Chapter 16—The Design Profession Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which nineteenth-century building by Joseph Paxton could be considered an early example of the relationship between new technology and architecture? a) the Red House b) the Palais Stoclet c) the Houses of Parliament d) the Crystal Palace Answer: d 2. American glassmaker Louis Comfort Tiffany inspired which design movement? a) Art Nouveau b) De Stijl c) Art Deco d) Constructivism Answer: a 3. Gerrit Rietveld’s famous Red and Blue Chair is a summation of which principle of design? a) Art Nouveau b) Bauhaus c) De Stijl d) Arts and Crafts Answer: c 4. Charles and Ray Eames’ Side chair, model DCM demonstrates which feature of design in the 1940s and 1950s? a) streamlined design b) curvilinear design c) architectural design d) Constructivist design Answer: b a) Dante Gabriel Rossetti. b) Frank Lloyd Wright. c) Jan Toorop. d) William Morris. Answer: d 6. Cassandre’s Dubonnet advertisement is a good example of a) Art Nouveau design. b) Constructivist design. c) Bauhaus design. d) De Stijl design. Answer: b 7. The Bauhaus a) was designed by Le Corbusier. b) was designed by Mies van der Rohe. c) was an influential design school in Germany. d) was the name of a Dutch architecture style in the 1930s. Answer: c 8. What were the visual characteristics of art and design produced by the Dutch art group known as De Stijl? a) They eliminated all colors except primaries and black and white. b) There were no straight lines in their work. c) They made only political art. d) They made conceptual works only. Answer: a 9. The Arts and Crafts Movement was started in England by a) Louis Comfort Tiffany. b) William Morris. c) Henri Toulouse-Lautrec. d) A. W. N. Pugin. Answer: b 10. Le Corbusier was an architect and designer who prioritized a) the handmade and organic. b) the manufactured and modular. c) custom designs for wealthy patrons. d) inexpensive versions of modern designs. Answer: b 11. Where was Constructivism developed? a) Germany b) the United States c) Russia d) Engand Answer: c 12. In 1919, in Weimar, Germany, who founded the influential design school Bauhaus? a) Le Corbusier b) Walter Gropius c) Alexander Rodchenko d) Frank Lloyd Wright Answer: b 13. To Walter Gropius, the founder of the Bauhaus school, what was the ultimate creative activity? a) painting b) drawing c) architecture d) sculpture Answer: c 14. The first fins to appear on an automobile were on the 1959 Cadillac Fleetwood. Its designer, Harley Earl, was inspired by a) designs he had seen coming out of the Bauhaus school. b) Frank Lloyd Wright. c) the design of the P-38 “Lightning” fighter plane. d) Art Nouveau design. Answer: c 15. The designer of Does It Make Sense?, April Greiman, is a pioneer in the field of a) automobile design. b) the use of traditional media in advertising. c) postmodern architecture. d) digital technology in advertising. Answer: d Short Answer and Essay Questions 16. Design as a profession can be traced back to the beginnings of the industrial age, where it originated largely in opposition to what? Answer: Design as a profession can be traced back to the beginnings of the industrial age, where it originated largely in opposition to mass-produced, standardized goods and the negative social and aesthetic effects of industrialization. 17. Artists working in the post-revolutionary Soviet state were referred to as what? Answer: Artists working in the post-revolutionary Soviet state were referred to as "constructivists." 18. The Burlington Zephyr sparked American interest in which design style? Answer: The Burlington Zephyr sparked American interest in the "streamline moderne" design style. 19. Name two designers who were a major influence in American “organic design.” Answer: Two designers who were major influences in American "organic design" were Charles and Ray Eames, as well as George Nelson. 20. Chris Strach’s Apple logo represents stylistic pluralism. What are some other examples of stylistic pluralism? How have they been subtly changed to fit needs while maintaining their corporate identity? Answer: Other examples of stylistic pluralism in corporate identities include Coca-Cola, Nike, and Pepsi. These brands have subtly evolved their logos and visual identities over time to fit changing cultural contexts and market demands while maintaining core elements that ensure brand recognition and continuity. 21. Marcel Breuer’s Armchair, model B3 is considered a masterpiece of design. Though built in 1925, it maintains a modern appearance. The 1939 Chrysler Airflow, by contrast, seems to be an antique. What makes one design appear contemporary and the other outdated? Answer: The contemporary appearance of Marcel Breuer’s Armchair, model B3, despite being built in 1925, is attributed to its timeless and innovative design principles, including simplicity, functionality, and use of modern materials such as tubular steel. In contrast, the 1939 Chrysler Airflow appears outdated due to its design being heavily influenced by the streamline moderne aesthetic of the 1930s, which has become associated with a particular historical period and style. 22. Art Moderne (Art Deco) had a totally separate evolution from streamlining, yet some objects share similar visual characteristics. What are the similarities and where do they end? Answer: The similarities between Art Moderne (Art Deco) and streamlining include sleek, aerodynamic forms, geometric shapes, and emphasis on modernity and technological progress. However, Art Moderne tends to feature more decorative motifs, intricate detailing, and references to historical and cultural themes, while streamlining focuses on minimalism, smooth surfaces, and functional design inspired by the efficiency of modern transportation and machinery. Test Bank for A World of Art Henry M. Sayre 9780205901340, 9780205887576, 9780134082349, 9780134081809, 9780205898879
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