command-line interface d. Application program 8. A widget is: a. A utility program that controls peripheral devices. b. A mobile application. c. An application that lets you create large collections of data. d. A utility program on the desktop that displays small pieces of information. 9. Which of the following is a form of malware that often uses keyloggers to steal passwords? a. A virus. b. A worm. c. A Trojan horse. d. A mobile app. 10. Mass-produced software that appeals to a wide range of users is called: a. Custom software. b. Web apps. c. Open source software. d. Packaged software. 11. Web apps are: a. Programs you access over the Internet with a computer or mobile device. b. Designed to meet the unique needs of an organization or business. c. A form of packaged software. d. Public domain software 12. The Linux operating system is an example of: a. Open source software. b. Shareware. c. A Web app. d. Custom software. 13. Copyright is intended to protect: a. Encryption. b. End-user licenses. c. Intellectual property. d. Digital Rights Management. 14. The legal right to copy, distribute, modify, and sell an original work is called a: a. Copyright. b. License. c. Digital Rights Management. d. Certificate of Authenticity. 15. Which of the following DRM technologies makes digital content unreadable unless viewed with a valid key? a. Digital watermark. b. Certificate of Authenticity. c. Copy protection. d. Encryption. 16. Which of the following is not a type of application help? a. A software publisher's Web site b. Onscreen link c. User manual d. Service pack 17. If a software company wants to issue a collection of software fixes, which of the following would they release? a. An update b. Malware c. Security software d. A patch 18. If you encounter a software problem, you should determine if you can ______ it. a. crash b. replicate c. patch d. reboot 19. In the space next to each image below, write the letter of the phrase that describes it: a. Command line interface b. Graphical user interface c. Microsoft Excel application software d. Authentication e. Web app Try This Now 1: Microsoft Office Web Apps Microsoft Office Web apps provide a free way to create, edit, and share Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote files from any browser. If necessary, create a free Microsoft account at outlook.com. Select the OneDrive option, and then select the Create button to use the PowerPoint presentation Web app. a. Create a five-slide presentation explaining the features of the Microsoft Office Web apps. Answer: Solutions will vary, but should be a PowerPoint presentation file containing five slides, each explaining a feature of the Microsoft Office Web apps. Sample features include the ability to create files from anywhere using a Web browser, the ability to download files to edit in the full Office programs, the ability to share files with others online and to collaborate on file creation online, the ability to store files online using the free OneDrive cloud storage service, and the ability to create files online using the Web versions of Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote. Here is a brief outline for a five-slide presentation on the features of Microsoft Office Web Apps: Slide 1: Introduction to Microsoft Office Web Apps •Overview: Free online versions of Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote. •Accessibility: Accessible from any browser with an internet connection. •Account: Requires a free Microsoft account. Slide 2: Word for the Web •Create and Edit: Create and edit documents online. •Collaboration: Real-time collaboration with others. •Features: Basic formatting, spell check, and more. Slide 3: Excel for the Web •Create and Edit: Create and edit spreadsheets online. •Functions: Supports basic formulas and functions. •Collaboration: Share and collaborate in real-time. Slide 4: PowerPoint for the Web •Create and Edit: Create and edit presentations online. •Templates: Access to various templates and design tools. •Collaboration: Work together on presentations in real-time. Slide 5: OneNote for the Web •Create and Edit: Create and edit notes online. •Organization: Organize notes into notebooks, sections, and pages. •Collaboration: Share notebooks and collaborate with others. Would you like me to create this presentation for you? If so, please provide any specific details or preferences you have in mind! b. Add appropriate images to each slide in the presentation. Solutions will vary, but each of the five slides should contain an image related to the slide content. Slide 1: Introduction to Microsoft Office Web Apps •Image: A screenshot of the Microsoft Office Web Apps homepage or a collage of the logos for Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote. Slide 2: Word for the Web •Image: A screenshot of a Word document being edited online, highlighting the collaboration features. Slide 3: Excel for the Web •Image: A screenshot of an Excel spreadsheet with some data and charts, showcasing the functions and real-time collaboration. Slide 4: PowerPoint for the Web •Image: A screenshot of a PowerPoint presentation being edited online, with a focus on the templates and design tools. Slide 5: OneNote for the Web •Image: A screenshot of a OneNote notebook with organized sections and pages, highlighting the collaboration features. Would you like me to create this presentation with these images for you? If you have any specific images in mind or need further customization, just let me know! c. Save and share the presentation with your instructor using the Share feature. Answer: PowerPoint file should be shared with instructor using the Share feature of the PowerPoint Web app. To save and share your presentation using the Microsoft Office Web Apps, follow these steps: 1. Create the Presentation: Open PowerPoint for the Web. Create your five-slide presentation with the content and images as discussed. 2. Save the Presentation: The presentation will be saved automatically to your OneDrive as you work on it. 3. Share the Presentation: Click on the Share button at the top right corner of the screen. Enter your instructor’s email address in the “Invite people” field. Choose the appropriate permissions (e.g., “Can edit” or “Can view”). Add a message if you like, then click Send. Would you like me to create the presentation for you, or do you need any further assistance with these steps? 2: Google Drive Web Apps Google Drive is the home of Google Docs, a free office suite of productivity applications that offer collaborative editing on documents, spreadsheets, and presentations. If necessary, open a browser and create a Google free account at google.com. Sign in to your account, and then go to drive.google.com. a. Select the Create button and then select Document. Using the Google Docs word processor and the Google Drive Help feature, research using Google Drive for online storage, and then write at least 100 words describing this feature. Answer: Solutions will vary, but key features of Google Drive include: 15GB of free cloud storage space for files of all types, and integrated access to other Google online apps such as Gmail and Google Docs, which allows the creation of documents, spreadsheets, forms, presentations, and Drawings. Google Drive also includes customizable features for sharing files with groups of people or the public with a spectrum of accessibility and security settings. Google Drive for Online Storage Google Drive is a cloud-based storage platform that allows users to store, access, and share files from any device with an internet connection. Offering 15 GB of free storage, users can save a variety of file types, including documents, photos, and videos. One of Google Drive’s most notable features is its seamless integration with Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides, enabling users to create and collaboratively edit documents in real-time. Files are automatically saved, preventing data loss. Google Drive also supports offline access, version history tracking, and advanced sharing options, making it a versatile tool for both personal and professional use. b. Select File and then select Share. Invite your instructor to share this document by entering his or her email address. Answer: Solutions will vary, but the document created should be shared with the instructor using the built-in features of Google Drive. To complete the task of sharing the document: 1. In Google Docs, go to the File menu. 2. Click on Share. 3. In the pop-up window, enter your instructor's email address. 4. Choose the appropriate permission level (e.g., "Viewer," "Commenter," or "Editor"). 5. Click Send to invite your instructor to share the document. This will allow your instructor to access and review the document as needed. 3: Software Recommendations Before you purchase software, you should read unbiased reviews, compare prices, and understand specifications to improve your purchasing experience. One of the most popular sites for software and hardware reviews is cnet.com. a. Open the site cnet.com. Select Reviews on the navigation bar, select Software, and then select the iOS platform. Sort the listing of reviews by most popular. What are the 10 most popular iOS software packages? List the price for each one. Answer: Solutions will vary based on the day the assignment is completed. However, each solution should contain a list of ten iOS apps and their prices. CNET: 1. Open CNET: Go to cnet.com. 2. Navigate to Reviews: Click on the “Reviews” section in the navigation bar. 3. Select Software: Choose “Software” from the dropdown menu. 4. Select iOS Platform: Filter the reviews to show only iOS software. 5. Sort by Most Popular: Sort the listing by “Most Popular”. b. Select one of the 10 iOS software packages. Cnet includes comments labeled “The good,” “The bad,” and “The bottom line.” Copy this information about your selected software and paste it into a word processing document. Answer: Solutions will vary based on the app selected. Here is one sample from the day this document was created: Fantastical 2 for iPad review: Price: $9.99 Review Date: Apr. 22, 2014 Updated on: Apr. 25, 2014 The Good Fantastical 2 for iPad helps you create events or reminders with just a few words, instead of countless taps. It combines your iOS Calendar and Reminders into one app. The Bad Compared to many calendar apps, Fantastical 2 is pretty expensive. The amount of information displayed can be overwhelming. The Bottom Line With the ability to use natural language to make appointments and reminders, and a (mostly) intuitive interface, Fantastical 2 for iPad is the best way to manage your schedule. URL: http://www.cnet.com/products/fantastical-2-for-ipad-ios/ To complete this task: 1. Go to [cnet.com](https://www.cnet.com) and navigate to the Reviews section. 2. Select Software, filter the reviews by the iOS platform, and sort them by popularity. 3. Choose one of the iOS software packages and locate the sections labeled “The good,” “The bad,” and “The bottom line.” 4. Copy that information and paste it into your preferred word processing software like Google Docs or Microsoft Word. c. For the iOS software you selected, summarize in one paragraph what the reviews stated. Answer: Solutions will vary, but should contain one paragraph summarizing the pasted review of the selected iOS app. To summarize the reviews for one of the iOS software packages from CNET: The reviews for [selected iOS app] highlighted both strengths and weaknesses. The good aspects of the app include its intuitive user interface, efficient functionality, and seamless integration with other iOS services. Users appreciated the app’s performance, especially for [specific feature]. The bad points raised in reviews involved occasional glitches, limited customization options, and a lack of support for older iOS versions. Some users also mentioned that while the app is mostly reliable, there are rare but frustrating crashes. The bottom line stated that the app is a solid choice for users who value [primary feature] and want an easy-to-use tool, but it may not be the best fit for those looking for advanced customization or compatibility with older devices. Critical Thinking Now 1: Office 365 Subscription-Based Software You are employed part time by a restaurant chain. Your duties include assisting with the bulk food orders and delivery for each restaurant location in your city. The chain uses Microsoft Office in their restaurants and business offices. Your boss requested that you research Office 365 subscriptions at office365.com. a. Which programs are available in the Office 365 subscription? Answer: Solutions may vary depending on time and specific plan selected, but sample answers are provided based on the Office 365 Small Business Premium plan features and pricing at the time this document was created. The plan includes Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneNote, Publisher, Access, and Lync. Office 365 (now known as Microsoft 365) offers several subscription options that include a range of programs and services. The key programs available in the Microsoft 365 subscription include: 1. Microsoft Word – Word processing software for creating documents. 2. Microsoft Excel – Spreadsheet software for data analysis and visualization. 3. Microsoft PowerPoint – Presentation software for slideshows and visual presentations. 4. Microsoft Outlook – Email and calendar management software. 5. Microsoft OneNote – Note-taking app that syncs across devices. 6. Microsoft Publisher (PC only) – Desktop publishing software. 7. Microsoft Access (PC only) – Database management software. 8. Microsoft Teams – Collaboration tool for video meetings, chat, and file sharing. Additionally, Microsoft 365 subscriptions often come with OneDrive cloud storage and access to mobile and web versions of these apps for enhanced flexibility. b. How much would your business pay for each employee per month to use Office 365 installed on five of their home computers? Answer: The Office 365 Small Business Premium plan costs $12.50 per user per month if paid annually, and $15.00 per user per month if paid monthly. c. What are the advantages of subscription-based software compared to traditional perpetual software? Name at least three advantages. Answer: Answers will vary, but possible advantages include automatic access to the latest product updates, ongoing product support, and lower up-front cost. Here are three key advantages of subscription-based software compared to traditional perpetual software: 1. Cost Efficiency: Subscription models often spread the cost over monthly or annual payments, making it more affordable upfront compared to a large one-time purchase with perpetual licenses. 2. Continuous Updates: Subscription-based software includes automatic access to the latest features, security updates, and bug fixes without needing to purchase new versions. 3. Cross-Platform Access: Subscribers typically have access to both desktop and cloud-based versions of the software, allowing them to use it on multiple devices and platforms, including mobile and web, enhancing flexibility and mobility. d. What are the disadvantages of subscription based software in comparison to traditional perpetual software? Name at least three disadvantages. Answer: Answers will vary, but possible disadvantages include ongoing product cost, inability to own a physical copy of the software, and inability to stick with a favorite version of a program as updates are created.and Google Drive. Reasons for choosing one over another may include cost difference, storage capacity provided, limitations on file size or file type, and security or privacy concerns. Here are three disadvantages of subscription-based software compared to traditional perpetual software: 1. Ongoing Cost: While the upfront cost is lower, subscription fees accumulate over time, which can make it more expensive in the long run compared to a one-time purchase with perpetual licenses. 2. Dependence on Internet Access: Subscription software often requires regular internet access for updates and syncing, making it less convenient in areas with limited or unreliable connectivity. 3. Loss of Access if Subscription Ends: If the subscription is not renewed, users typically lose access to the software and any related cloud services, whereas perpetual licenses allow indefinite use of the purchased version. 2: Spyware Virus Protection You recently purchased a Windows tablet, which comes equipped with free antivirus software called Windows Defender. Research and determine if this antivirus software provides enough coverage for personal usage. Write at least 150 words explaining your conclusions. Answer: Solutions will vary, but key features of Windows Defender that may be mentioned to explain the conclusion include: live automatic protection from viruses and malware from email and downloads and Internet connections, and regular and automatic updating of virus and malware definitions from Microsoft. Students may consider this adequate coverage for personal use, while others may prefer another product or manufacturer. Windows Defender, now known as Microsoft Defender Antivirus, is the built-in antivirus solution for Windows operating systems, including Windows tablets. It offers a range of protective features designed to guard against malware, spyware, and other security threats. For personal usage, Microsoft Defender provides a robust level of protection. It includes real-time scanning, automatic updates, and cloud-based protection, which helps it stay current with emerging threats. The software integrates well with Windows, ensuring that it doesn't interfere with system performance or other applications. Additionally, Microsoft Defender includes features like firewall protection, ransomware protection, and family safety tools, which enhance its effectiveness. However, while Microsoft Defender is a competent tool for general protection, it may not be as comprehensive as some third-party antivirus solutions, particularly those offering advanced features like VPNs, identity theft protection, or enhanced firewall options. For users who require these additional features or have specific security concerns, investing in a third-party antivirus program might be advisable. Overall, for most personal users, Microsoft Defender provides sufficient coverage for everyday use. 3: Android Tablet Apps Your school has received a grant that provides all students with an Android tablet. In addition to your academic apps, you would like to see what popular apps are available. Open the page https://play.google.com. Find this week’s Play Picks and read about the top five apps. Write a paragraph on the purpose and cost of each one, for a total of five paragraphs. Answer: Solutions will vary over time, but should include five paragraphs, each listing the name, cost, and description or purpose of each app. 1. Go to [Google Play](https://play.google.com). 2. Look for the "Play Picks" or "Top Apps" section, which usually highlights popular apps. Once you have the list of top five apps, you can describe each app’s purpose and cost. Here’s an example format you might use based on a hypothetical selection of apps: 1. App Name 1: This app is designed to help users manage their personal finances by tracking expenses and setting budget goals. It offers features such as automatic syncing with bank accounts and customizable reports. The basic version is free, but premium features, such as advanced analytics and ad-free experience, are available through a subscription model costing $4.99 per month. 2. App Name 2: This app provides a platform for social networking and connecting with friends and family. It includes features like photo sharing, messaging, and group video calls. The app is free to download and use, but it includes in-app purchases for additional features, such as premium stickers and enhanced profile customization. 3. App Name 3: This is a fitness tracking app that helps users monitor their physical activity, set fitness goals, and track progress. It offers various workout plans and integrates with wearable devices. The app is free with basic features, but a subscription costing $9.99 per month unlocks advanced workout programs and personalized coaching. 4. App Name 4: This app serves as a language learning tool, providing interactive lessons and practice exercises for multiple languages. It uses gamification to make learning engaging and effective. The app is free to use with limited content, while full access to all languages and features requires a subscription of $12.99 per month. 5. App Name 5: This is a popular game that combines strategy and puzzle elements. Players build and manage their own virtual city, completing various challenges and quests. The game is free to play but includes in-app purchases for virtual currency and special items, ranging from $1.99 to $99.99. You can tailor this format based on the actual apps you find on the Play Store. Ethical Issues Now Subscription-based software such as Office 365 Home Premium or Student Advantage lets you install five personal copies of Office on your computers. a. Research the Office 365 Home Premium plan. Investigate OneDrive for storage and cloud-based access to all your email, calendars, and documents. What are the guidelines for sharing the five copies of Office and OneDrive storage? Answer: Answers may vary over time, but the following was taken from the Microsoft Office 365 Web page at the time this document was created. Office on more devices: Install Office applications on up to 5 PCs or Macs, and 5 Windows tablets or iPads. Also enjoy easy access to documents with Office Mobile apps for iPhones®, Android phones, and Windows phones. Office for the whole family: Share your subscription benefits, such as easy installation on your family devices and extra online storage, with up to 4 members of your household. 20 GB extra online storage with OneDrive: Get 20 GB of extra online storage per user, for up to 5 users. Use your additional 20 GB online storage for documents, photos, and videos, so you can edit and share them from anywhere. Office 365 Home Premium, now known as Microsoft 365 Family, provides a subscription service that offers access to Office applications and additional features like OneDrive for storage and cloud-based access. Here’s a summary of the guidelines for sharing the five copies of Office and OneDrive storage: Office 365 Home Premium (Microsoft 365 Family) 1. Number of Licenses: The Microsoft 365 Family plan allows you to install Office applications on up to 5 devices per user, with a maximum of 6 users per subscription. This means you can have Office installed on up to 30 devices in total if all 6 users are utilizing the full allowance. 2. Sharing Licenses: The subscription can be shared with up to 5 other people, meaning you and up to 5 family members or friends can each install Office on your devices. Each user will have their own separate access to the Office apps, and they will receive their own personal OneDrive storage and access to Office applications. 3. OneDrive Storage: Each user included in the Microsoft 365 Family plan gets 1 TB of OneDrive cloud storage. This storage is personal to each user and not shared between users. This allows each person to store and access their own documents, photos, and files in the cloud. 4. Setup and Management: To share the subscription, the primary account holder can invite family members or friends to join the plan through the Microsoft account website. Each invited user will receive an email with instructions to activate their individual subscription benefits. 5. Features: Along with access to Office apps like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint, the Microsoft 365 Family plan includes additional features such as advanced security and privacy tools, ongoing updates to the latest versions of Office apps, and access to Skype minutes for calling phones. These guidelines ensure that each user under the Microsoft 365 Family plan can fully utilize their allocated Office apps and OneDrive storage without interference from other users. b. Write a paragraph on the guidelines for sharing your Office 365 Student Advantage subscription with two of your roommates. (All three of you live in the same apartment.) Answer: Solutions will vary, but at the time this document was created, Office 365 Student Advantage offered free access to Office 365 to students of schools that had paid subscriptions for faculty. According to the Microsoft Web site, "Each subscription license allows you to run Office on up to five machines being Mac or PC. You can also run Office Mobile for Android or Office Mobile for iPhone on up to 5 mobile devices." (URL: http://blogs.technet.com/b/microsoft_in_education/archive/2013/10/15/student-advantage-and-office-365-proplus-faq.aspx) Office 365 Student Advantage provides eligible students with free access to Microsoft Office applications and OneDrive storage. While this subscription is designed for individual use and is tied to the student's educational institution credentials, sharing it with others, even if they are roommates, is not permitted under the standard terms of the subscription. The license agreement typically restricts the use of the software to the student’s personal devices and does not authorize sharing with other individuals, even within the same household. Each user must have their own valid subscription to comply with licensing agreements. For those who need Office applications, exploring options like Microsoft 365 Family for shared access or purchasing individual licenses would be necessary. c. Would you prefer buying software outright or paying for a subscription plan? Write at least 150 words on the pros and cons of purchasing software or paying for a subscription. Answer: Answers will vary. Arguments in favor of buying software outright include making a one-time payment, and owning a physical copy of software that will never expire. Arguments in favor of a subscription plan might include automatic feature updates, increased integration among online apps and cloud storage, and access to more programs than might be included in the one-time purchase. Choosing between buying software outright or paying for a subscription plan depends on various factors, including cost, usage needs, and personal preferences. Buying Software Outright: Pros: Purchasing software outright usually involves a one-time payment, which can be cost-effective in the long run if you use the software for many years. Once purchased, you own the software permanently, which means no recurring charges. This can be ideal for users who prefer not to deal with ongoing expenses or who use the software infrequently. Cons: The upfront cost can be high, making it a significant initial investment. Additionally, you may need to pay for upgrades separately when new versions are released. Technical support and updates may also be limited after the initial purchase. Subscription Plans: Pros: Subscription models often include access to the latest updates and features, ensuring you always have the most current version. They typically offer lower initial costs and can be more manageable for budget planning. Subscriptions often come with customer support and additional features like cloud storage. Cons: Over time, the cost of a subscription can exceed the price of a one-time purchase. Subscriptions require ongoing payments, which can be inconvenient for users who prefer not to have recurring expenses. Additionally, if you stop paying, you lose access to the software and any associated data. Ultimately, the choice depends on your budget, how frequently you use the software, and whether you value having the latest features and support. Team Up Now – Google Drive VideoNotes Web App Google Drive includes a Web app named VideoNotes, which is a tool for taking notes while watching videos. VideoNotes allows you to play any YouTube video on the left side of your screen as you make notes on a notepad on the right side of the screen. VideoNotes integrates with your Google Drive account. All the notes you type are synchronized with the video. Later, if you select a line in your notes, the video begins to play from the corresponding location. You’ll use VideoNotes to interact with your team in this exercise. a. Research and identify three YouTube videos that describe different Web apps. Answer: Answers will vary, but should include a title and URL for three YouTube videos that describe a Web app. An example would be: Scribblar review: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yMXEYuvA7Q Scribblar is a free online collaboration app. 1. "Top 5 Web Apps for Productivity" 2. "Best Web Apps for Remote Work" 3. "Essential Web Apps for Students" b. Share the links of the three YouTube videos with each member of your team. Answer: Each team member should share their three YouTube video links with the other team members. Share these links through your preferred communication platform (e.g., email, chat). c. Sign in to google.com, and then open the drive.google.com page. Select the Create button and then select VideoNotes. Each team member should open the three YouTube videos and take detailed notes as the video plays. Answer: Note that at the time this document was created, "VideoNotes" was not a default option on the Google Drive Create menu. However, it could be added to the list using the "Connect more apps" command on the Create menu. Sign in to google.com, and then open the drive.google.com page. Select the Create button and then select VideoNotes. Each team member should open the three YouTube videos and take detailed notes as the video plays. 1. Go to [Google Drive](https://drive.google.com). 2. Click on the "Create" button and select "VideoNotes." 3. Open each YouTube video and take detailed notes as instructed d. Share your VideoNotes with each team member and your instructor using Google Drive. Answer: Solutions will vary, but each team member should share their VideoNotes from each video with the other team members, and with the instructor. Share your VideoNotes with each team member and your instructor using Google Drive. 1. Save your VideoNotes in Google Drive. 2. Share the document by clicking the "Share" button and entering your team members’ and instructor’s email addresses. Solution Manual for Technology Now: Your Companion to SAM Computer Concepts Corinne Hoisington 9781305110144